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Regions of the Urals: characteristics and features

It is customary to call the Urals region of the Russian Federation, which conditionally divides the whole country into two parts: European and Asian.

Regions of the Urals

Geographically, this region is the region of the mountains of the Urals and the foothills (the Valikovskaya mountain system). The length of the ridge is almost 2 thousand km, the length is meridian. On the whole territory of the ridge, the relief of the mountains varies greatly, therefore 5 separate regions of the Urals are distinguished. We are talking about such regions as:

  1. Circumpolar.
  2. Polar.
  3. Northern.
  4. Average.
  5. Southern Urals.

The Polar Urals

The northernmost part of the mountain system is the Polar Urals. It has a length of 400 km. The borders extend from the northern point of the Constantine Stone to the southern boundary of the Khulga River. This is a fairly high part of the mountain system, the middle peaks have a height of 850 to 1,200 m. The highest is the Payer mountain, which is more than 1500 m high. The date of the birth of the hills is the era of the Hercynian folding. The relief of the Polar Urals is characterized by wide valleys and glacial structures. In some areas, there are small deposits of permafrost.

Virtually all regions of the Urals have a bad climate. It is quite severe, sharply continental. Winters are snowy, frosty, and the air temperature can drop to -55 ° С.

In the region the amount of precipitation is distributed unevenly. The western slopes receive more rainfall than the eastern slopes. Because of the constant loss of rain and snow, the region abounds in lakes. They are mainly of karst origin and shallow depth.

Flora and fauna of the region are meager. Vegetation is represented by taiga forests, but only in the southern region. And the only fauna representative, often found on this territory, is the reindeer.

There is no permanent population in the region. The nearest town is Vorkuta.

Subpolar Urals Mountains

The circumpolar region is the next region that can be seen going down to the south. Its borders extend from the Khulga River in the north to the southern boundary of the Nest of the Winds. This area is known as the representative of the highest peaks of the mountain system. The highest point - the city of Narodnaya - is located right here. Its height is 1,895 m. In total there are 6 peaks above the height of 1,600 m.

This territory, like other regions of the Urals, is very popular among climbers. Annually climb to the heights of hundreds of travelers.

North Ural

The northern Ural is the most difficult one for cross-country traffic. The southern borders of the region pass along the foot of two mountains: Kosvinsky and Konzhakovsky Stone, and the northern to the Shchuger River. The width of the Ural Mountains in this region is 60 km, and the ridges run several ridges parallel to each other. In the northern region there are no settlements and people. At the foot of the east and west of the mountain are impassable forests and swamps. The highest point of the region is Telposis (more than 1,600 m).

Lakes in the Northern Urals are more than 200. However, almost all of them have a small size and no vegetation around. Sometimes they are covered with kurums (placer stones). At an altitude of more than 1,000 m there is the largest and deepest lake in the North Urals - Telpos. Its depth is 50 m, the water is very clean. There are no representatives of aquatic animals, particularly fish, here.

In this area, brown coal, bauxite, manganese, and also ore are extracted: iron ore and other types.

Average, or Central Ural

The Middle Urals (another name Central) is the lowest part of the mountain system. The average heights are 550-800 m. The borders of the region pass in the north from the town of Konzhakovskiy Kamen to the northern borders of the Jurmi and Oslyanka mountains. The tops of the region are gently outlined, there are no rocky mountains here. The highest point of the Middle Urals is the middle town of Basseg (almost 1,000 m) - this is the only peak of this height in this area.

The climate in the Middle Urals is formed by winds that come here from the Atlantic Ocean. For this reason, the weather here is changeable, sudden temperature fluctuations can occur even within a day. The average temperature of January is -18-20 ° C, July + 18-19 ° C. Frosts can reach -50 ° С. Winter lasts for 5 months, it is characterized by a stable snow cover from November to April.

Some regions of the Urals (Northern including) are represented by the taiga, closer to the south one can increasingly meet the steppe terrain. The fauna is meager. A big role in this was played by the climate, hunting and poaching. For the last reason, there are no more wild horses, bustards and saigas here.

Southern District

The southernmost region of the mountains is the Southern Urals. It passes along the borders of the river of the same name and the reservoir of Ufa. The length is 550 km. The relief here is represented by complex forms. The climate is continental with hot summers and cold winters. Snow cover in winter is stable, its height is 50-60 cm. There are many rivers in the region, they have access to the Caspian Sea basin. The largest rivers are Inzer and Ufa.

This geographical region has a very diverse vegetation, and it is absolutely different on the eastern slopes and the western slopes. The fauna is also represented by a large number of animals. It is worth noting that the southern region is the richest of all of the above.

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