Rostov Reserve. The state steppe reserve "Rostovsky"

In the south of the Rostov region, on the territory of the repair and Orel regions, as well as on the shores of the picturesque Lake Manych-Gudilo, is the Rostov Museum-Reserve.

The wide steppe makes a huge impression on all the guests. In the spring, it blooms with carpets of bright wild flowers. In the summer time - with delicate silky threads of feather grass and noisy bird bazaars. In autumn it's sad to say goodbye to the birds, who, having gathered in flocks, leave their native places and fly south. In winter, wild horse-mustang sweep along snow-covered steppes .

Rostov reserve has the status of federal. It is located on 9,5 hectares of the Don land. It can be divided into four sections:

• Gypsy-Haq.
• Starikovsky.
• Krasnopartizansky.
• Island.

The desire to preserve the amazing flora and fauna made the local authorities create a reserve in these places. Especially valuable are wild tulips, which fascinate with their beauty. And the wild feather grass growing here is listed in the Red Book. Wild animals also need protection, which live in the Don steppes.

History

Reserves of the Rostov region were an old dream of many scientists and researchers. A great work in the study of the landscape and natural conditions of the Don steppes was carried out at the end of the XIX century by a great scientist-soil scientist V. V. Dokuchaev. He was the first to conduct an analysis of the environmental situation that developed in the region as a result of human activities. Already in those days the scientist insisted on creating protected zones in the Don steppes. The same question was raised by scientists throughout the twentieth century. Finally, in December 1995, the Government of the Russian Federation issued a decree on the creation of a steppe reserve.

Specially Protected Natural Areas

Such zones (OOTP) are very important for the conservation and restoration of natural resources. There are quite a lot of natural complexes that need special care. Among them:

• Biosphere reserve "Rostovsky";
• The Gornensky reserve;
• Tsimlyansky Nature Reserve
• The natural park "Donskoy".

Nature

The vegetation of the steppes, formed on the Manych terraces, has characteristic features and is defined as valley steppes. This is explained by the peculiarities of these lands, which have preserved traces of meadow origin, while the process of steppe is not completed. These lands are characterized by dryness, pronounced complexity and available salt-tolerant communities within the complexes.

Flora

The Rostov Reserve is a great variety of vegetation. There are 410 species registered in its territory. The main families are cereals, Compositae, Legumes, Mare, cruciferous, clove and labiate. Everyone is familiar with such representatives of Compositae as dandelion or yarrow.

The family of grasses is represented by feather grass (Lessinga, capillaceous, Sareptian, Ukrainian).

Legumes - peas (olbian, four-seeded, shaggy), camel's thorn.

The shepherd's bag, as well as ordinary rape, belong to the cruciferous family. Six species of quinoa and three species of sage are representatives of the mare and the labiate.

Not all reserves in the Rostov region have rare species on their territory that are protected in Russia. And in the "Rostov" of such species six:

• Tulip Shrenka;
• feather grass:
• Bellevaliya Sarmatian;
• Mikaragan of the Volga;
• Dwarf sycamore;
• Feather grass Lessing.

Fauna

The number of animals inhabiting the Rostov Reserve is not inferior to plants. Three species of amphibians are recorded on this territory: the scabbard, the lake frog, and the green toad. In addition, there are eight species of reptiles in the reserve: the lizard is quick, the turtle is marshy, it's ordinary, the four-stripe skid, the watery one, the steppe viper.

The most numerous in the quantitative and species-specific group, found in the area of the reserve, are birds. It should be noted that birds are very sensitive to all the processes that occur in the environment. This is characterized by a decrease or increase in the range of distribution, fertility, density of nesting, etc. Birds often become indicators of the general state of the environment. According to the latest data, about 217 species of birds are recorded in the reserve and adjacent to it. 127 of them nest in these areas, 61 species appear here during the flights, 16 species of birds winter in these parts.

The Rostov Museum-Reserve has more than fifty species of mammals. They are divided into seven detachments:

• Insectivorous - hedgehogs (eared, common);
• Bats (Mediterranean, evening bunch of redheaded bat);
• Predators (raccoon dog, trot-dressing, fox, wolf);
• Cloven-hoofed (roe deer, moose, saiga);
• Cloven-hoofed (on the island of Vodnya live feral house horses);
• Rodents (jerboa large, ground squirrel, mouse forest);
• Lagiformes (hare-hare).

Rare animals

Traveling through the reserve will allow you to see quite rare animals. To date, invertebrates have been poorly studied. Insects included in the Red Book of Russia are represented by a steppe stand, Armenian and steppe bumblebee, Hungarian ground beetle, etc. In addition, here you can find Bolivarius short-winged, colorful Ascalafa.

In the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation there are widely represented birds that live in the area of the reserve.

The organization of the reserve allowed to positively influence the restoration of natural ecosystems. The number of migrating and nomadic individuals (crane-crane, gray goose, white-bellied and red-breasted goose, and others) has significantly increased. Scientists believe that this is due to the creation of a rest zone in these places.

What to see

Reserves and parks in Russia provide an excellent opportunity to enjoy the nature of their native places, see rare, and sometimes endangered animals.

Rostov Reserve is better to start learning from one of the prepared routes - "Mysteries Manych Valley" or "Azure Flower".

During the fascinating excursion you will learn the history of the nature reserve, get acquainted with its animal and vegetable world, you will see the beautiful Lake Manych-Gudilo, learn about the herd of wild horses, learn about the peculiarities of afforestation.

Reserves of the Rostov region

On the Don land much attention is paid to the protection and protection of the environment. The map of the Rostov region, which we have posted in this article, will help you find the shortest route to the Tsimlyansky nature reserve.

It is located in the tract Kuchugury, in the zone of the Tsimlyansk reservoir. Forest plantations are typical for this region trees - poplar, pine, birch, acacia, willow.

The animal world is represented by a wild boar, roe deer, moose, fox, hare-hare.

Donskoy Park

The map of the Rostov region will help you find where there is another very interesting place. It is located in the Little Bend of the Don. It consists of two sections - "Island" and "Delta Don". The total area is 44.12 hectares.

Steppe open spaces are changed by coniferous-deciduous forests and wetlands.

Tanais

This museum-reserve is located 35 km south-west of Rostov. It was created on the basis of excavations of the ancient settlement and necropolis of Tanais - the center of ancient civilization. The sites of the ancient city, which have already been studied by archaeologists, are an open-air exposition.