What is a house built from? Construction Materials

Each house expresses the individual taste of the owners. There are fans of brick walls, someone dreams of a rural five-walled house, for some, the construction of a real stone fortress becomes the meaning of all life. The choice of materials, that is, of what the house is built of, will determine the entire course of construction.

Houses made of stone

The construction of houses made of stone implies an extensive range of building materials. The notion of "stone houses" includes buildings made of natural stones, such as shell rock, tuff; Ceramic and silicate bricks; Gas silicate expanded clay and concrete blocks, artificial bricks or stones. The choice of such materials is based on many years of experience in their use and tests, which confirm the protective and strength properties of stone houses. But there are drawbacks in these buildings, because for living in them, necessarily some kind of heating system, a reliable foundation for a huge mass of construction.

Fake diamond

Excellent reduce the enormous weight of the construction of perforated bricks, expanded clay and arbolite. Using artificial stone gradually replaces expensive and heavy bricks. Porous inexpensive material is widely used in the construction of low-rise suburban housing. Carefully selected building materials will reduce material costs, provide comfort and durability of the building. The reliability of the stone has been tested for centuries - it was used by our ancestors to erect castles.

Brick - a universal material

The most demanded material was and will be brick. For the construction use silicate bricks, which are made of calc-sand mixtures, and ceramic, made of clay by burning it (with different additives). For silicate bricks, good resistance to cold and noise insulation are characteristic, but the material is afraid of moisture and fire. It is not used in building foundations, furnaces, etc. Silicate bricks are an excellent material for walls, bridges, but a large number of them creates a problem of slow heating and cooling, so the house needs a good heating and ventilation system.

Material Features

Typical for ceramic ordinary brick are strength, resistance to moisture and wear. It is produced hollow and solid, used in the construction of foundations, walls, partitions, fences. Facing bricks are used to decorate walls and other surfaces. But such a brick requires a high quality mortar for adhesion. Houses made of bricks have a long service life. Ceramic bricks well withstand moisture, but their houses, like all heavy structures, require high-quality heating, ventilation and, possibly, additional facade cladding, since this material often differs in color.

So, this material is universal, durable, reliable. And most importantly - it's easy to work with.

House of blocks

Also from the construction materials are made building materials in the form of wall panels, cinder blocks, foundation and honeycomb blocks. The latter are subdivided into aerated concrete, gas silicate and foam concrete blocks, which differ in composition and manufacturing method. Houses made of foam blocks are popular because of the low cost and noticeable ease of erection. These are large bricks, as if stuffed inside by a large number of hollow tubes passing through them. This helps to reduce the weight of products and improve the thermal insulation properties of the brick. In aerated concrete such pores are the same size, and in foam concrete - different.

Aerated concrete blocks have high mechanical and physical properties, do not shrink, but are very hygroscopic (unlike foam concrete ones). Concrete blocks are used in the construction of private houses. Various fillers used in the process of casting blocks, change the density and weight of products. As fillers are used ash, gravel, sand. The denser the blocks, the greater the protection against noise. Concrete wall blocks are not rotted, they keep the heat perfectly, but they must be installed correctly. In some areas, additional insulation is necessary. Therefore, single wall masonry will require the use of a waterproof coating. This cheap material for building a house is distinguished by its durability, good thermal insulation properties and structural reliability. In addition to tangible savings, the blocks allow the use of hollow tunnels inside products for laying wires and plumbing pipes. Building materials can surprise with another novelty - polystyrene concrete, which has excellent structural and thermal insulation properties. The walls created from these blocks do not need waterproofing and insulation, do not require expensive finishing of the facade. Strength, plasticity, resistance to combustion and environmental friendliness of the material make it indispensable in construction.

House made of wood

For wooden structures, the characteristic features are the simplicity of construction and a special healthy microclimate that creates natural materials. When constructing houses, they use mainly logs and glued beams, from which large, eco-friendly private estates are obtained. Building a house from a bar today is very expensive. The material consists of a wooden massif and glue, it requires professional assistance when laying, but in return provides long-term trouble-free operation and excellent heat-saving qualities. For the production of rounded logs , a forest with a diameter of 0.18 m to 0.26 m is massively used, which is passed through the machine, scraping the surface strictly in size. This treatment often suffers a protective layer. What is the building of a house in expensive settlements? Usually glued and profiled bar, round bar, frame and panel structures are used. But real, chopped huts, made by carpenters by hand, can not be found. It is most appropriate to use logs of pine, spruce, larch and other varieties of softwood that are chopped by hand. Log houses are characterized by low thermal conductivity, which allows you to maintain comfortable conditions at any time of the year. The natural self-regulating water absorption of wood and the positive effect of resins are excellent for human health. In such a house, interior finishing is not at all necessary. Wood arrays are rotting and easily burn, but good quality of the material minimizes such impacts.

Prefabricated houses

Sandwich panels, panel-panel or supporting prefabricated frames, which are filled with mineral heaters or glass wool and are covered with various materials, are now quite popular construction methods. The houses are built with the use of Finnish, American, Canadian technology, which differ in the types of frame structures and methods of assembly. Wooden and metal materials for building a frame house are inexpensive, they quickly turn into ready-made housing, in just two or three months. These light buildings do not need a grandiose foundation, for its erection usually use simple columnar, tape or reinforced concrete slabs. But during construction it is necessary to treat attentively the works aimed at protection from moisture, insulation and vapor barrier. In areas with a drier climate it is better to use wood panels, in wet conditions, metal panels and metal profiles are preferable. Frame structures are the best material for building a house because the condition of soils does not play a big role on the site, and the possibility of external siding design helps to create any facade design. The cost of building such a structure is much lower than the erection of stone or concrete houses.

Which project is best for building your own house?

Now they are building in two ways. The use of the so-called wet method involves a masonry bonded with a special mortar - a brick or block masonry, a monolithic pouring. The dry method collects prefabricated structures from various shapes and sizes of elements. As a result, they receive housing suitable for different climatic conditions. For the construction of heavy houses, more places are required, and for frame buildings only a place for future construction is needed and a small area for compactly packaged elements of the kit.

Heavy houses can be built for any project. Including the individual, for which the calculation of materials for the construction of the house will do in any project organization. Easy housing is built on ready-made designs of collapsible structures, which are purchased simultaneously with the kit for construction. But an individual project is possible in this case. However, then the costs for the erection of the building will increase significantly. What can be done from all of the above conclusion? Only when you are determined whether you will have a heavy building on site or a lightweight prefabricated structure, you can select materials exactly. What to base on when choosing the one from which to build a house in this or that case, we will tell further.

Which material is better for building your own house?

To choose the materials for building your own house you need to consider:

- Climate and soil conditions.

- Design and design solution at home.

- Availability or absence of inexpensive or special local materials for construction.

- Mechanical and physical properties of building materials, prices for them.

Difficulties in choosing

Traditionally, in the area with cold winters, they are built from a wooden massif, ceramic bricks, gas silicate, expanded clay blocks. A large number of sunny hot days requires masonry, including from artificial material - cellular concrete blocks, shell rock, tuff, wood, any materials that can withstand the temperature. The construction of grand houses is carried out using bricks, cast-in-situ concrete casting, natural stone, etc. The choice of materials is related to the structure of the area where construction will take place. You should take into account your own financial capabilities, which can significantly affect the duration of work. The design project also offers certain materials for realization. If the proposed last suit the customer, then it is enough just to purchase them. The choice of material, of course, is associated with many components, but it is worth paying attention to the fact that the house is built for life, and therefore approach the issue responsibly.

Instead of concluding

If you decide to build a house, you need to carefully think over all the little things. The choice of building materials depends on the durability, reliability of the house, comfort and coziness in it. Consider the climate in which you live, material possibilities, personal tastes. Here, perhaps, briefly and everything. Now you know what the house is made of.