ComputersInformation Technology

Data transmission over Ethernet with wires and without wires

Data transmission over the network includes a set of communication devices that are combined by data channels, switched by devices and provide messaging between all end devices.

Between personal computers, for example, data transmission is irregular and conducted according to the requests of people working for the PC. Devices can remain silent for a long time, working autonomously (data transmission is not carried out at this time), and then send somewhere a message or document. With a low-speed telephone channel, this file will be transmitted for several minutes, and this often causes irritation among users. To eliminate such inconveniences, a network was developed that uses a common high-speed cable for all devices. We will not touch on the technical details here, but let's just say that such a network can be represented in the form of interconnected computers, each of which monitors the channel. In the case of transfer, computers recognize it at the address, and the one to which it is addressed, receives the information. If it is necessary to send a specific subscriber should wait for the release of the channel, and then start the transfer. If it happens that two users try to occupy the line at the same time, after a short time they try again for a short time, until one of them overtakes the other. You can use the computer that has shared the channel to use it at full speed and in full. This is a fairly efficient algorithm of operation, in which data transmission is fast and reliable.

As you probably already guessed, the type of this network is called Ethernet. These types of communications are applied in a small area, for example, within a single building. So this is a local kind of connection. The Ethernet network is standardized at the international level and has occupied almost the entire world market in its segment.

Radio-Ethernet was developed quite recently. This is a new standard, and it has two uses. First, it is a wireless local area network within the walls of a single building or on the premises of an enterprise. It solves the problem of "limited mobility" within the organization - all employees have high-quality access to the network. Secondly, Radio-Ethernet allows you to solve the problem of connecting to a large network of subscribers, while the transfer of personal data is carried out bypassing the problem of the last mile. The term "last mile" is used when determining the possibility of a connection between a subscriber and the closest node to it in a "large network". The distance in reality can be from several meters to 20-30 kilometers.

It is impractical for each subscriber to bring a point-to-point radio channel, because in this case, for technological reasons, the channel will be expensive, and the information will be pumped slowly. So it is much more efficient to arrange a point-to-multipoint channel and to provide it to several subscribers. These subscribers can use it in a collision mode, like a local Ethernet network. This solution was invented and developed quite recently, and it is compatible with a conventional Ethernet cable. Radio-Ethernet recently received the standard of the International Committee of IEEE, and it provides technical stability in operational work.

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