Duration of bleeding: normal and clotting time

Since childhood, we are all familiar with the phenomenon of blood coagulability. Do you remember how you crusted your knee and you saw the formation of a crust? Gradually it withered, became firm and then fell off, exposing the young, pink skin. Someone had the process of baking blood on the wound quickly, but in others, on the contrary, even from a small cut, it could take a very long time. This fact is of interest not only to caring mothers, but also to doctors, for whom the duration of bleeding is very indicative. The norm will be given a little lower, so that next time you will better understand the figures obtained after blood donation.

Briefly about the main

Why is so much attention paid to this fact? Because it directly depends on the recovery of the body after injury. Blood is the most important component that participates in all life processes. Through the formation of clots, the body regulates blood loss. Therefore, it is so important to monitor the level of platelets and other parameters that are responsible for the duration of bleeding. The norm varies slightly, depending on the sex and age, it is not absolute, but physicians have long developed averaged tables that allow us to accurately determine whether the circulatory system is functioning properly for a given person.

Why the blood should collapse

This is an extremely important point. The process of blood clotting helps to heal wounds and prevents significant blood loss. The formation of thrombi occurs under the influence of a protein, which combines platelets into clots, changing the consistency of the liquid to a more viscous, thick and curdled, which perfectly closes the wound formed. Such a metamorphosis has its name - homostasis.

Within each organism, the duration of bleeding is already established. The norm can change during life or even go beyond, that is, turn into a pathology. This process is regulated by the endocrine system. Accordingly, if there is a violation of the work of the organs of internal secretion, then we can expect a malfunction in all functions and systems.

So, in the ordinary state, blood is a fluid substance. Its task is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all tissues. Thrombosis in this case is a process harmful to the body. If the vessel is damaged, the situation changes. In this case, the thrombus prevents loss and shortens the recovery time.

That is, if the vessel is damaged, the biochemistry of the blood changes slightly. There is a formation of substances that contribute to the formation of a thrombus. In other words, platelets disintegrate and thrombin and thromboplastin are formed in parallel. In this chain, fibrinogen is converted to fibrin, which is very similar to a network of threads. They get blood cells and fill the cells. And on how well the body works consistently, the duration of bleeding depends. The norm allows physicians to predict the course of an operation or other intervention. And now we pass directly to the issue of diagnosis.

In what cases are coagulability checked

In fact, laboratory tests should be performed by the therapist on a regular basis so that he has an idea of the state of health of patients assigned to his site. But in most cases, the time of blood coagulation and the duration of bleeding, the norm and pathology, is determined when certain manipulations are necessary, in which excessive blood loss is possible. This preparation for childbirth and preoperative period, treatment of varicose veins and thrombosis, autoimmune diseases, hemorrhoids, chronic bleeding.

Reduced coagulability creates a certain risk of prolonged bleeding, and therefore, causes fear for the life of the patient. For women, there may be a threat even during menstruation. And still there is a terrible disease, called hemophilia. This is the complete or partial absence of proteins that are responsible for clotting of blood. For patients with diabetes mellitus, too, an important indicator is the time of blood clotting and the duration of bleeding. The norm in this case is often understated, but the body is not able to provide even such indicators.

Deviation to the other side

Against the background of what has been said, it may seem that the higher the coagulation index, the better. In fact, the ideal option is the golden mean. The deviation of indicators in the direction of increase is a risk of occurrence of strokes. Too thick blood does not convey to the brain the necessary amount of oxygen and other nutrients. . Against this background, varicose veins and hemorrhoids develop .

Blood test for Sukharev

This examination is not difficult and does not take much time. Blood sampling is performed on an empty stomach. Blood is taken from the finger, this is a feature of this method. Having pierced the skin with a needle, the doctor removes the first drop of blood with a swab, then gains a portion and places it in a special flask that swings. As soon as the blood ceases to flow freely, this is the time of clotting (the duration of bleeding). The norm in this case is 30 to 120 seconds. Until the end of the clotting process should not take more than five minutes. In this way, we can determine the stage when fibrinogen passes into an insoluble form.

The simplest method is Moravica

For this, even special laboratory equipment will not be required. Most importantly, before giving blood, you should not eat. But a glass of water, on the contrary, will increase the effectiveness of the survey. In addition, immediately before donating blood, you can not smoke or drink coffee, and exclude alcohol 2-3 days later.

A drop of blood taken from the finger is applied to the glass. The stopwatch turns on, and every 30 seconds a thin, glass rod is lowered into the blood. As soon as a thin thread of fibrin is drawn behind it, time stops. Today, almost no one can determine the coagulability and duration of bleeding. The norm is 3-5 minutes.

Dooke folding analysis

Today, a comprehensive biochemical examination has practically replaced such methods. However, this method was very revealing. So, the examination on an empty stomach. In this case, earlobe is used. A thin needle is punctured, and every 15-20 seconds a special paper is applied to this place. As soon as traces of blood cease to be imprinted on it, the experiment is considered complete. How is the duration of Duke bleeding estimated? The norm is 60 to 180 seconds.

Features of the child's body

Usually, even in the hospital, doctors take the first blood samples in order to exclude the possibility of hemophilia, and also to be ready if suddenly postpartum complications occur, and they will have to deal with the crumb immediately. In this case, it is very important to know the duration of bleeding. The norm in children is from 4 to 9 minutes, this time from the beginning of the appearance of blood from the wound and to the appearance of a fibrin clot. In this case, the capillary bleeding should stop completely in less than 4 minutes. Any deviation from these indicators is an occasion for further investigation.