Emergencies of a technogenic nature: rules of conduct

In modern society, emergency situations, unfortunately, are not uncommon, and therefore every member of society needs to know how to behave in this or that situation. All emergency situations are divided into two large groups, depending on the origin of the factors that provoked them: natural (eg, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons), man-made (accidents at nuclear power plants, chemical plants, breakthrough dams, etc.) and social ( Terrorist acts, wars, armed conflicts). Emergencies of anthropogenic nature, as a rule, are sufficiently large (from regional to international), lead to serious financial losses, human losses and environmentally unfavorable consequences. That is why it is so important to know the algorithm of actions and, most importantly, not to panic. Let's look at specific examples of some emergencies of a technogenic nature and basic strategies of action.

Accidents on gas and oil pipelines

As a result of damage in the pipeline systems, it is possible to explode or ignite combustible substances with human victims. In addition, there is a leak of harmful substances into the environment , followed by contamination of ecological objects (reservoirs, soil, atmosphere), which, in turn, leads to mass death of plants, animals and people. As a rule, the government is responsible for eliminating the consequences of such accidents. The task of the population is to protect themselves (not to drink water from contaminated sources, etc.)

Accidents at chemical plants

Such accidents are usually caused by explosions or fires. But the main danger lies in the fact that in connection with damage to tanks, a leakage of liquid or gaseous toxic agents occurs. Despite the fact that the elimination of the accident, of course, engaged in specific structures, the population is in immediate danger. You must be evacuated if there was such an order, taking with you documents and a supply of food and water for 1-2 days. In order to protect the respiratory system, use a respirator or a gauze dressing. Depending on the type of poisonous substances, it is effective to impregnate the dressing with appropriate solutions: soda with protection from chlorine, citric acid for protection against ammonia, etc. If chlorine contamination of the atmosphere occurs, take children in the hands during evacuation: chlorine is heavier than air and has the property of falling down. To avoid lacrimation and burns of the mucous eyes, wear glasses that fit tightly to the skin. Spraying a solution of soda in the air will help reduce the concentration of chlorine. If mercury enters the environment, it should be evacuated as quickly as possible, and wash the mucous membranes with manganese.

Accidents at hydraulic structures

Breakthrough dams, dams and other structures threaten the flooding of vast areas and serious human casualties. In this situation, it is necessary, first of all, to evacuate as soon as possible to the nearest elevation and wait for the water level to drop. Leaving the shelter, remember: do not use water from wells at all (dirt could get into it due to an accident), beware of ragged wires entering the building or being near it, remember that due to the wet construction could be washed up and there is a risk Its collapse.

Accidents at radiation plants

Traditionally, these are the most dangerous emergencies of anthropogenic nature, as large areas are quickly and uncontrollably contaminated. You need to urgently leave the infected area in a direction perpendicular to the wind. Try to cover all areas of the body, including mucous membranes. Wear a respirator or gauze bandage. Do not eat food and water.

Accidents at biological and medical enterprises

Such accidents are also extremely dangerous emergencies of anthropogenic nature. Their danger is connected, above all, with the fact that it is difficult to determine the degree of danger. The enterprise may have cultures of dangerous microorganisms, which, in the final analysis, will lead to an epidemic. Depending on the specifics of the company, it may be necessary to evacuate. You must protect all mucous membranes, periodically disinfect them, refrain from ingesting food and water.

Accidents on transport

Not any accident is an emergency situation of anthropogenic nature, only a large one, which can lead to mass casualties: accidents in the metro, on the railway, at sea, on an airplane. To protect against suspected threats, strictly follow the rules of conduct in transport, pay attention to evacuation schemes, stay calm.

Emergency situations of natural and man-made nature are unpredictable situations that require the immediate mobilization of a large number of people. In such situations, the basic rule is not to panic. Keeping calm, analyze the situation and act in accordance with the instructions, if possible, helping those who are near you.