HomelinessBuilding

How to build a floating foundation on your own

On problematic soils, especially those prone to progress, a type of foundation is often used as a support for buildings , as a floating one. It represents a monolithic slab located immediately below the entire area of the house. In the event that a shift occurs, the foundation will move along with the soil and the entire building. As a result, the walls will remain intact.

A floating foundation is also called "slab". In the construction of several types of such foundations under the building: recessed, medium-deep and shallow. In private housing construction, when self-erecting houses, only the last type of slab foundation is used. This is primarily due to the fact that erecting it - a process that is labor-intensive and expensive in terms of money. Experts for the same reason advise private traders to apply such a foundation only for small buildings. So, how to build such a foundation yourself?

First of all, it is necessary to prepare the site. It removes all garbage, uproots bushes, etc. Then make a marking on the entire perimeter of the future building. It is important to ensure that all corners are straight. After this work is done, they begin to dig the foundation pit itself under the floating foundation. Depth of placement depends on the characteristics of the soil on the site. Usually, attention is paid to the level of occurrence of groundwater and the depth of soil freezing. Formwork is installed along the entire perimeter of the pit.

Further, in order to arrange a floating foundation, a layer of sand is interspersed with the gravel on the bottom of the excavation, which will serve as a reinforcing pillow and at the same time drainage. The thickness of the layer depends primarily on the severity of the future walls of the building. Above the sand is poured concrete in 5 cm and waterproofing is mounted. For this, it is necessary to lay the bottom of the foundation pit with a roofing material in two layers in different directions, smearing the seams with bitumen.

Floating foundation, the technology of erection of which is not particularly complicated, must be reinforced. For this, wooden blocks of the same thickness are installed in several places on the waterproofing layer. They will serve as a support for the reinforcing mesh. The latter is made from rods of 10-16 mm. The thickness also depends on the severity of the house. The cell size of the reinforcing mesh is 20 * 20 cm. It is best if it is not welded, but wired. It is again installed bars, and on them - the second same construction. Thus, the future foundation will be reliably reinforced. All you need to do next is to pour concrete with all this construction. The foundation must be carefully leveled from above. Finally, the concrete will ripen a month after pouring. After that, you can mount the waterproofing and walls.

Like any other design, a floating foundation has some drawbacks. First of all, this, as already mentioned above, is its high enough cost. After all, concrete, metal, crushed stone and sand goes to it much more than, say, the same tape or columnar. In addition, labor intensity and a huge amount of work do not allow the construction of such a structure without the use of equipment. It is unlikely that you will be able to dig a foundation pit even for a small building, using only a shovel, not to mention pouring it with concrete.

Therefore, it is first of all necessary to determine the expediency of using under the house such a type of foundation as a floating foundation. The disadvantages of such a support can make it more suitable and correct, for example, to choose a belt or pile structure.

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