Freight - is the carriage of goods or payment for it?

"Freight" is a word that came in Russian from German. Literally translated as "cargo". Originally had several meanings: the transportation of goods by sea; Payment for it; The transported objects themselves. In our time, the definition of freight is understood much broader. The reason for this phenomenon is that the transportation of goods began to be carried out not only by water.

Freight is a fee for using transport when moving a large batch of goods to certain distances. Such means of transportation can be a lorry, an airplane, a ship and so on. Sea freight is still the most common mode of transportation. It includes not only payment for transportation of passengers and goods, but also in certain cases for loading and delivery to the right place.

Freight is a service that is rendered after the conclusion of the contract. It must be drafted in writing. In this document, details such as cost, place, time of loading and the route of delivery must be agreed. The service is paid more often after the end of transportation. The transportation price may depend on the tariff established by the agreement for one unit of mass or volume, or it may be charged for the use of the whole vehicle or its part. In the latter case, it is a question of lump sum - a fixed amount of payment. Usually it is charged in the event that a diverse product is loaded, the mass and volume of which is difficult to establish.

Payment is determined by agreement of the parties. Freight size, as well as price, is also determined by agreement. If, however, nothing is mentioned about the number of objects transported in the contract, it is determined based on rates that are applied at the place of loading.

The so-called "dead" freight is a payment for the goods that the customer had to show for transportation, but did not do so. In practice, this means that the shipper specified in the contract the number of objects transported, but could not provide them in full. However, from the full payment specified in the document, he is not released.

There is also such a thing as reverse freight. Suppose the goods can not be sent to the port of destination for any reason that does not depend on the carrier. In this case, the cargo is transported back.

Freight of the vessel is paid either at the port of departure, or at the place of delivery, or in parts. However, most often it is done after cargo transportation. After all, the right to receive freight arises from the shipowner at the time of fulfilling the terms of the contract. As a carrier, he carries commercial risks and is fully responsible for the safety of the goods. If the goods were not delivered, then, regardless of the reason for this (for example, the loss of a ship), any obligations given by the client do not entitle the shipowner to receive freight. Terms of payment and the time of their implementation may not coincide due to certain objective reasons. The contract of marine insurance gives the shipowner guarantees to receive compensation. In certain cases, the consignee may become the payer.