Education, The science
Coronal holes on a star named Sun
Coronal holes are special areas on the surface of the Sun in the sphere of its corona, which arise due to disturbances of natural processes inside the star. In these places, the temperature and density of the surface decrease.
Coronal holes appear during the low peak of solar activity. They are formed, as a rule, at the poles and are associated with the ejection of pieces of plasma into outer space. The radiation flux always precedes the formation of a hole. These phenomena are fixed on the Earth with the help of radio telescopes.
Coronal hole in the Sun: what threatens the planet and humanity
As soon as violations are fixed in the solar corona, one should expect an increase in electromagnetic activity on Earth. This is due to the fact that before the appearance of a hole in space, radioactive energy was released, which moves to all the planets of our system. This worsens the well-being of meteodependent people and affects the climate.
Northern Lights
Coronal holes are the cause of the aurora borealis. This is due to the effect of plasma on the atmosphere and the magnetic field of our planet. In the northern latitudes there is a pole around which energy is concentrated.
She, passing through the atmosphere, leads to the formation of bright flashes. They are called the northern lights. They are always associated with increased magnetic activity of the Sun or the Earth and often arise as a reaction to the effect of radiation.
Life of the Sun
The sun is a star, inside of which thermonuclear reactions constantly occur. Their essence lies in the fact that hydrogen and its isotopes are burned, and helium is formed during the reaction. Then it burns, too, forming heavier elements. The star itself lives only at the expense of these reactions. They occur with a giant heat release and act continuously.
The life of the Sun will be what it is now, only while it has hydrogen reserves. Once it is over, there will be a collapse that will gradually reduce the volume of the star and weaken its power. The process of transformation of helium into heavier substances will begin, until the death of the star.
Coronal holes are a violation of natural processes on the Sun under the influence of strong electromagnetic activity. It can be caused by a reaction to external and internal stimuli.
For example, the solar system passes through a zone of increased radioactivity in our galaxy and this is considered an external stimulus. Internal causes are associated with the completion of the work of one solar cycle and the beginning of another.
Difficulties of observation
Observation of the Sun is very difficult. The proximity of the star to our planet creates difficulties for studying many processes because of the brightness and brilliance that prevents them from watching.
Astronomers still do not know much about this phenomenon, like coronal holes. The main reason is that behind the Sun, as already indicated, it is difficult to observe
Therefore, it is not easy to fix the appearance of a coronal hole. In the 70-ies. In the orbit of our planet, a coronagraph was installed - a device for observing the Sun. He had to fix the formation of new holes.
The coronagraph is made in such a way that it is possible to look at the star without risk for sight.
But also this device does not give an opportunity of stable observation of the surface of the luminary. Therefore, at the time of the outbreak, it is not always possible to establish whether the radiation is moving toward the Earth, or it is directed away from it. These data become known as the mass separating from the sun approaches the coronagraph.
Periodicity of hole formation
It is believed that holes are formed with a frequency of once every two weeks. Most often this is a natural process associated with a change in the phases of the work of the Sun. However, these stages can not be established, so there are no exact predictions about the time and location of new holes.
It is obvious that the coronal hole on the Sun is electromagnetic in nature. It is formed next to the magnetic poles of the star. Through invisible communication channels, the sun's field connects with the earth's. There is a transfer of information from one object to another. As a result, the magnetosphere of our planet is excited.
Observations of scientists
It is very important for scientists to learn how to predict the time of appearance of coronal holes, the speed and direction of the movement of solar flares. This will provide information about the weather on our planet, problems with the radioactive background, prepare for these phenomena.
Recent observations show that a huge coronal hole appeared on the Sun. What consequences it will bring to the Earthlings is still unknown. It remains only to monitor new outbreaks and to observe how they affect the health and behavior of people.
To learn more about the huge coronal hole, you need to track the cycles of the star's work, you need to analyze the external environment, improve the instruments that explore the sun.
Science develops, so over the years all this information will be obtained, while these studies are the work of future generations.
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