Kidney stones: causes and methods of treatment

Urolithiasis, or urolithiasis, occurs at any age. Contrary to popular belief, kidney stones can also form in adolescents and even in children. The causes of their appearance - metabolic disorders in combination with other factors: for example, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, inflammatory processes in the kidneys and genitals. So, urolithiasis in men often develops on the background of chronic prostatitis, adenoma of the prostate gland, in women - adnexitis. Prolonged, long-term violation of the drinking regime can also lead to the formation of kidney stones - to avoid this, it is recommended to drink at least two liters of liquid per day. Drinking water must necessarily be soft, boiled or filtered, as the use of hard water also leads to the formation of salts and stones in the kidneys.

Kidney stones, the reasons for the formation of which are quite diverse, can also appear as a result of ill-considered diet. For example, products containing oxalic acid (fruits, berries, sorrel), especially in combination with calcium-rich cottage cheese, cheese and other dairy products, can cause the deposition of oxalate stones in the kidneys. Those who have discovered this type of stones, should reduce the consumption of these products.

The formation of urate stones, in the presence of a predisposition (a violation of the exchange of uric acid, which is also manifested by gout), can provoke excess in food purines - they are contained in meat, fish and legumes. Especially dangerous in this respect are offal (kidney, liver). Accordingly, urate stones in the kidneys, the reasons for the deposition of which are an increased concentration in the body of uric acid, require the reduction of these products in the diet to a minimum.

Phosphate stones in the kidneys are formed due to an alkaline urine reaction, namely, the excessive concentration of calcium and phosphorus in it. Disturbance of the exchange of these elements, in turn, can be caused by various causes: hypervitaminosis D, parathyroid disease, excessive calcium intake - for example, with mineral water or as part of medicines. Accordingly, those who have this type of concrement, should completely exclude the use of calcium-rich dairy products. Meat and fish must be eaten in large quantities than usual: these products have the property of acidifying urine.

As you can see, the reasons for the formation of kidney stones are quite diverse. In general, they can be divided into three groups: metabolic disorders, infectious and inflammatory diseases, increased urine concentration - for example, in violation of water and drinking regimen or urination. Urolithiasis is very insidious and often does not show itself for many years: in many cases, the patient does not even suspect that he has kidney stones until a certain point. The reasons for which they first make themselves felt can be quite trivial - to provoke an exacerbation of the disease, even ordinary hypothermia is capable.

When the stones move from place to place, there is a strong painful attack - renal colic. The pain is so intolerable that patients get to the "first aid" in the hospital. In many cases, this is how urolithiasis is manifested for the first time and the presence of kidney stones becomes a complete surprise for the patient. In addition, with urolithiasis, painful, frequent urination and blood in the urine can be observed. These symptoms indicate the presence of concrements already in the ureters and bladder. Caution should also regular dull, aching pain in the lower back, intensifying after physical exertion.

As for the treatment of urolithiasis, in the presence of large stones, their removal is shown. For this purpose, laparoscopy is increasingly being used - a sparing surgical technique that minimizes postoperative complications. Smaller stones are crushed by ultrasound. With small concrements, you can safely live a long time, periodically passing an ultrasound examination to prevent possible problems. It should also take, in accordance with the prescription of the doctor, medications and drink herbal medicinal herbs. Because the causes of kidney stones can be in an inappropriate diet, you must also follow a certain diet - depending on their composition.