Nameless - the volcano of Kamchatka. Eruption

In this article we want to talk about the Nameless Volcano. It is interesting that it is considered active, its eruption was observed in 1956. So what is the Nameless Beer Volcano in Kamchatka? What else is he interested in? Let's talk about this.

Location of the volcano

The Bezymyannyi volcano is located in the center of the Kluchevskaya group, not far from Klyuchevsky. If we talk about what it is, it is an elongated array with a broken top. In the eastern part of it there is a fragment of an older volcano, most of it was destroyed during the explosion of 1956. Only a small southeastern part has survived. The western part of the massif is the Nameless Volcano. Its slopes are covered with wide lava flows, the earliest of them are located in the south-west and south. And at the foot there are sixteen domes of completely different ages and composition. The ruined top is a large crater (diameter - 1.3 x 2.8 kilometers), in its center there is a new formation called the dome.

At the time of the late Pleistocene, on the place where the Nameless (volcano) is now located, dacite formations were formed. There were 16. And ten or eleven thousand years ago on the slopes of the Volcano the Stone was formed Nameless. Stratovolcano began to form 5500 years ago. The activity of these places made itself known for another two thousand years.

Periods of activity of the Nameless

Nameless (the volcano in Kamchatka) has been active for the past 2500 years. Conditionally, this period can be divided into three periods. Based on the ash mass indexes, it can be assumed that the activation moments were for the following periods:

1. 2400-1700 years ago.
2. 13 500-1000.
3. From 1965 to the present.

Eruption. Nameless, 1956

On earlier periods of volcano activity, scientists can judge by the composition of volcanic rocks. But as for the last eruption, it was not so long ago, and therefore you can talk about it in more detail.

Before it, the height of the volcano was 3100 meters. At that time on its top was a fairly well-expressed crater with a diameter of about half a kilometer. In the southern part of the crater there was a slag cone (internal). Near the top the slopes were cut by volcanic ruts. At that time the volcano was considered extinct for a long time. No one even imagined that some kind of activity could go on inside him. Everything changed the eruption of the volcano. Nameless 1956 gave an unexpected "surprise", which is difficult to call pleasant. Its eruption is called catastrophic, because it happened after a very long period of rest, which lasted about a thousand years. No wonder the volcano was considered extinct. And then the eruption of 1956 opened a whole new period of the giant's life, which is still going on.

Why was Nameless considered extinct?

I must say that the absence of signs of activity in due time caused some slight disregard for Nameless, and completely in vain. But there were some scientists who assumed that this volcano is still capable of giving a surprise. And it happened. In very short time this assumption was justified to the fullest.

In 1955, at the Klyuchevskaya station, seismographs recorded multiple tremors in the direction of Nameless. However, even these signs did not change the attitude of specialists to him. For some reason, it was believed that the phenomenon is associated with the future occurrence of another side crater of a volcano, such as Kryuchevsky.

And on October 22, the Unnamed volcano revived in the most unexpected way for everyone.

The new life of the active volcano

The eruption of the volcano (Nameless is very unpredictable) began with the most powerful ash outbursts, which rose to a height of five kilometers. But then suddenly the volcano began to subside. There was an impression that this, in fact, all was over. However, everything turned out completely different ...

Already in March 1956 the strongest explosion shook the whole neighborhood. Huge clubs of ashes rushed to a height of thirty-five kilometers. The top of the volcano was completely destroyed. In its place, a crater with a diameter of one and a half kilometers was formed. At the same time, its height instantly decreased by 250 meters.

The explosion itself was directed to the east.

The devastating consequences of an eruption

It was so powerful that at a distance of up to 25 kilometers all the trees were burned and felled. The hot sand, ash, and debris covered a very thick layer with an area of 500 km ² . Almost all vegetation was destroyed. The snow accumulated during the winter melted instantly and rushed to the valley with dirty streams. There were carried and the fragments of trees they had captured. The water passed through the valley, bringing with it a lot of dirt, stones and wood, from which an absolutely impassable blockage was formed. A poisonous stream for many days poisoned the water of Kamchatka, making it completely unsuitable for consumption. In addition, sulfur impurities led to the death of fish. Such a surprise was presented by the Nameless Beer Volcano in Kamchatka.

After the crater was formed, a red-hot dome of lava began to rise from its bottom. In 1966, after ten years after its eruption, the ascent to the volcano was felt the presence of life in it. From time to time, strong tremors were clearly felt under my feet, causing clumps to roll down the slopes, and gas jets that smelled of sulfur rose from multiple crevices. The ascent was not finished, it just had to be stopped.

New surprises from an active volcano

Nowadays the volcano Nameless is an active volcano of Kamchatka. The eruption of 1956 became one of the largest in the whole globe in the current historical period. After this event the Nameless Volcano woke up twice more. But both eruptions were weak (in 1977, 1984). His activity was observed in 1984. But in 1985 the volcano presented a new surprise.

At the end of June, new shocks were registered. A group of volcanologists was sent to the place under the direction of Firstov PP A. On June 29, Bezymyannyi exploded again. Again, there was a directional ejection to the east. The explosion was very powerful. By force, he was second only after 1956. Again, no one expected this from Nameless. He was considered already sufficiently studied, to its periodic jolts already accustomed. The group, which went to the place, nearly died and miraculously survived.

Imagine that a blazing cloud swept by twelve kilometers and destroyed all the young vegetation that had just appeared on a deserted place after the last eruption. The houses of volcanologists, built at the foot, were also destroyed. Fortunately, they were at that time uninhabited. The dome, formed after the explosion in 1956, survived, but the crater again increased.

Extraordinary sight

Volcanoes have a special property to always be in constant "combat readiness". Just the same leads and Nameless. As experience shows, you always need to be on guard against it. Even if today he is completely calm, it means nothing. Soon he can come to life. Nameless for a long time makes itself felt. And every time this happens completely unexpectedly. Each eruption is something amazing, fascinating. A powerful fire element, hot red-hot lava flows, explosions and fireworks made of stones. This is all a volcanic eruption. If someone has happened to witness such a phenomenon of nature in person, then a person permanently changes his attitude towards them. All the eruptions of Nameless occur with serious explosions and quite severe destruction.

Type and form of Nameless

In its structure, the volcano is a geological formation on the earth's crust, through which liquid lava comes to the surface and forms volcanic rocks. By activity, volcanoes are divided into active, dormant and extinct. And in the form of education, stratovolcanoes, thyroid, slag and others are isolated. Nameless refers to the active volcanoes.

In addition, it is a stratovolcano by type of education.

The role of the Nameless in world volcanology

Explore and describe volcanoes began only in the XVIII century. The first book on Kamchatka volcanoes was published by Krashennikov P. in 1756. It contained information about the hot springs and giants of these places, including the Nameless one. Later there were other works. In Soviet times, the Atlas of Volcanoes of the USSR was even published. And in 1991, a modern work appeared on active volcanoes in Kamchatka, where the active giants were described in sufficient detail. Thanks to the 1956 eruption, Bezymyanny forever went down in history. Since then, a new type has appeared in the world volcanology - "Nameless", or "directed explosion". Previously, there were no such terms in science.

The future of the Nameless

Scientists-volcanologists managed to restore the character of Nameless activity for the last 2500 thousand years. To judge about earlier stages is quite difficult. So, it was found that the activity had a pulsating character. By analogy with previous periods, it is possible to draw certain conclusions about the future behavior of the volcano. Now we can safely say that at the moment, Nameless is in the middle of the road until the next period of strong activity. Taking into account the length of past periods, it is possible to assume with great probability that the current cycle will last from 100 to 200 years.

The scientists noticed an interesting feature of Nameless. The nature of its eruptions changed about 1400 years ago. Ever since, catastrophic eruptions have become characteristic of him. I must say that the 1956 eruption became the strongest of them. Since there is a periodic increase in this effect, it can be assumed that in the future the volcano will present another surprise in the form of even more activity.