Mining companies in Russia: list and industry sectors

The mining enterprises of Russia form the basic branch of the entire economy. The development of enterprises brings the country a stable position and independence from foreign markets.

World Ranking

Historically, Russia has large reserves of minerals. Thanks to the development of mineral resources, the country occupies leading positions in the world market. Large reserves do not always mean unambiguous leadership, for example, the Russian Federation has an overwhelming leadership in the world ranking for iron ore reserves, but their iron content is low. The same situation with titanium, tin, tungsten and many other metal-containing fossils.

The Norilsk deposits differ from the general situation, where the quality of extracted raw materials is characterized by high indicators. Today, large Russian mining companies work there, where they develop raw materials for the production of nickel (20% of the world market), cobalt (10%), copper (3%). From the Norilsk mines, a significant amount of platinum, tellurium, palladium enters the world market. According to experts, the Norilsk reserves will last for 30 years.

Russia produces 48 types of mineral raw materials, which makes it the absolute leader among 166 mining countries. Most of the countries participating in the market operate on a more modest list - up to 10 types of minerals. The share of the Russian mining industry in the world production is about 10%, which allows it to occupy the third position in the rating.

Problems of the industry

The main problem of mining in Russia is the lack of systematic geological exploration. All state projects in this area have been discontinued since 1966. The modern system of subsoil use by private developers does not stimulate research. As a result, there is a growing threat to the entire industry. Most of the known deposits are already on the verge of depletion of reserves, and new ones do not open and there is no planned scientific exploration of subsoil.

This situation leads to the dependence of metallurgical plants on external supplies. The production of aluminum in domestic enterprises is directly dependent on the components. For the production of metal, bauxite and alumina are required, their production gradually decreases. The share of own bauxite is 5-6 million tons per year, alumina - up to 2.9 tons per year, this is not enough for production facilities. The amount of purchased raw materials reaches 5.3 million tons.

In addition to insufficient exploration of subsoil resources, there is a problem of abandoned deposits, the development of which does not make investments. Total copper reserves in Russia are estimated at 100 million tons. The largest deposit of this metal is in Eastern Siberia. According to the data, the Udokan deposit contains about 200 tons of raw materials, but nobody is engaged in it. In development are other large deposits (Oktyabrskoye, Gaiskoye, Talnakhskoye), where stocks are coming to an end.

In the bowels of Russia is up to 10 thousand tons of gold, but the situation in the gold mining industry repeats the general trends. Industrial development is carried out at the Natalka deposit and in the Sukhoy Log (1500 tons of metal per year). The share of the Far Eastern region accounts for the largest part of gold mining (up to 58%). Development and exploration of new deposits is not underway.

The basis of the country's economy

Mining enterprises of Russia are the main base that forms the country's budget. The contribution to the GDP is 60-70%, the increase in the export of raw materials and finished products ensures the filling of the stabilization fund of the economy and the state reserves. Mining is a complex of industries, which include:

• Extraction of mineral and energy raw materials (oil, gas, peat, uranium, coal, etc.).
• Extraction of ore of black and other metals (iron ore, chromite, vanadium, molybdenum, etc.).
• Extraction of non-ferrous metal ores (copper, tin, lead, zinc, nickel, etc.).
• Extraction of mining chemical raw materials (apatite, potassium salts, sulfur pyrite, phosphates, etc.).
• Extraction of industrial raw materials for the needs of various industries (graphite, asbestos, chalk, limestone, clay, granite, etc.).
• Extraction of precious, semiprecious, ornamental stones (diamonds, gems, etc.).
• Hydromineral direction (groundwater).

Mining enterprises of Russia are formed on the site of mining. For a full-fledged work and reduce the cost, a complex of adjacent enterprises is usually built. Deposits of metal ores are accompanied by concentrating factories, metallurgical plants and a complex of infrastructure facilities, including settlements for workers, road junctions, energy complexes for the operation of industrial enterprises.

Large enterprises

To date, there are 24 large mining enterprises. Geography covers the whole country. The leading role in the industry is played by Siberia and the Far East.

What are the mining enterprises of Russia? The list is presented below:

• AK "Alrosa" (PAO) is located in the Republic of Sakha, the main activity is the extraction of diamonds, the share in the domestic market is 95% of the total volume of the extracted gem.
• The artel of the Amur prospectors. The company specializes in the extraction of platinum, palladium.
• JSC Atomredmetzoloto. The company specializes in the extraction of uranium ores.
• Goroblagodatsky ore management. The company is engaged in the development of a complex of iron ore deposits.
• JSC "Evrazruda", the field of activity - the development of five deposits of iron ore.
• OOO Kovdorsljuda. At the moment is in the bankruptcy stage.
• JSC Kola Metallurgical Company. Sphere of activity - extraction of ores of non-ferrous metals, metallurgy.
• "Metalloinvest", the core of the enterprise is the extraction of iron ore raw materials, ferrous metallurgy.
• PJSC "Mechel" (coal mining, production of non-ferrous and ferrous metals, coking coal, thermal coal).
• Priargunskoye PGHO. Specialization is the development of uranium and molybdenum-uranium deposits in the Trans-Baikal Territory.
• UC RUSAL (extraction of alumina and bauxite, production of aluminum).
• GC «Russian platinum». Directions of activity - extraction of platinum, palladium, eolot.
• MMC Norilsk Nickel (extraction of nickel, copper, palladium and other metals, non-ferrous metallurgy).
• PJSC "Severstal", one of the largest enterprises in Russia, is engaged in the extraction of coal, coking coal, extraction and enrichment of iron ore, a complex of metallurgical and ore-dressing plants.
• JSC "SUAL" (alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum-based alloys, etc.).
• JSC Holding Sibplaz. The company's interests lie in the mining industry, chemical, metallurgical and construction industries. Research and scientific work is conducted.
• OJSC Silvinit (potash mining, production of potash fertilizers, food and industrial salt, etc.).
• Joint venture "Mongolrostsvetmet". Specialization - extraction of gold, fluorite ore, iron ore, geological exploration.
• GOK Erdenet (development of a deposit of molybdenum and copper ore, concentrating factory, metallurgical plant).
• CHEK-SU (extraction of manganese ores of Usinsk deposit, construction of GOK).
• JSC "YATEK", the scope of activity - the production of hydrocarbons, gas, geological exploration.
• JSC "Kaliningrad Amber Plant" (industrial extraction of amber, jewelry business).

The enterprises of the mining industry of Russia work in a complex with processing and manufacturing enterprises.

Careers

Work in the largest sector of the country's economy is always there. Many are eager to get into the mining enterprises of Russia. Jobs are almost always open to drivers of cargo and specialized equipment, handymen, there is a constant shortage of highly qualified welders. The list of vacancies is constantly updated, which gives all candidates a chance to get the desired position.

The bulk of enterprises are concentrated in the northern regions of Russia, where the working conditions are very complicated. Employers, in addition to high wages, offer a special schedule - shift work method. The watch can stretch from 15 days to six months, after which the employee receives full payment for the entire time. Those who have already worked in this mode, respond positively both to the experience gained and about wages.