Russian-Turkish war 1787-1791: table of major events

The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table of which is presented in this review, became a natural continuation of the confrontation of these two powers in the second half of the 18th century. During the fighting, our country achieved significant foreign policy successes and consolidated its status as one of the leading European states.

Causes

The inevitability of a new clash became evident immediately after the conclusion of the peace treaty in 1774. According to its conditions, Russia got access to the Black Sea, Crimea was declared independent from the power of Turkey. The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table "Reasons for confrontation" according to the events of which is presented in this section, arose because Turkey wanted to take revenge and regain its former positions lost on the eastern front.

This was also preceded by a number of events that further strengthened the position of our country in this region. Three years later, the khan became the Crimean ruler, who was under the influence of the Russian leadership. Five years later he abandoned the throne and the peninsula withdrew to Russia. In the same year, the Georgian king signed an agreement with our country, under the terms of which Georgia and Russia became allies.

On the eve of the fighting

Against the background of these successes, public opinion was greatly impressed by the journey of Catherine II in Novorossia, which was equipped with Potemkin. She was accompanied by the Austrian emperor, who became her ally. The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table of which visually demonstrates these serious geopolitical changes, was largely due to these events. Turkey presented an ultimatum to the Russian leadership, demanding the return of the Crimea, the inspection of Russian ships that passed through the Dardanelles, and the return of their power over Georgia. The demand was rejected, which led to the outbreak of hostilities.

The first battle

The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table "Major Events" which graphically demonstrates the successes of Russian weapons, began with the defeat of the Turkish landing at Kinburn. Russian troops were led by Suvorov, who successfully resisted the enemy's attempts to seize this fortress. In fact, it was the first major victory, which completed the first year of the campaign. Another significant event of this year was the diplomatic success of our country, which secured the support of the ruler of Austria.

Then General Tekeli organized several successful raids on the Kuban region. The enemy's second attempt to seize the fortress, which was undertaken in the winter, also failed. Then the Turkish command concentrated all its forces on the Danube, preparing for a new attack.

Battles of 1788

The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table of which includes the main chronology of events, was marked by the brilliant victories of the army of Suvorov and Potemkin, who, after the siege and assault of the fortress Ochakov took it, which was a serious blow to the Turkish military leadership, which after that was forced to postpone plans for Attack on Bendery. At the same time Austrian troops under the command of Lassi joined the military campaign, but his tactics of dispersing the military forces subsequently led to serious setbacks. Rumyantsev also commanded detachments in Podolia, but here before the clashes the case never came.

Big Wins

The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table of which is devoted to the main military operations, was marked by the largest victories of domestic weapons, which glorified generals and leaders of operations. The next year began with the fact that Potemkin moved the main forces to the Bender. The Turkish forces, in turn, tried to hinder this advance, however Suvorov defeated the enemy at the Focsani. Then the vizier again went on the offensive, deciding to take advantage of the weakening of Russia's positions in Moldova. Crossing the Danube, he collided with the troops of Suvorov and the Prince of Coburg, who again defeated the Turkish troops. The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table "Allies" in particular, shows that the Austrian troops supported the Turks.

These great successes ended the second year of the war. The victories of the Russian army seriously alarmed the Prussian and British governments, which in every possible way encouraged the Porte to continue the war. In addition, in the same year Austrian troops occupied Bucharest and Belgrade, which greatly weakened the Turkish positions.

1790

The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table of which "commanders" shows the basic composition of command, in the above-mentioned year has entered its culmination. This year began as a failure for the Austrians, who were defeated by the Turks, which led to the emperor's consent to peace negotiations and actually left the war. The Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, the table "Allies of Russia" shows the alignment of forces between the belligerents. But Catherine II did not take part in the peace negotiations, and the Russian troops continued the fighting.

The Turks attempted to invade the Crimea, but were repulsed twice by the Russian fleet under the command of F.F. Ushakov. At the same time, Potemkin took the offensive and captured a number of enemy targets, but Izmail's fortress was held. The leadership was taken by Suvorov. He prepared for him very carefully, conducting the exercises at night: the soldiers under his leadership stormed improvised fortifications, reminiscent of the structures of the enemy. He sent the Turks his famous ultimatum and after the refusal led the troops into a decisive offensive. One of the columns was commanded by Kutuzov. The fortress was taken, which, in fact, meant a turning point in the war. Successfully went and fighting at sea, the most significant victories were the battles of Fidonisi and Kaliakria.

Completion

The war ended the following year with the signing of the Iasi Peace Treaty , in which Russia retained all acquisitions, but such territories as Wallachia, Moldova and Bessarabia had to yield to Turkey. This war strengthened the international prestige of the Russian Empire, and also consolidated its position on the Black Sea, which was especially important for the development of the country's fleet and its international prestige.