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Chereshnya Leningrad black: description, reviews. Cherry Leningradskaya black: planting and care

Cherries are known even before our era. Then they grew up in Greece. Then the area of their distribution expanded to Western and Central Europe. But for a long time the sweet cherry was a southern tree, which could not stand even the slightest frosts. In the last century, breeders brought out several frost-resistant varieties. One of them is Cherry Leningradskaya black.

Variety description

She has beautiful everything, from delicate flowers and ending with a tall dark gray trunk. But enjoys the deserved popularity of sweet cherries primarily because of early ripening delicious fruit.

Cherry class Leningrad black was brought out at the Pavlovsk experimental station at the end of the last century. Its main difference is high frost resistance.

A tree of this sort of medium height with a wide sprawling crown. The number of leaves is not very large. Cherenia Leningrad black is a very fruitful variety. The number of fruits depends largely on the age of the tree, care and weather conditions. But usually from 30 to 40 kilograms gives cherry Leningrad black.

Description of the fruit indicates that they are round, cordate. The weight of each is medium: from 3.4 to 5 g. The color of the skin is dark cherry, when ripe it is almost black. Hence the name. The flesh is also dark, fibrous, juicy, sweet, slightly sour, with slight bitterness, which is inherent in almost all cherries. Experts estimate its taste qualities at 4,0-4,2 points. Fruit easily breaks from the petiole.

Cherenia Leningradskaya black begins to bear fruit for the third or fourth year after planting. A tree with an average maturity period. In the south of the Black Earth this is the middle of June. In more northern regions, this occurs a little later. Berries do not fall off, hang on the tree until September, without changing the taste. For this is also valued cherry Leningrad black.

Pollinators

Unfortunately, it is a self-fruit tree. It will blossom, but it will not yield. To get the berries, you need to plant next cherries another kind. At the same time, it should bloom at about the same time as the black cherry in Leningrad. Pollinators have the same brand: Leningrad yellow and Leningrad pink.

Good pollinators for her will be Fatezh, Chermashny or Red dense. There is an opinion that the pollinator for cherry can be cherry, although they are usually not perepylyaetsya.

Frost resistance

One of the qualities for which cherry Leningrad black is prized is winter hardiness. But still it can freeze, especially at a young age. Reviews recommend mulching the near-range circle with horse manure. Of course, if you can get it.

The young wood stub is recommended to wrap with special covering material or to adapt for this old nylon stockings. The main condition: it is necessary that the shelter let in air and moisture.

In early spring, the trunk is treated with a solution of hydrated lime. It protects the bark from sunburn and destroys pathogens and small pests.

For protection from the sun, you can use the same stockings. And wrap them better, as much of the stem and branches as possible.

Chereshnya Leningrad black grows well in the south of the Non-Black Earth Region and throughout the Central Black Earth region.

Place for planting

Sweet cherry prefers sandy loamy or loamy soils with neutral acidity pH 6.5-7.0. A prerequisite for obtaining a decent harvest is the correct landing site. Cherenia Leningrad black likes to grow in a well-lit place. In the shade, it stretches upward, there will be few fruits, and even those - unsweetened. It will be difficult to get them, because the trunk will be thin and flexible, the branches are located at a great distance from each other. Given the tendency of the young cherry to freeze, it is better to plant it before the construction on the south side.

Groundwater should approach the level of the surface to a depth of one and a half meters or more. If it is smaller, then the cherry must be planted on a hill or to make drainage. Stagnation of water in the root system can lead to the death of cherry tree Leningradskaya black.

Planting and care

Cherries with a bare root system planted in early spring, plants in containers - until October. The root cervix (site of grafting) after planting should be 5-7 cm above the ground. The branches can be cut right away for proper crown formation. But the roots of the sweet cherry during planting are not cut off, only leveled.

The area occupied by the root system of the tree is 12 square meters.

Water the cherries once a week, but in two batches: a bucket of water in the morning and evening for one adult tree. It is especially important to do this in May and June. At this time, not only the fruits are poured, but the foundation of the future crop is laid - the flower buds for the next year. Therefore, a shortage of moisture will be reflected both in the current and next year.

In July, when the cherry Leningrad black ripens, the opinions are advised not to water, so that the fruits do not crack. In addition, the growth of young shoots may begin, which will weaken the tree. Return to watering will be necessary in the autumn, if the land by this time will be dry. This will help cherries cherish.

In areas with a close groundwater table water should be watered so that the water does not stagnate.

The near-barrel circle near the sweet cherry should always be kept clean from weeds and loosened there the soil. So that it does not overcame, you can separate it with a curb tape.

It is necessary to remove all root processes that are formed in spring and summer.

Trimming

Strong pruning does not need cherry Leningrad black. The description of the variety indicates that this tree is a medium growth force. The one-year-old is trimmed at a level of 1 meter when planting.

In early spring, an annual pruning is carried out, leaving no stumps (on the ring). Clean branches that bend low to the ground, old and broken. Cut out vertically arranged, as well as those that rub against each other. Weak and uneven shoots completely remove. Form the crown so that it is well lit and spread out. This will allow the fruits to be well illuminated by the sun and will facilitate harvesting. Cut and tops, which were formed on the site of last year's pruning. But if necessary, they can also form a fruit-bearing branch.

To remove at a time you need not more than a fourth part of the mass of branches.

In August very strong young shoots are shortened by 15 cm. After that they become thicker and better tolerate winter frosts.

If the growth of young branches in an adult tree is reduced to 20 cm, they are cut off for two or three years, thus rejuvenating the crown.

Fertilizer

The amount of fertilizer for planting and further care depends largely on the quality of the soil. If it is fertilized, it can be fed every three to four years. On weak grounds, it is carried out every year.

In the pit for planting lay humus or compost, superphosphate and potassium chloride.

In the following years, nitrogen fertilizers are introduced in the spring, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are added in the autumn.

Organics are brought in spring or autumn.

In autumn, nitrogen is not added, so as not to provoke the growth of stems, which in winter will still freeze.

Rationing of crops

Every gardener who grew young trees knows how you want to see the fruits of a new variety as soon as possible. But you do not need to hurry with this. The main task is to get a strong healthy tree. And then to regale himself with his sweet, sweet fruits.

If the tree planted by you bloomed in the first year, it is better to remove all the buds. Do not raise your hand? Well, if it is strong and develops well, you can leave about a fifth of the flowers formed. There is no guarantee that at least one berry will ripen, but there is still a chance.

Subsequently, in the spring, if possible, cut half of the ovaries formed (not flowers!). This will get large and tasty fruit. And the load on the tree will be less. Usually the sweet cherry in the middle band fructifies in a year. If you normalize the number of fruits, then the next year it can give a decent harvest.

Diseases and pests

What else is valued cherry Leningrad black? Comments gardeners testify that it is slightly affected by disease. She has few wreckers. In winter they are hares and mice. Protect from them the bark will help the same stockings or a special mesh from rodents.

Young shoots affect aphids, which leads to their drying. How to understand that this black pest is affected by this pest? Description of affected shoots: leaves twisted, sticky, unnaturally shiny. If you do not fight it, shoots wither. Destroy it the easiest way with the Trichogram. These little insects, launched into the garden in the spring, find and destroy the aphids themselves. You can spray the tree with various poisons, including "Agrophyte" and "Fitoverm" (on a natural basis).

Benefit

Fruits of sweet cherry Leningrad black have in their composition a lot of useful substances. It is a whole series of vitamins, pectins, ascorbic acid, carotene, flavonoids, sugars, microelements.

Using:

  • Kidney treatment;
  • Strengthening of the walls of blood vessels;
  • Increased hemoglobin levels;
  • Treatment of anemia;
  • Prevention of atherosclerosis;
  • Normalizes the pressure;
  • Dilutes blood so that blood clots do not form;
  • Anaesthetizes with rheumatism, arthritis;
  • Juice stimulates digestion;
  • The broth of peduncles helps in the treatment of neuroses and improves the activity of the heart.

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