How to make long-burning boilers with your own hands: detailed scheme with description

The boiler on long burning firewood is currently a very popular element that can be used in a heating system. Usually such an aggregate is characterized by simple and comfortable operation. This solution has made it possible to find the widest application in the most varied areas, from cottages and private houses to office buildings and production facilities. You can make long-burning boilers with your own hands, and if you take into account all their advantages, it will be doubly profitable.

List of benefits

Such devices are able to work on any available form of solid fuel. The power of the boiler can be easily and without special problems adjusted in a fairly wide range. Solid fuel burns very long, which allows not to produce additional feed from a couple of days to several weeks. Boilers of long burning, made with their own hands, have a fairly simple but reliable design. The materials for their creation are quite accessible, and the devices themselves are distinguished by their durability. A long-burning wood burning boiler is worthy of competition even for the most modern heating systems operating from fuel oil and natural gas. The device has a high efficiency, and the fuel in it is burned without any harm to the environment.

Doing it Yourself

Can I assemble long-life boilers by myself? Naturally, many craftsmen are already doing this successfully. In fact, the heating system is one of the most important communication systems in the house. If there are problems with the water supply, it will be possible to deliver water from some source, when there are power outages, it is possible to connect an autonomous power source, and when there are malfunctions with the heating system, you will not dissolve a fire in the living room.

Very often in the process of installing a heating system, the question appears: "Which boiler to choose?" Opinions may diverge, but most often the solution remains a solid fuel boiler. For its work, you can use pellets, firewood, bars, briquettes, coal and even ordinary sawdust. Such boilers should also be used in terms of the availability of all these types of fuel: you can buy or procure firewood even in the most remote areas.

Homemade long-burning boiler

It is not so difficult to assemble such an instrument. It is important to draw up a drawing of a long-burning boiler, taking into account all its features, and also carefully approach the process of its assembly. How to start making it? From the study of the concept of pyrolysis. Pyrolysis-type boiler equipment works in accordance with just one principle - gas generation. It consists in the following: combustion of fuel at a low level of oxygen and high temperature leads to the release of combustible gases entering a special chamber, where their combustion occurs under the influence of warm air currents. It turns out that two types of fuel are used, while one of them is a source for the production of the second. This allows you to increase several times the efficiency of the entire system, which leads to cost savings, as well as to the elimination of the need to often load firewood. If you make long-life boilers with your own hands, you should know that this type of construction allows you to easily control the performance, which became attractive for many owners of private and country houses.

Assembly

So, there is a certain scheme of long-burning boilers, in accordance with which they are assembled. It is most convenient to make such a device from a pipe, whose diameter is 300 millimeters, while the thickness of its metal should not be less than 3-4 millimeters. In height, you can take a pipe 800-1000 millimeters, this parameter will determine the volume of a single fuel loading. Conditionally the boiler can be divided into several zones:

- the area of the fuel loading, the height of which can vary depending on the degree of burning of firewood;

- the area of combustion with subsequent generation, in it the fuel is slowly smoldering;

- the region of complete combustion, in which the processes of ash combustion take place, followed by the removal of flue gases.

Essential elements

The device by which the combustion zone is limited, as well as the operating time of the device without refueling, is called the air distributor. It is made of a metal circle 4-6 millimeters thick, in its center there is an aperture through which air is fed into the combustion zone by means of a telescopic tube. The diameter of the distributor should be slightly less than the boiler itself, so that its movement is carried out without obstacles. The combustion zone is regulated in height by means of an impeller and the width of its blades. Usually the air distributor does not exceed 5 centimeters in height, otherwise the fuel will burn too quickly.

External elements

The air is delivered through a pipe, which can be integral or telescopic. Its diameter is approximately 60 millimeters, and the hole in the distributor must be made no more than 20 millimeters in diameter, so that the combustion chamber is not supersaturated with air. Oxygen enters the pipe either directly from the atmosphere or from the air heating chamber, which is in the upper zone of the boiler. The damper allows you to adjust the intensity of the air supply.

So, if we are considering how to make long-burning boilers by our own hands, then we should also say about such an important moment as flue gas evacuation. For these purposes, a chimney is designed which is welded to the side wall of the boiler in its upper part. For 40-50 centimeters the pipe is made horizontal, which avoids the creation of excess traction. The bottom of the device requires a door designed to remove ash, ash, and other combustion products. Solid fuel in such a boiler burns out more completely than in a traditional oven, so it is not necessary to remove ash very often.

Work in the heating system

The heat carrier for the heating system can be heated in one of two ways:

- You can make a remote tank, and inside it put a chimney: the coolant will be heated by the passage of hot smoke;

- it is possible to pass the water heat exchanger pipe through the combustion chamber of the boiler, which will result in the heating of the water in the tank by means of a coil connected to this pipe.

The first method can be called more simple in terms of self-implementation. And the second is much more complicated, but it is much more effective.

Important points

Any instruments of this type, including boilers of long burning on coal, require a certain placement. The surface below the appliance should be horizontal and flat, sometimes concrete formwork may be required. Unlike the traditional furnace, where it is required to provide an air supply to the entire fuel volume, the oxygen supply must be as limited as possible in the long-burning boiler. In addition, the amount of fuel loaded directly depends on the operating time of the boiler. Therefore, the fuel loading is carried out as tightly as possible, so that there are no gaps at all. The appearance of smoke and from the chimney speaks of the onset of sustained combustion. As it burns down, the air feed pipe will be lowered together with the regulator, which determines the degree of combustion of the firewood.