MV Lomonosov's works: list, description, meaning

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov is one of the most outstanding personalities of the 18th century. He was an outstanding scientist, journalist and philologist. Lomonosov's works are still of interest to scientists all over the world and are a striking phenomenon in the history of culture and science.

short biography

Lomonosov was born into the family of an ordinary peasant fisherman. Education Michael received in a local school from the church clerk. The mother of the future scientist died early, and his father remarried. With my stepmother, the relationship did not add up. They often swore, and the atmosphere in the house for Michael was unpleasant.

Lomonosov does a lot of self-study and reads a lot. When he finds out that his father wants to marry him, he pretends to be sick, and then leaves for Moscow to study. He graduated from the best educational institution of the Russian Empire at that time - the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy. Being one of the best students, he was sent to the university at the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, and then to Germany, where he studied mining, metallurgy, chemistry and other sciences. After returning to Russia, Lomonosov was enrolled in the Academy of Sciences. At this time he creates the first research laboratories in Russia, and also organizes a university, which later received his name.

Circle of interests

Engineering, languages, mathematics, mechanics, philosophy - this is not a complete list of sciences, which interested Lomonosov. Classicism, whose works were aimed at rigor, hierarchy and clarity, opened up many possibilities for the future scientist. He also independently studied literature, poetry and philology.

Lomonosov was a man who can be called a man of universal knowledge. He was interested in literally everything, and he tried to learn all that is possible in every particular science. Works M.V. Lomonosov played a very important role in the development of physics and chemistry, and also had a strong influence on the Russian language.

Lomonosov and philology

Linguistics and philology are important topics to which Lomonosov's works are devoted. The list includes works on the creation of a phonetic system of the Russian language, as well as an attempt to fully systematize the national literature and language.

The scientist assigns an important role to versification. His first work in this field was "A Letter on the Rules of Russian Poetry." The work is written in a clear and lively style, characterizes the rhythm and pettiness of the Russian language. This work allows us to call Lomonosov the author of Russian versification. He demonstrated his talent in the poem "On the Taking of Khotin", which fully corresponds to all the theoretical statements of the author. Attention also deserves the work of "Rhetoric".

Throughout his work the scientist pays special attention to a harmonious comparison of the content of poems with their artistic form. He also argued that you need to focus not on popular trends, but look for something of your own. It is the national peculiarities of the language that make it unique. However, he also said that the Russian language should be independent, but not cut off from the rest of the world, therefore all European achievements and cutting-edge ideas also need to be taken into account.

Theory of Literature

Lomonosov's works laid the foundation for the Russian national theory of literature. A particularly important role here is played by the development of scientific methods of versification.

Lomonosov to the existing yamba and chorea offers three-complex variants - dactyl, anapest and amphibrachium. Also, the scientist claimed that in verse one can use a wide variety of rhymes, and not only male and female, about which Trediakovsky wrote.

Lomonosov's poetry

The poet is another profession that Lomonosov has mastered well. The works, the list of which is quite impressive, clearly shows the author's national self-expression. He was the first to discover those features of Russian poetry, which were subsequently continued and more deeply disclosed by his followers. We are talking about such characteristics as optimism, citizenship, interest in the historical past, faith in a better future, and more.

Lomonosov's works played several roles at once: they were used for civic education, and also as a method of influencing society. This is due to the role of enlightenment, which played a very large role in the creativity and life of the scientist. Regardless of what works of Lomonosov to consider, they all directly or indirectly carry this in themselves. The following works deserve special attention: "Talking with Anacreon", "Peter the Great", "Inscription on Illumination" and others.

Journalism

The works of Lomonosov, whose list is simply amazing, concern journalism as well. Enlightenment played a very important role in the activities of the scientist, he understood that it was the press that was responsible for disseminating and propagating information. At that time, the newspaper "St. Petersburg Vedomosti" was published in Russia, together with which a small supplement was published, "Historical, Genealogical and Geographical Notes." This part was assigned to Lomonosov for editing.

Later, on the initiative of the scientist at the Academy of Sciences, the first scientific journal, "Monthly essays, to the benefit and amusement of employees," was launched, intended for a wide range of readers. The emphasis was on interest and accessibility for people who are not involved in science.

The role of the scientist in the formation of the Russian literary language

The development of the national language is an important topic, which Lomonosov dealt with. The works, whose list is simply huge, point to two important innovations. Firstly, it is the development of the syllabo-tonic system of versification, and secondly, the development of the theory of the three styles, according to which the entire Russian language can be divided into three more parts. The author suggests the following styles:

• Tall. To this end, common and Church Slavic words are used.
• Average. Assumes the use of only common words.
• Low. Use only spoken words.

In accordance with this, styles could be used to form different genres:

• High - an ode, a heroic poem, a tragedy.
• Medium is drama and lyrics.
• Low - a comedy, a satire, a fable.

As for the scientist himself, he undoubtedly preferred a high style. The works of Lomonosov, among which the ode occupy a separate place, clearly illustrate this. Accordingly, for his work the author used only church and common vocabulary, excluding simple spoken language.

Mikhail Lomonosov is an outstanding personality not only in Russian, but also in world science. This man was a carrier of encyclopaedic knowledge, and also he was the author of many theories in various sciences.