How the pyramids were built

Who knows how the pyramids were built? To erect a pyramid, similar to the Egyptian one, is very problematic today. This will require the creation of special equipment. In the Ancient World, only people, their muscular strength, were used for this purpose. Construction took away the strength of the population throughout the country. However, in addition, it should be borne in mind that the Egyptian culture was so developed that not only force but also the mind was used to build the pyramids. In another way, it would be impossible to create what we now call a miracle of the world.

In ancient Egypt, at various times, several grand pyramids were constructed - stone tombs for the gods-pharaohs who lived on earth.

The question of how to build the pyramids, still causes controversy. The largest of them reaches a height of 146 meters. This is the pyramid of Cheops. For its construction it was required about two and a half million monolithic stone blocks, each of which by weight was equal to two and a half tons. On top of the stone monoliths the pyramid was faced with polished slabs.

The age of this pyramid is more than four and a half thousand years. Herodotus wrote that the work on its erection lasted more than twenty years, during which time one hundred thousand people participated in the construction simultaneously. No data on how the Egyptians built pyramids, is not preserved. Apparently, there were no such records at all. However, the mystery of the pyramids worries our contemporaries, that attempts to unravel it do not stop so far. There are more and more new versions.

Scientists and researchers have developed several hypotheses about how to build the pyramids. According to the most common version, blocks of stones were lifted to the top of the pyramids by dragging along inclined sand ramps, which fell to the desired height as construction was completed.

If we assume that the embankments were carried out only on one side of the structure, then the volume of sand used for the construction should equal 10 million cubic meters. The road over the mound was strengthened by flooring from the planks so that the stone blocks did not crash into the sand. Each time, when it was necessary to pour sand on a new height, the flooring was removed and shifted again. In addition, after each rain shower, the sand mound had to be restored due to erosion.

Construction required tremendous efforts from people, which led to the rapid depletion of their forces. Therefore, people working on the pyramids constantly changed.

Another group of researchers considers this hypothesis to be incorrect. In their opinion, the answer to the question of how the Egyptian pyramids were built is still unknown. These researchers believe that the ancient Egyptians, with their knowledge of mathematics, astronomy and other exact sciences, knew a more rational way of lifting weights to a greater height.

The lifting of the blocks could be carried out simultaneously from all sides. For this, wooden frames with struts were installed on each side. Between the racks of these frames were installed thick logs with bronze rods hammered into the ends, which were inserted into the openings of the pillars of the frames. Under the rods were placed bronze semicircular plates. Stone blocks were dragged to the log road with the help of levers. Then he was laid on a wooden sledge attached to a rope of strong fibers. Workers dragged the sleigh to the edge of the already laid part of the pyramid.

Passing the center of gravity through the edge of the pyramid, the unit, along with the sleigh, was in a horizontal position. The rope could be detached from the sleigh and lowered behind the new blocks. To raise one block, it took about 60 people, who only once a day had to climb to the top of the pyramid. Hard work to raise the sled with the blocks, thus, alternated with relatively easy labor to lower the empty sled, which allowed people to remain in service for a longer time. With the building of the pyramids, the frames were rearranged, not completely exploring the construction structure. This version of how the pyramids were built seems more logical. However, this is only a hypothesis. As it was in reality, only those who participated in the construction or were witnesses knew it.