How to pay for water on the meter? Tariffs for water. Water tariff according to the meter

Is it accidental whether the water meter payment in Russia over the last 5 years has changed its formula several times? The last version of Decree of the Government of Russia No. 354 of 06.05.2011 was the closest to the optimal search option, how to pay for water on the meter. However, one can be sure that this is not the end point in the search for a solution, because the problematic nature of this sphere is obvious.

Variant of the tariff policy from a professional

According to Elena Dovlatova, director of the Association for Water Management and Water Supply, the essence of the matter is not to invent formulas. After all, you can infinitely "improve" the mechanism of additional charging the country's residents with the costs of systemic networks generated by imperfection. It is much more expedient at first to invest real money in the sphere of water supply, and then start improving.

In her opinion, for this, the current water tariffs are insufficient (in Moscow the cubic meter of cold water costs 28 rubles 40 kopecks, hot-125 rubles 59 kopecks), as it is the main resource for investments. Funds can be received after rising water prices for the population and Enterprises to all-European. What is the rise in prices? Approximately two to two and a half times: the range of prices for cold water in Europe: from 1.5 to 2 euros per cubic meter (from 61.5 to 82 rubles).

However, here again there are doubts: does the executive director mean all of Russia? After all, the country is great, say, the price for water in the Stavropol region is 1.5 times higher.

"Water" controversy

Before paying for water on the meter to an individual on a countrywide scale, Elena Vladimirovna believes, it is really necessary to carry out a renovation, "cleaning up" the social policy problems that makes current users "pay for the past." If you take on a systematic approach, she believes, it will take 3 years to build a sewage treatment plant, a reasonable time will also be spent repairing the pipes. However, there are other opinions. Sergey Finayev, the editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Water Supply and Sewerage", opposes it, recalling that Mosvodokanal's profit in 2010 was neither more nor less than 4 billion rubles. Since this public coverage of this information caused a wave of criticism in its time, since then Mosvodokanal's profitability has been hushed up.

Associate Professor of Moscow State Technical University. Baumana Hovhannes, in turn, expresses sarcasm, considering the "water business" profitable, and the key to how to pay for water on the meter, sees that the water companies in the personnel policy do not focus on managers, but on specialists and shift the accent From financial flows to water. However, controversy without practical consequences by and large has no interest for society.

Payment for water from the point of view of the consumer

If you do not have meters, then you pay for water, guided by the standard of its expenditure per person. For Moscow, it is 6.381 cubic meters for cold water and 4.366 cubic meters for hot water. If the consumer installs water meters, then "suddenly" it turns out that his consumption is half as much.

How to pay for water on the meter? In the vast majority of cases, we are talking about a measuring device of a drum type. On it, cubic meters of used water are displayed as a cumulative result in the first four - five slots, painted in black. The red slits show, respectively, the decimal parts. The order of transfer of such indications in cubic meters is stipulated by subparagraph "c" of clause 34 of Resolution 354. The time for taking readings is declared: from the 23rd to the 25th day of the month. The readings of individual water meters can be passed on the 26th day inclusive. If the consumer of the service has not transferred the testimony, then according to paragraph 59, he will be credited with monthly average indications.

In the event that water is supplied to the apartment by several risers of water, accordingly, several meters are installed in it, and their indicators are added.

The result of the summation the consumer transfers either to the accounting department of the management company, or to the settlement center.

Further - based on the data submitted by the user - the accounting company of the management company is charging the customer's debt. It is carried out according to the formulas of Resolution 354 and is displayed in the receipt sent to him at the home address, and in fact - the bill for payment.

Prices for the use of water

The prices of water supply in Russia have a strong tendency to increase. According to the relevant Federal Service, starting from July 2014, based on the forecasted inflation rate of 6%, water tariffs will increase by 4.2% (the figure is obtained using the 0.7 coefficient that is relevant for such calculations). In addition, starting in the summer of 2014, pilot projects on social prices for water supply related to water supply and sanitation will be launched in Russia. The essence of this innovation lies in delineating the minimum required water consumption by lower cost characteristics.

In addition, on the other hand, water tariffs for the population are relative to the water utilities compensation for their costs. Structurally, this cost by 50% is the salary of "water managers", 20% "pulls" the payment for electricity and supplies, 30% - the restoration and reconstruction of networks. It is obvious that Elena Dovlatova has in mind the increase in the specific weight of this last component, when she suggests doubling the tariffs for water.

How to arrange payment for water

The Russian consumer, having received a receipt from the management company for payment, can, say, notice that he gave information about the use of 15 cubic meters of water, and he was charged for 19. This situation is natural. The fact is that the user is also charged the costs of the system. They are normatively supplemented with water payment, but in fact the consumer's expenses are added due to the following components:

- technological water leaks in networks;

- its over-expenditure in apartments without counters;

- connections of unauthorized (watering lawns, washing cars);

- Leaks in the intra-house system;

- through costs incurred by unaccounted temporary residents.

In this case, the common water consumption indicator for the common meter (SDA) will fix a significantly higher expenditure than the sum of the indicators for the ISP of all tenants (assuming that the meters are installed in all the apartments in the house). They are fixed normatively in the Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation, and therefore - are legalized under the generally accepted name "common house needs". Accordingly, the methodology by which the payment for water is calculated can be significantly complicated by various nuances. This happens if there are no prerequisites for implementing a unified accounting technology on the part of citizens: some of the tenants will install meters at home, some will not, and in addition, among the first group there will be families where the counters will break down.

The actual specific gravity of the "loss" of water

Unfortunately, when evaluating the effectiveness of water supply, one should not rely on public information. Declarative reports of non-productive water losses in the country fix the specific weight of losses to the total water volume of 18-19%. However, according to experts, they are much larger. The general director of Moscow-based Ecotech Ltd. Lev Skvortsov claims that he himself, with the help of German special machinery, installed a real share of losses in Moscow's water supply - about 50%. One journalist after this artistically won the payment of water: "Moscow tears Nemet, but she believes the management companies." Is not it true that it echoes the "pearl" that our best friend is a manager?

Achilles' heel in charge of water

Traditionally slabinka algorithm for determining the consumer payment for water supply is considered the mechanism of distribution of common house needs. The imperfection of his plan, as well as problems in implementation, were always present. For example, the previous Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 of May 23, 2006 was less complete than the current one. The following examples show this.

The direction of "skewing" in paying water costs aside "the owners of meters / not using them" depended on the coefficient determining the ratio of the actual meter readings to the normatively accrued expense.

The problem of balance of interests

So, let's begin our reasoning. Initial conditions: the water tariff for the meter is equal to the tariff for the commissioners according to the norms. In case the actual expenses prevailed and, accordingly, the coefficient exceeded one, the expenditure of the owners of the ISP was multiplied by a factor exceeding one. Thus, in fact, they, under these circumstances, paid for the expenses of tenants whose counters are not installed.

If the given coefficient was less than one, then to determine the amount to be paid for the owners of the ISP, their testimony will be further reduced by multiplying by a number less than 1, thus, the general needs were paid by tenants who did not have counters.

Thus, judging by these simple arguments, in the light of Decree 307, the water payment for the meter was deformed to a great extent. The receipt, sent to the consumer, invariably testified to the uneven distribution among the tenants of non-technological over-consumption of water.

A new look at common house needs?

The presence of unproductive water in the current formula is also evident. However, according to experts, the new algorithm overcame the "roughness" of redistribution between the owners of counters and the refuseniks from them in an original way. He fundamentally re-introduced the tariffs on water for the population by relating the area of the apartment to the general needs. Whoever is more spacious "penates", he gets a large share of non-productive water costs. True, the very nature of this "area / expense" ratio looks rather mysterious. But ... the standard is the norm.

The formula for determining the general housing needs for HVS i-th apartment

Decree of the Government of Russia No. 354 of 06. 05. 2011 introduced a new formula (1), which determines the payment of cold water for the meter in terms of the imputed to the user of general house expenses.

V ⁱ _od 1 = (V ^d - Σ V ^u _uneven - Σ V ^v _vein.n - Σ V ^w _ve.p - Σ V ⁱ _eV - V ^cr ) * S _i / S _{o (1)}

^Uvwi, where:

• V ^d - the volume of cold water used during the reporting period, determined by means of collective SDAs. In the event of a breakdown of the meter provided for in clause 59 of the Regulations, utility charges are made on the basis of average monthly consumption;
• V ^u _неже - the amount of used ХВС in the u-th non-residential apartment is correlated with clause 43 of the Provision;
• V ^v _conductor. - the volume of used HVS in the v-th residential apartment, not equipped with the IGU;
• V ^w _conductor. - the volume of used HVS in the w-th residential apartment, equipped with IPA. In the event of a breakdown of the meter provided for in clause 59 of the Regulations, utility charges are made on the basis of average monthly consumption;
• V ^{i of the} _{year. - the} volume of DHW of the i-th residential or non-residential premises by self-heating (if there is no centralized DHW) used in the calculation period is determined accordingly. 42 and 43 of the Regulations;
• V ^cr _{is the} amount of heat converted by heating when the consumer individually organizes individual heating in accordance with clause 54 of the Regulation;
• S _i - the area of the i-th apartment;
• S _o is the total area of the apartments in the house.

However, in the same way, the payment of hot water for the meter, as well as in the absence of it, is regulated. We are talking about the principle of adjusting the relative area of the apartment, as already mentioned above.

The formula for determining the general house needs for hot water in the i-th apartment

The same Resolution (No. 354 of 06.05.2011) also imposes an updated formula, which is relevant for tenants of apartment buildings when calculating the specific share of common house heating costs (formula 2).

V ⁱ _odn.2 = (V ^d - Σ V ^u _nezh - Σ V ^v _vein.n - Σ V ^w _ve.p - V ^kr ) * S _i / S _{o (2)}

Its content is completely analogous to the previous formula for the redistribution of non-productive costs of cold water: the hot water tariff for the meter, as well as in its absence, is supplemented by the redistribution of house-building needs according to the principle of the specific residential area of the apartment.

Nuances of payment for water tenants

There are situations when bona fide payers, tenants of an apartment building are forced to pay excess funds. Often the reason for such circumstances is the presence in another apartment - with an unidentified IPU - unaccounted occupants. There are even situations where among the people living in the apartment, the number of unregistered people exceeds the number of those registered. How to be in this situation? The overspending is regularly displayed by the general house counters and then displayed in receipts sent by the management company to other tenants. You will not see a clue to resolve this issue in Decree 354.

In this situation, you will pay extra until you show activity. The situation is resolved by compiling a residence management act by the management company. At the same time, it is advisable to involve in the check of the local police, based on his authority granted to him under the Administrative Code of Russia - to prepare the records for residence without registration.

Conclusion

Analyzing the Russian innovations of recent years in improving the population's payment for HVS and DHW, the dynamics of this process is evident. The government "earns" one by one formulas, more justly introducing to the residents the imputed costs. However, this process by definition can not be crowned with one hundred percent success. After all, the effects are optimized, instead of localizing and correcting the cause.

It is clear that the whole thing is in the factors that generate the phenomenon of common house needs. Recall that they include water leaks in networks; Its overexpenditure in apartments where the IPU is not installed; Unauthorized connections; House leakage; Costs incurred by unrecorded tenants.

Obviously, still have a more systematic perspective on the problem, in particular, proposed by the executive director of the water supply association Elena Dovlatova - through an increase in tariffs to carry out renovation. However, at the same time, all water managers should work on a single strategic plan, not allowing the destructive and hopeless position of "accumulating profit" due to saving on capital investments. Also, the destructive policy of hushing up its profitability by vodokanals, which, for example, Mosvodokanal is demonstrating today.