"Dopamine" is what? "Dopamine": instructions, application, prices

The drug "Dopamine" looks like a crystalline powder of a white hue with a barely perceptible odor of hydrochloric acid. This form is in the form of a hydrochloride. "Dopamine" is a substance soluble in water and alcohol. It is subject to the influence of alkalis, various oxidants and iron salts. Indications and contraindications to the use of the drug "Dopamine", instructions for its use are posted in our publication.

The product is available as a concentrate for the infusion solution.

Pharmacological characteristics

"Dopamine" is a neurotransmitter substance. According to its metabolic properties, dopamine is a precursor of epinephrine and norepinephrine. The drug affects the corresponding receptors, and in a large concentration enhances the work of α- and β-adrenergic receptors. The work of Dopamine is aimed at:

• Increased resistance of peripheral vessels;
• Increased systolic blood pressure;
• Stimulation of cardiac contractions;
• Increased cardiac output;
• Slight changes in heart rate;
• Significant provision of oxygen.

"Dopamine" also increases blood flow in the vessels of the brain, heart, kidneys and intestines. Increases glomerular filtration and excretion of sodium in the kidneys.

"Dopamine" is a high-speed drug. After 5-10 minutes after IV infusion, the action ends. The half-life is approximately two minutes. Half of the substance interacts with the protein in the blood plasma. The drug passes the process of rapid metabolism in the kidneys, liver and blood plasma due to the influence of MAO and catechol-O-methyltransferase to the state of inactive metabolites and is actively produced by the kidneys. A quarter of the dose used is converted to norepinephrine in adrenergic nerve processes. Due to active elimination, there is no accumulation of the drug in the human body, even after a long reception time.

Dopamine: application

Indications for admission:

• Various types of shock, including traumatic, cardiogenic, postoperative, hypovolemic, endotoxic.
• Acute vascular and heart failure.
• Low cardiac output.

"Dopamine" with cardiogenic shock is especially needed, it increases the contractile function of the myocardium.

The drug is administered intravenously drip. 125 or 400 ml of a 5% solution of glucose or a solution of sodium chloride are necessary for 25 or 200 mg respectively. Thus, in 1 ml of the solution, 200 or 500 mg of the substance will be obtained. If the patient can not enter large volumes of fluid, a more concentrated solution can be made so that in 800 ml of Dopamine in 1 ml. To do this, take 200 mg per 250 ml of solutions. The rate of administration reaches 1-4 μg / kg per minute for an average body weight of 70 kg (from 2 to 11 drops of 0.05% solution or from 1.5 to 6 drops of 0.08% solution). Therapeutic dosage is from 5 to 9 μg / kg per 1 min. Dosage "Dopamine" 10-15 mg / kg per minute is applicable for vasodilation, as well as arterial hypotension. The rate of administration can be increased to 18 mg / kg per minute. Infusion takes place without a break and is calculated for a period of 2-3 hours to 1-4 days and longer. The dose per day does not exceed 800 mg. With the introduction of "Dopamine" ECG monitoring is carried out. Determination of the dose and rate of administration occurs according to the level of blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, heart rate and diuresis. If arterial hypotension did not occur, and diuresis decreased, the dose should be lowered.

Contraindications

The drug is contraindicated in case of problems such as:

• arrhythmia;
• Pheochromocytoma;
• Hypertrophy of the prostate;
• Angle-closure glaucoma.

Side effects

Administration of the substance in large doses, a high level of "Dopamine" can cause side effects, among which:

• tremor;
• tachycardia;
• Spasm of blood vessels;
• arrhythmia;
• Violation of respiratory rhythm;
• Anginal and headache;
• Psychomotor agitation ;
• Other manifestations of adrenomimetic action.

Since the elimination of "Dopamine" is active, the above manifestations disappear if the dose is lowered or the drug is discontinued. If the rhythm is disturbed, antiarrhythmic drugs should be used, among them "Verapamil", "Lidocaine" and others. Extravasation of the "Dopamine" solution can lead to necrosis of the subcutaneous fat and the skin itself.

special instructions

"Dopamine" during pregnancy can be prescribed only when treatment is strictly necessary for the mother, and the therapeutic effect is higher than the risk for the fetus.

Fresh solution should have a transparent consistency and absence of extraneous shade.

Simultaneous reception with other drugs

The drug can be taken in parallel with cardiac glycosides and diuretics (for example, furosemide and others). Hypovolemic shock requires the introduction of "Dopamine" along with whole blood, plasma or plasma substitutes.

Do not take "Dopamine" at one time with "Cyclopropane", MAO inhibitors and anesthesia with halogen ("Ftorotan" and others).

Solutions of the drug should not be mixed with alkaline solutions of other drugs.

"Dopamine" is a medication that is used only as directed by a doctor. Its price depends on the dosage and the number of ampoules in the package and is from 80 to 300 rubles per pack (5-10 ampoules).