The largest power plants in Russia: list, types and features. Geothermal power plants in Russia

Russia since Soviet times shows high results in electricity generation in thermal power plants. Power plants in Russia are scattered in most major cities of the country. Let's consider the most powerful on development of energy and their distinctive features. It should be noted that most of the structures were built in the 60-80s of the last century, but since that time new constructions have been put into operation.

Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP

This power station takes the 7th place among the existing facilities in the world according to the installed capacity. Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, located on the Yenisei, is the highest dam in Russia and one of the highest in the world. Its maximum throughput is 13090 m ³ / s. In the station part of this power station in Russia there are 21 sections, the machine room includes 10 hydroelectric units, and in the station part - 10 permanent water receivers, from which turbine water conduits are laid. The dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydropower plant contributes to raising the water level in the Yenisei, due to which a reservoir is formed. The design capacity of the station is 6400 MW.

Krasnoyarsk HPP

The first power plants in Russia were built in the 50-60s of the last century. So, Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station began to be built in 1955, also on the Yenisei. This station is called the heart of the power system of Siberia, as it is one of the leading suppliers of electricity in this region. At present, Krasnoyarsk HPP is one of the ten largest stations in the world, employing more than 550 people. Completely put into operation it was in the distant 1972 and since then has been constantly improved. This HPP consists of several objects:

• Gravitational concrete dam;
• Damed building of hydroelectric power station;
• Installations for receiving and distributing energy;
• Lift with a canal.

The construction of the second largest power plant in Russia required almost 6 million cubic meters ^of concrete. The station has a maximum capacity of 14,000 m ³ / s, and the capacity of the HPP is 6,000 MW. The dam forms the Krasnoyarsk Reservoir with an area of 2000 km ² . The peculiarity of this power plant is in the only ship lift in Russia, which is necessary for passing ships. In 1995, hydroelectric power stations of the hydroelectric power station were worn down by 50%, so a decision was made to reconstruct and modernize them.

Surgut state district power station

The largest power plants in Russia are also represented by Surgutskaya GRES located in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District. The station has an installed electrical capacity of 5597 MW, working on associated oil and natural gas. Its construction began in the 80s, when there was a shortage of energy consumption in the Middle Ob area. According to the initial design, 8 power units were to be put into operation, and the capacity was to allocate Surgutskaya GRES to the number of the most powerful thermal stations.

Bratsk Hydro Power Plant

The largest power plants in Russia are located on the Angara River. The Bratsk hydropower plant is part of the Angarsk cascade of HPPs, being the leader in the production of electricity throughout Eurasia. The decision to erect the station was taken in 1954, and the commissioning took place in 1967. The unique volumes and stable water resources of Lake Baikal and the Bratsk reservoir affected the fact that this hydroelectric power station began to play an important role for the economic development of the country.

To date, the Bratsk hydropower plant consists of 18 units, and the energy produced here is widely used in various industries. The station consists of several workshops, followed by a staff of 300 people. Since there is no end-to-end navigation on the Angara, the waterworks does not have ship-passing facilities. The installed capacity of the Bratsk hydroelectric power plant is 4500 MW.

Balakovo NPP

In the list of power plants in Russia, which produce the largest amounts of electricity, we have included Balakovo NPP, which is the leader in the country's nuclear power industry. Due to continuous improvement of the equipment, high performance was achieved. The effectiveness of ways to increase energy production has been enhanced by improving the design of nuclear fuel. At this station, reactors with two-circuit power units are used.

Kursk NPP

Energy is the basis of the economy in the Kursk region. The Russian power plants located here are among the first five stations that produce high power. It is the electric power of this station that provides most of the production in the region. Kursk NPP is a single-circuit type station, where conventional purified water acts as coolant circulating in a closed loop.

Leningrad NPP

The Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant is the first in the country to have RBMK-1000 reactors. The Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant consists of four power units, with the main produced energy for total consumption. This station is the largest energy producer in the northwestern region of Russia.

Geothermal sources for the good of the country

There are different types of power plants in Russia. So, geothermal energy is considered the most promising in modern history, including in our country. Experts agree that the volumes of energy of the Earth's heat are much greater than the volumes of energy of all world oil and gas reserves. Geothermal stations should be erected where there are volcanic areas. Due to the joint of volcanic lava with water resources, the water is intensively heated, hot water is poured out onto the surface in the form of geysers.

Such natural properties allow the construction of modern geothermal power plants in Russia. There are a lot of them in our country:

1. Pauzhetskaya GeoPP. This station was erected in 1966 near the Cambial volcano because of the need to provide residential settlements and production facilities nearby electricity. The installed capacity at the time of launch was only 5 MW, then the capacity was increased to 12 MW.
2. The Verkhne-Mutnovskaya experimental-industrial GeoPP is located in Kamchatka and was launched in 1999. It consists of three power units with 4 MW capacity. Construction was conducted near the volcano Mutnovsky.
3. Ocean Geothermal Power Plant. This station was erected on the Kuril ridge in 2006.
4. Mendeleevskaya GeoTES. This station was built in order to provide heat and power supply to the city of Yuzhno-Kurilsk.

As you can see, geothermal power plants in Russia still operate. Moreover, active work is underway to modernize existing facilities, which will ensure the areas and enterprises located near volcanic rocks, the right amount of energy.

Following the progress

Note that the development of energy is not standing still. So, it became known that in Russia, in particular, on the territory of the Samara region, a solar power station will be built. Experts say that this project will become a significant phenomenon not only for the Samara region, but for the entire country as a whole. It is planned to build solar stations in the territory of Stavropol and Volgograd. As for the existing facilities, with due attention and timely modernization, they will be able to provide the right amount of energy even to remote regions of Russia.