Incineration plant: technological process. Incineration plants in Moscow and Moscow region

Incineration plants have long been controversial. At the moment they are the cheapest and most accessible way of processing waste, but not the safest. A year in Russia there are 70 tons of garbage, which needs to be cleaned somewhere. Plants become an outlet, but at the same time the atmosphere of the Earth is subjected to colossal pollution. Which incineration plants exist and is it possible to stop the epidemic of waste in Russia?

History of occurrence

Since the people began to lead a sedentary lifestyle, the population of towns and villages knew the problem of waste disposal. All the garbage produced by people had to somehow be taken away from the place of residence, because it had a significant impact on health. In our time, when industry and consumption are developing more and more, residents of developed countries throw about 400 kg of garbage. In the countries of the third world this figure is half that. Mankind knows several options for eliminating waste:

• burning;
• Instillation;
• Processing.

Naturally, garbage processing is the most environmentally friendly and true for the future way. That's just the cost of it at times more. In each yard, on each street special trash cans with separation for different materials (plastic, glass, paper, food waste) should be installed. Plants for processing also require large material costs.

At the same time, burial and incineration of garbage are the most "dirty", but also the simplest solution. The costs for these methods are minimal, but the harm from them is much greater. In Russia, about 2% of garbage is burned every year, and 4% is recycled, everything else goes to landfills.

Advantages and disadvantages

Perhaps, it will be difficult to find the advantages of heat treatment plants. And yet they are. First, it is a reduction in the area of garbage contaminated areas. If you add all the waste in Russia, you get an area equal to Cyprus. Impressive, is not it? Waste incineration plants help to recycle at least some of this huge garbage dump.

However, these enterprises can not be considered negative. The most important is pollution of the environment. To clean air with impurities of harmful substances and heavy metals, you need expensive equipment. Gases usually go through two stages of preparation:

1. The precipitation chamber.
2. Battery cyclone.

The degree of air purification reaches 95%. Why, then, in the whole world are trying to get rid of factories working on this principle? The fact is that dioxins, which come with smoke into the atmosphere, cause diseases such as cancer, pneumonia and other deadly diseases. Around the garbage factories, the number of local residents who have turned to hospitals with endocrine, immune and reproductive problems is increasing dramatically. And unfortunately, at this stage of the development of mankind, no such cleansing barriers have been invented that could rid of dioxins.

Moscow

Incinerators in Moscow are simply necessary. Every day the city produces tons of garbage, which needs to be disposed of somewhere. All the dumps coming to Moscow are already clogged, the city continues to grow, and the waste with the houses "rushes" towards each other. What plants are located in Moscow?

• The waste-processing plant in the street Podolsky Cadets.
• Incinerator No. 2 on the Altuftovskoye Highway.
• Plant № 4 and "Ecologist" in Rudnevo.

The government faces a difficult task. On the one hand, there is not much money to build the "right factories". Simply put, there is simply nothing to build them for. On the other hand, more and more protests from Moscow residents are caused by processing plants, whose territories are almost completely built up by new buildings.

Incineration plants in the suburbs

In 2016 the "Clean Country" project was approved. Its meaning lies in the construction of new plants on the territory of the Moscow region. There are four of them:

• Solnechnogorsk district;
• Resurrection rn;
• Noginsk district;
• Naro-Fominsk district.

However, environmentalists are protesting against such a "Clean Country". The fact is that, although the scientists did not pass an unambiguous prohibitory verdict, it would be impossible to calculate the damage from the factories. Too many factors can not be taken into account: wind behavior, climate, precipitation, amount of waste. If the circumstances unfold, the problems from such a project can be felt by all the inhabitants of the Moscow region.

Greenpeace does not recommend living less than five kilometers from the plants. And you can not be more than half an hour directly next to it without protective masks. Nevertheless, many houses will fall into the zone of influence of the factories. And if a rose of winds chases the smoke from them in another direction, the circumstances may turn out even more sad.

Lyubertsy

The incinerator in Lyubertsy has long been concerned about the residents of this district. Many defrauded co-investors have believed in a sweet-hype advertisement about an "ecologically clean" space in which everyone will feel most comfortable. But the tale turned out to be a hoax. For many years there were irrigation fields in Lyubertsy, where all the sewerage of Moscow flowed.

In addition, there is a CHPP and an oil refinery nearby. But this is not all: waste from the Moscow Ring Road and Novoryazanskoye Highway, too, do not add health to residents. But the saddest thing is that there are two incineration plants in Lyubertsy, which are located right on its territory. A lot of new buildings in the area are in the area of defeat.

Incinerator No. 4

The waste recycling plant located in the industrial area of Rudnevo in Lyubertsy is the largest incinerator in Moscow. On the day it takes about 700 tons of garbage, ie, somewhere around 30% of the entire mass of waste of the capital. Right next to it is another plant called "Ecolog". It brings medical waste, corpses of domestic animals and confiscated medical supplies for burning.

Right next to these enterprises are Kozhukhovo dwellings, kindergartens and social institutions. Residents of the Lyubertsy district have long been trying to reach the authorities, but so far their requests have not been received.

Refuse processing plant No. 2

The incineration plant No. 2 is located in Altufevo district. Its distinctive feature is the finding inside the array of residential quarters. Relative proximity to the center of Moscow and the direction of the wind rose together suggest that the plant is poisoning a significantly larger number of people than all the others.

Garbage at the plant is burned mainly at night. Many residents complain of shortness of breath and disgusting smells. Young families with children who bought apartments in the area are already considering moving to the Moscow region. Repeated petitions calling on the government to shut down the plant have not yet found support.

Ways to solve the problem

After all the information that has been read, the desperation rolls involuntarily - how can all this be remedied to ordinary people without any power and levers of influence? But you can do it.

1. Deal with trash. Yes, it sounds corny. But the future of our planet depends on each of us. If the majority of Moscow residents start collecting garbage separately, the government will be forced to establish factories for separate processing. And the matter will move from a dead center.
2. Do not dispose of batteries, appliances or lamps. In Russia it is still not forbidden to burn all these dangerous substances. Therefore, they go to the furnace on a par with relatively safe household waste. But when they burn, very toxic substances are released, which have a detrimental effect on health. Now in every large settlement there are special boxes for collecting dangerous raw materials into which you can send your lamps, mercury thermometers and used equipment.
3. Take an active civil position. You do not need to think that the problem of garbage processing does not concern you. The construction of the plant in St. Petersburg was canceled precisely because of large-scale protest actions. The future is in your hands.