Anal fissure: causes, main symptoms and treatment principles

Anal fissure is one of the most common diseases in the medical field, such as proctology. This ailment is a defect of the rectal mucosa.

Causes

Anal fissure often occurs in women of the beautiful half of humanity. This is due, first of all, to the anatomical structure of their perianal region.

Perhaps the main reason for the onset of this disease is damage to the excessively hard mucus masses of the rectal mucosa. In this case, the tear occurs usually along its posterior wall. In addition, often the front surface of the rectal mucosa is damaged. As for the side walls, the anal fissure here almost never appears.

Another reason for this pathology is anal sex. In addition, foreign objects can also damage the rectal mucosa. In some cases, the anus crack appears as a result of medical manipulation in this area.

Main symptoms

The first sign of this disease is a sharp pain that appears immediately after tearing the mucous membrane. In the future, a certain amount of scarlet blood is released. After a few minutes, the pain is usually somewhat dulled, and the person has an itch, and also a burning sensation in the anal area. As for the allocation of blood, then after the act of defecation it can be found on feces, as well as on toilet paper.

Forms of the disease

To date, there are 2 forms of this disease. First, a person has a so-called acute anal fissure. This disease is not so difficult to cure. It is quite easy to be conservative. In the event that treatment has not been carried out, this disease becomes chronic. In this pathological process affects not only the mucous membrane, but also reaches the muscle layer. As a result of this defeat in humans, the pain after the act of defecation only worsens, and it is almost always present. In this case, most often wears a stupid character.

Treatment

This disease should not be started. If a person has developed an anal fissure, it is better to treat it in the shortest possible time. In this case, the doctor determines what should be the medical effect. In the event that the patient turned early in the illness and he still has an acute form of anal fissure, he is prescribed conservative treatment.

At the same time, he is offered a diet with a sufficient amount of food that can reduce the density of stool (for example, cabbage), and also recommend the use of anal candles, consisting mainly of vegetable or animal oils, facilitating the act of defecation. In addition, patients are recommended to make a bath with chamomile. As for the chronic variant of this disease, only surgical intervention can help here. In this anal fissure is simply excised, and the edges of the operating wound are sewn.