Minimalism in architecture: a description of the style. Individual and standard house designs

Minimalism in architecture appeared many years ago and managed to win a lot of admirers both among designers and among the population. In this article, we want to highlight this style in more detail. Many people who are planning construction are interested in such issues as types of directions, the history of architecture and the chosen style, its features and dignity.

General concept of style

Minimalism in architecture is far from the only style that exists and is popular. But before talking about different directions, let's see what the style of architecture is. It is the union of all characteristics and attributes that manifest themselves in the appearance of the building, and in the interior decoration of the premises. This includes the following factors:

• Size and layout of buildings;
• Application of certain building materials;
• Method of finishing the facade;
• Design of the land around the house;
• Design interior decoration of rooms, etc.

Development of architecture

If we talk in detail about such a topic as the history of architecture, we will need a lot of time to cover all stages of development. After all, directions began to emerge many centuries ago, since then only transformed and multiplied. Our goal is to acquaint the reader with one of the known styles - minimalism in architecture and design, so we will only briefly highlight the main points in this area. It is useful to learn that the formation and change of styles directly depends on what factors influenced them. We are talking about the climate zone, historical events, religious beliefs and the level of culture of a particular region. Despite the fact that each direction has its own characteristics, yet all of them are quite arbitrary, each allows a percentage of innovation and can vary in different countries.

Architectural directions

We consider it compulsory to acquaint the reader with the variety of styles that are known at this time. We will not enumerate all the options, but only the most common ones. So, besides the minimalist style in architecture there are:

• Biedermeier;
• Renaissance;
• Scythian;
• Gothic;
• Mauritanian;
• Art design;
• Empire;
• Victorian;
• colonial;
• Art Deco;
• Constructivism;
• rococo;
• high tech;
• Romanesque;
• Modern;
• expressionism;
• Functionalism;
• Lend-art;
• classicism;
• Historicism;
• Brutalism;
• futurism;
• Art Nouveau;
• Baroque and many others.

As you can see, a variety of styles proves the fact that it is possible to select and prepare a draft of the future house for every taste.

Minimalism

Before you make a standard project at home in the chosen style, you need to study its features in detail. Otherwise, it may turn out that from ignorance you will mix the characteristics of incompatible directions and in the eyes of many understanding people you will look ridiculous. Although once again we recall that each style allows the option of adding something of its own, individual.

What I want to say about minimalism? The main feature is simple forms. All the elements that are used in construction and decoration are distinguished by their accessibility in understanding and elementality. One of the main goals is to create as much of a spacious space as possible inside the house and around it. This is achieved by using a minimum number of additional elements. For this direction, the colors of gray, brown or green are most often used. As a facade finish, wooden materials, stone elements or plaster are used.

Naturalness and naturalness is the main idea of this direction. Moreover, this style is easily modernized by adding some individual traits. As a result, you will easily get your own and unique project. The main thing is not to overdo it and be logical in cultivation.

History

Minimalism in architecture appeared at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Prior to this, historism was considered to be the leading direction, which embodied the spirit of that era, and we know such creatures as Gothic, Baroque and others. The richly decorated buildings were distinguished by a multitude of stucco structures. But after that, somewhere in the beginning of the 20th century, people were fed up with this pathetic feeling, they began to walk away from everything that did not carry a functional necessity, including ornaments on buildings.

Priority was given to utility and simplicity. It was at that time that the architect from Germany Ludwig van der Rohe began to apply steel elements in the projects of his buildings. At first, his proposals were laughed at, but a little later, after the famous Barcelona exhibition in 1929, he began to be treated differently. Exhibiting in the role of the exhibit a pavilion in the style of minimalism, he attracted a lot of attention, and his experience began to adopt other experts of this field. The architect managed to interest the consumer by using steel and glass in combination with smooth shapes and calm tones. He is rightly considered the father of this style.

Projects of houses

This style is successfully used in different types of buildings, there are a lot of tricks to make a standard project using minimalism style. Here are examples that are considered the most popular.

• Cottage option. This project is characterized by vertical windows of elongated type, the same type of doorways, functional roof with a terrace and the like. In this case it is appropriate to use a monolithic foundation, walls of foam concrete, wooden siding or "warm" plaster. This project is characterized by the use of materials such as glass, plasterboard, metal, ceramic tiles, decorative panels, etc.
• A variant of an apartment house. In this project, one of their features is the ability to view the territory around the house in any place. Plenty of space, glass and light. In addition to the previous materials, you can add a slate of slate, a natural board, mineral wool as a heater. At the same time the roof is pitched, and the foundation is light.

Similar houses and cottages are increasingly appearing on different land plots in a wide variety of countries, which indicates that this style is still very popular.