Non-woven tapestry: technology. Tapestry carpets and paintings

The art of creating a tapestry originates in the works of ancient peoples of different countries and religions. It was formed and developed for several centuries from simple woven carpets to collectors' works of famous masters who created works on special technologies, jealously protecting and transferring them in generations from father to son or from master to pupils. Tapestry is usually called a hand-woven or with the help of special equipment a carpet, which has a pattern applied with the help of a weave of multicolored threads, where stitches create a picturesque or ornamental composition.

The main function that was entrusted to the tapestry carpets was to protect the premises from drafts and frosts. A strong woven base and a voluminous wool layer of stitches of multicolored threads made it possible to keep warm and cozy comfort in the stone walls of ancient houses and castles. The artistic or design purpose of the tapestry was widely used later, with the development of production technologies and the need for the person to surround himself with the beautiful.

Thematic tapestries

Since the Middle Ages and almost to our days, when creating a tapestry, the masters tried to adhere to the production of articles for the placement of one, a certain topic. This direction in creativity allowed creating unique ensembles, supporting the style of decor and preserving a single image. The ensemble included not only the tapestries for the walls, the curtains, canopies, canopies, pillow cases, bedspreads also continued the design theme. Tapestry paintings were distinguished by a special technique of execution, extremely accurately conveyed images in color, complementing it with a volume that allows to emphasize the beauty and originality. Such work was carried out mainly to order, had a high cost because of the laboriousness of weaving, and not everyone could afford them. Tapestry wall paintings in the genre of monumental painting often ordered the royal court. They served as a decoration in the royal chambers of palaces and estates.

Non-woven tapestry as one of the elements of painting

During the development of tapestry production technology, the craftsmen invented numerous techniques and methods for applying stitches, with the help of which amazing pictures of beauty and quality are created. These include both the method of a lint-free one-side tapestry or tapestries, and a special technique - a non-woven tapestry, or carpet technique. Its result is a cloth with one-sided soft pile of different length. It allows you to create voluminous pictures with the help of colored woolen or silk threads . Many master artists are confident in the advantage of a colored thread or wool when applying it to a fabric with a needle in comparison with paints and brushes in works performed on canvas.

Materials and tools suitable for making tapestry carpets

Non-woven tapestry is a widely used technique for making original interior decorations. The technique does not require any special skills, patience or great difficulty in the work. This method is often used in home crafts, so for the manufacture of a tapestry with their own hands will suit materials that are easy to find in any household:

1. Dense fabric cloth.
2. Rigid frame for fixing the canvas, button or nails.
3. Special hollow needles for carpet non-woven tapestry with different lengths and different inner diameters.
4. Woolen yarn or threads made of wool, silk or flax of various colors.
5. Scissors, mesh or copying paper, sketch of the image.

Using these simple tools, you can make a tapestry of any size with different artistic images and decorative orientation.

Basis for a non-woven tapestry

The technique of a non-woven tapestry consists in stitching a special needle on the wrong side of the fabric backbone. As a result, a colorful picture with a soft nap and a volume contrast on the front side is created. The basis for this work is best suited strong fleecy linen with a harsh material, such as a hoe. Ideal option is a linen cloth with a loose interlacing of fabric fibers, allowing free passage of a thick needle, but at the same time tight enough to hold the thread.

The color for the fabric base under the tapestry should be chosen dark. Light base with carpet technology is often shined between the loops, giving the product an untidy look, while the dark one avoids such troubles, regardless of the color of the thread of the created image. In any case, making a non-woven tapestry carpet method, we must adhere to the qualitative performance of stitches. The loops formed by them should fit closely together, ensuring sufficient elasticity of the pile of the product.

How to prepare the foundation

For a high-quality performance of the image, a pattern is applied to the base of the tapestry. This allows you to maintain the accuracy of the image without deformations, especially if the drawing is not copied, but transferred to scale. Do this conveniently with copy paper, copying the image with a pencil, and then transferring it to the fabric, circling the outline from the back of the paper with a solid object. But if the drawing is large, then a simple copy may not be enough.

In order to increase the image evenly and without distortion, it is best to use a grid. It will help to transfer the drawing in small parts from the sketch to the base fabric, without changing its basic parameters. Moved to the fabric picture can be painted in the right colors for easy stitching in color. If the elements in the tapestry image are large, then they can be transferred to the fabric using paper or cardboard, previously cutting them and creating the templates of the desired size.

How to choose needles for a non-woven tapestry

Carpet technique, with which tapestry carpets are made, can be made with a special needle. Such a needle allows you to leave loops of a given size in the fabric basis for a non-woven tapestry. It is a hollow needle with an appropriately specified internal diameter, cut at an angle by the end, on the tip of which is made an opening for free movement of the thread. Typically, the hollow needle is attached to a handle of one form or another, which is convenient to hold in the hand when making stitches creating a pile on the front side of the fabric.

Needles can be of different diameters and length, which can be additionally adjusted by limiters. This design allows a change in the length of the lint produced by stitches. To make one tapestry, different needles with different diameters can be used. The more threads are used in the manufacture of products, the brighter and more spacious are the tapestry patterns created.

Threads for carpet method

Since the non-woven tapestry is a carpet technique, the products manufactured using this technology are often of a decorative nature. Therefore, the threads for work can be any - from thick woolen to silk or gold and silver. When performing work, it is important to consider the texture of the selected thread. The artistic volume in a non-woven tapestry depends not only on the thickness of the thread, but also on the degree of its twisting and composition, and the stable coloring of the material will help to avoid fading of the paints in the finished product.

Convenient fixation of the canvas (technique "non-woven tapestry needle")

You can fix the canvas on a rigid frame after drawing a sketch. As a material for the frame, you can choose both metal and wood. Its dimensions must be taken into account, based on the size of the drawing applied to the substrate. The frame should slightly exceed the dimensions of the image that will be produced with it. If, after stretching the base, the edges of the pattern are in contact with it, then it will be impossible to impose stitches with a needle.

The frame can be in the shape of a hoop, which is convenient to hold in hands, or it can be placed on a stand with legs of different lengths. To work on creating a tapestry on such a support for the frame is very convenient. It can be placed in a specific place, specially prepared for creative work. In this case, if the legs of the stand to decorate in a certain decorative style, then the whole structure will be beneficial to complement the interior of the room.

Beginning of work. Ways of applying stitches

Before embarking on the image, you need to prepare the needle to work. To do this, select the thread from which the embroidery will be started. A non-woven tapestry can include threads of different diameters, so it is necessary to take this into account when working. It is necessary to pass the thread through the hollow handle and needle, and then fill into the hole on the tip. Next, you need to determine the length of the pile on the front of the tapestry and adjust the needle to the desired length of the loop with a latch.
You can apply stitches in two ways:

1. The dashed method. It is a parallel arrangement of stitches from top to bottom, and then upwards. Screeds are superimposed strictly in a given sequence and fill the entire canvas from left to right.
2. Contour method. It is in the imposition of stitches along the contour of the color segment. In this case, the needle cut is positioned along the direction of travel, the direction of which runs from the top downward along a spiral tapering toward the center.

When using a needle, do not leave the thread too long to avoid tangling it. If the work on the embroidering of the segment is completed and you need to change the thread, then, after completing the puncture, you must take out the needle and cut the thread, leaving the tip, the length of which should not be less than one centimeter.

End of work. Fixing the shape of the tapestry

After applying the embroidery on the base fabric, the tapestry should be removed from the frame to secure the stitches, and the edges processed. In order to make the tapestry used for many years, on the wrong side it is necessary to apply a pre-prepared PVA glue. Glue diluted with water, and then using a sponge impregnate the rug, well promazyvaya stitches from the wrong side and not allowing the solution to leak on the front side. Carefully processed glue mat should be well dried, stretching it on a flat surface to fix the desired shape. When the glue dries, it will securely fix the stitches and prevent the villagers from falling out. In the end, it remains only to process the edge of the tapestry crochet - and the product can be considered complete.