Hypertensive solution: properties, application, preparation

A solution that has an osmotic pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the blood plasma is called a hypertonic solution. Most often this excess is 10%.

Osmotic pressure of different cells is different, and it depends on the species, functional and environmental specifics. Therefore, the hypertonic solution for some cells can be isotonic and even hypotonic for others. Immersed in hypertonic solution, plant cells decrease in volume, as it sucks water out of them. Erythrocytes of blood of animals and humans in hypertensive solution also decrease in volume and lose water. The combination of hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions is used to measure osmotic pressure in tissues and living cells.

Due to its osmotic effect, the hypertonic solution is widely used in the form of compresses for the separation of pus from wounds. In addition, locally it has an antimicrobial effect. The field of application of hypertonic solutions is wide enough. Hypertensive sodium chloride solution is used externally for the treatment of respiratory diseases and purulent wounds, and for gastric, pulmonary and intestinal bleeding is used intravenously. In addition, the hypertonic solution is used to wash the stomach with silver nitrate poisoning.

Outwardly, 3-5-10% hypertensive solutions in the form of lotions, compresses and applications are used to treat purulent wounds . Intravenously, 10% hypertensive solutions are slowly introduced in the treatment of gastric, pulmonary and intestinal bleeding, and also to increase diuresis. It is extremely important that when the solution is injected intravenously, it does not get under the skin, as this will lead to tissue necrosis. Hypertonic solutions are also used in the form of enemas (80-100 ml of a 5% solution) to stimulate defecation. In addition, 2-5% hypertensive solutions are used orally for gastric lavage. In diseases of the upper respiratory tract use 1-2% sodium chloride for rinses, baths and wipes.

Hypertensive solution: cooking

A hypertonic solution (10%) is produced in powder form in hermetic vials of 200 or 400 ml. For inhalations and intravenous administration, the solution must be sterile, therefore, for this purpose it is better to buy it in a pharmacy. A means for compresses, applications and rinses can be prepared independently. A hypertonic solution is prepared in a ratio of 1:10, i.e., one part of the salt to ten parts of water. Its concentration should not exceed 10%, since capillaries can burst in places where compresses are applied.

When treating many diseases, sodium chloride is used as a hypertonic solution. How to prepare this substance yourself? In connection with the extremely simple technology of solution preparation, do not try to stock it for future use. Remember that the self-prepared solution should be immediately used, as it is not storable.

With laryngitis and sore throat, a very concentrated solution (2 g of salt per 100 ml of water) is needed. To flush the stomach with poisoning, you will need about a liter of solution, and salt should be taken 30 grams. If you do not need a cleansing enema, but empty the bowel (for example, in the pre-, postpartum or postoperative period), a 5% hypertonic solution is used. In the treatment of purulent wounds, a 10% hypertonic solution is used, the preparation of which has its own characteristics. The salt dissolves the worse, the higher its concentration, and the penetration of undissolved crystals of salt into the wound is simply unacceptable, so the solution for the treatment of purulent must be brought to a boil. This will help the crystals of salt completely dissolve and decontaminate the solution. Before use, the liquid should be cooled to room temperature.