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Russian regions economic, geographical: description, features

Russia is a large state on the continent of Eurasia, occupies North Asia and part of Eastern Europe. Territorially occupies the first place in the world among the states. The total population of the country is 146 million people. The form of government is a presidential-parliamentary republic; Federal state. The official name of the country is the Russian Federation (RF). The capital is Moscow.

The current president of the state is Vladimir Putin. The official currency is the Russian ruble. The country's territory is immediately in the zone of 11 time zones. Russia unites several dozen nations, races and cultures. All people are handymen: from artisans to businessmen. Here is an interesting population in a majestic power. On the territory you can see a lot of monuments and various cultural values, which shows people's respect for their history.

Geographic regions of Russia

The area of the Russian Federation is more than 17 million square meters. Km. It has the longest coastline among the states of the planet.

Extras:

  • In the north - Chelyuskin (Taimyr Peninsula).
  • In the east - Ratmanov Island (Bering Strait).
  • In the south - Bazarduziu (on the border with Dagestan).
  • In the west, the extreme point is located in the Kaliningrad region.

Russia is conditionally divided between two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. This boundary is set by the Ural Mountains. These two territories are uneven in area: the European part occupies 25% of the area, while the Asian part - 75%. The regions of Russia occupy a large Asian part, which is often called Siberia and the Far East.

If you classify Russia according to the forms of relief, that is, orographically, you can distinguish 6 geographical regions of the country.

Western Siberia

It is represented by the West Siberian lowland, one of the largest plains on the planet. It settled down from the Kara Sea to the Kazakh semi-deserts, from Altai and the Urals to the river. The Yenisei. The total area of the plain is 2.5 million square meters. Km. The western region of Russia is characterized by insignificant differences in altitude. They range from 100-200 m above sea level. On the eastern borders it rises to 300 m. The area of this region is boggy enough. From the entire Siberian region of the country it is the south of Russia that is well-suited, while the rest is absolutely useless for life and for economic activity.

Eastern Siberia

Another region of Siberia, most of which is occupied by the Central Siberian plateau. It is located in the south of the West Siberian lowland. From the eastern and western outskirts is surrounded by the mountain ranges of the Eastern Sayan, Transbaikalia and the Baikal region. The average height of the region is 600-700 m, alternating ridges and plateaus. The highest plateau is Vilyui, here the heights are 1500-1700 m. The highest point is Kamen, with a height of 1,701 m. This region can be described as a place where permafrost is widespread everywhere. A dense river system is represented mainly by mountain rivers.

Far East

A relatively small geographical region of Russia, is represented by the Pacific coast. It is divided into 3 parts: the mainland - directly the coast; Peninsular - Peninsula Kamchatka; Island - the Kuril Islands. It has a meridional extent, the geographical characteristics of the region depend on it. For example, the northern part of the Far East is beyond the Arctic Circle. Closer to the south of Russia snow cover is replaced by areas of permafrost, and then - the tundra. Most of the region is represented by mountain ranges and hills. This is part of the seismic belt. Especially the peninsula of Kamchatka. It is considered to be the most active seismic region. In addition to active volcanoes, a frequent phenomenon is underwater volcanoes that cause tsunami waves. In the south, the taiga dominates with subtropical representatives of the flora. Like some other regions of Russia, this area is a place of high humidity due to the proximity to the ocean.

Southeast mountainous region of Russia

The whole southern and part of the eastern border of Russia is girded with mountains. In the southeast, they are represented by the Caucasian mountain system, the Altai and Sayan, and the Baikal ranges. Caucasian mountains are relatively young. Their formation is not yet over, and they have the property of "growing". The highest points of the ridge are within 5,000 m. The highest point of the Caucasus is Elbrus. Some geographical regions of Russia are the most dangerous. Here, serious landslides, snow avalanches, earthquakes and mountain landslides can become serious cataclysms.

Ural

This region includes a river and a mountain system with the same name. The Ural mountains are stretched from south to north, more than 2,000 km, from south to east - as much as 150 km. Based on their forms of relief, the territory is divided into the main regions of Russia: Northern, Southern, Central, Polar and Subpolar. The Ural mountains greatly influence the climate of the entire state. They serve as a "barrier" and do not let the cold oceanic air masses into the interior of the country, thereby establishing a continental type of climate throughout the territory. For this reason, the climate differs in the region itself: in the western part of the precipitation there is more than in the eastern part. A large hydrological system - many rivers, more than 6 thousand lakes.

The Russian Plain

The Eastern European Plain (Russian) is one of the largest on the planet. Regions of Russia are inferior to it in length. Its second name - Russian - was due to the fact that the greater part of it lies within the borders of the same state. The area is about 4 million square meters. Km. Within the borders of the country is located from the Caspian Sea to the Arctic Ocean, from the western borders of the state to the Ural mountains in the east. Plain, surprisingly, uniform, typical. The average height does not exceed the height of 200 m above sea level. On the plain are 6 elevations with an indicator of 310-340 m. This site has undergone serious changes of anthropogenic character.

Socio-economic regionalization

In terms of socio-economic regionalization, there are 11 regions located in the neighborhood of territorial-administrative units. Separate regions are distinguished by their geographical location, historical past, resource potential and the development of this or that branch of the economy. All 11 regions are separated by one more feature - they belong to two macroregions, Western and Eastern. In the Western macroregion 7 regions are included, in the Eastern - 4.

  • Northern regions of Russia. One of the most territorially large regions of the European part. It consists of the Vologda, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions, the Republic of Karelia and the Komi Republic. And also includes the Nenets Autonomous District. The Primorsky district of Russia belongs to the Northern part of the country, which is in demand among tourists.
  • Central region. Includes the capital and the next 12 regions of the Federation.
  • Central Black Earth Economic District. Located south of the Central, one of the smallest in area, consists of 5 areas.
  • North-West Economic Area. It consists of 4 regions and a city of federal significance - St. Petersburg.
  • East-Siberian region. A large economic region of Russia. Includes 3 republics: Buryatia, Khakassia and Tyva, Irkutsk region, Transbaikal and Krasnoyarsk regions.
  • The Far Eastern region. The largest economic region in the Russian Federation. It includes nine administrative regions of the Russian Federation.
  • The North Caucasus region. Although the area of this area is small, but includes a large number of administrative entities - 10. These are the new republics, actively fighting for their independence.
  • The Volga-Vyatka economic region. The region is completely located within the country and has no external borders. In its composition: Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvash and Kirov regions, Mordovia and Mari El.
  • Povolzhsky economic region. It consists of 8 subjects of the Federation.
  • The Ural economic region. It includes Perm Territory, 4 regions, 2 republics - Bashkortostan and Udmurtia.
  • Listing the regions of Russia, the latter can be called the most remote entity - the Kaliningrad region.

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