Closed heating system - the device and the principle of operation

Closed heating system - this is one of the two main types of systems, in which the movement of the coolant is carried out by means of a special circulation pump, that is, forced. Another of the characteristic features of this type of heating is the presence of a closed expansion tank, also called membrane.

Device

One-pipe closed heating system in its design has several design details:

• Boiler.
• Circulation pump.
• Heating radiators (batteries).
• Pipeline.
• Membrane expansion tank.

Operating principle

There is a closed heating system as follows. After one of the main devices (boiler) heats the coolant, the volume of liquid in the system will increase, which then will pass into the expansion tank. In this tank there is a special rubber membrane, and the container itself resembles a capsule in its form. Conditionally the expansion tank can be divided into two parts, one of which is a water chamber (into which excess water is generated), and the second is air (it is filled with nitrogen, while the entire system is under certain pressure). It is worth noting that the closed heating system (the scheme of its operation principle is indicated in the second photo) has the property to return that water that got into the tank when the device is heated. It enters the radiators using a circulation pump. And only when there is not enough liquid in the pipes. In order to exclude the possibility of gassing water and returns back from the expansion tank to the boiler and its subsequent elements. At the same time, as a coolant, the device supports both antifreeze and ordinary water.

Advantages and disadvantages

One of the main features of a closed heating system is its complete isolation from the external environment. Thus, penetration of any air into the device is completely excluded. And this prolongs the life of the whole heating system (the pump does not suffer so much by "swallowing" the air in itself, there is no corrosion that could be caused by the formation of bubbles inside the pipeline). In addition, due to the presence of the expansion tank, you can not monitor the level of the remaining water in the radiators. The tank, when the boiler is heated, absorbs water, and then, when cooled, returns it back. Due to this, no formation of gases or evaporation of water occurs inside the system. Also this type of heating is useful in that it has the ability to control and adjust the temperature in different room rooms. However, this is only realistic if there is a circulation pump in the system. It is best to work with a room thermostat, so that you can completely control the level of the set temperature. Among the shortcomings, the only, perhaps, minus is the dependence of this system on electrical energy. However, it can hardly be called a minus.