Cash register machine: application and operation

Today, all organizations and individual entrepreneurs who accept payment in cash or with the help of bank cards are required to purchase a CCP.

The use of cash registers is conditioned by the fact that the state seeks to control the timely receipt of proceeds. CCP is subject to mandatory fiscalization in the Federal Tax Service at the place of registration of the owner.

Control and cash technology. General provisions, types

Any cash register includes the following blocks:

• Fiscal memory. The stationary scheme, designed to store the following information: the amounts that were pierced for the work shift; Returns made for a shift; Data of the owner of the CCP; Characteristics of CCP. The capacity of fiscal memory depends on the model, but it is at least 2000 records.
• EKLZ. A removable element that captures all the wiring. To be replaced every 13 months. Correction of data in the EKLZ is illegal and takes place as a financial fraud.

The cash register machine is acquired independently by the organization or an individual entrepreneur.

Apparatus according to the functional divide into autonomous CMC and fiscal registrars.

Stand-alone CCM

For the full-fledged operation of an autonomous CMC, the owner only needs to periodically charge it. The device is both a device for both input and output of information, as it is completed with a keyboard. The amount that has been entered is broken. From the minuses - the lack of a list of purchased goods in the check. From pluses - work in an independent mode without a binding to the trading software. Topical are such devices for operators who work on the road (for example, charge payments for utility and other services from the public) or do not have automation at the point of sale. The autonomous cash registers are now represented by models: Mercury 115K, Mercury 130K, Mercury 180K, Elves Micro-K (version 01), AMC 100K (additionally equipped with a metal cash box for 5 cells for banknotes ) etc.

Fiscal registrar

In contrast to autonomous devices, fiscal recorders are able to work only as an output device - there are no buttons with which you can enter the necessary information. The data is delivered via the communication channel.

They are connected to the automation system with the installed software for trading. In fact, this type of equipment is a printer printing checks, equipped with fiscal memory and EKLZ. By popularity, the brands "Shtrih" and "Atol" are among the leading manufacturers.

Fiscalization

All CCP models are subject to mandatory fiscalization. This is a set of actions that includes setting up, registering, starting up the device and ensuring its full functioning in the regime necessary for the tax authority. This applies to payment terminals that accept cash. The operation of cash registers installed in such terminals is different from the usual. In most cases, owners of existing terminals install print-out kits on their printers, with the help of which they "tie" EKLZ and conduct fiscalization.

This was avoided only by banking terminals (provided that banks own / rent the place where the equipment functions).

Without fiscalization, the beginning of work on the cash register is impossible. After it is carried out, it is possible to knock out checks that will contain the following information:

• The name of the organization / individual entrepreneur;
• TIN of the organization / individual entrepreneur;
• CKT serial number;
• Confirmation of fiscal regime;
• Time of purchase and date in the form of dd. Mm. Years;
• check number.

These are mandatory signs of a valid check, optionally the owner of the CCP can place on the check the information that it considers necessary.

Exploitation

The modern cash register machine uses a check thermo tape at work. Due to the sensitive layer that is included in its composition, all the necessary information is "burned out" with the help of a thermal head. This method is good because additional consumables are not required, but there is one disadvantage: checks printed using a thermolayer, capricious in storage - do not tolerate direct sunlight and high humidity.

Work on stand-alone CMCs is specific (opening / closing shifts, checks, reporting), so the rules of operation of cash registers are told by TEC staff immediately when the equipment is initially set up.

If we take general provisions, the rules for working at the CMC are as follows:

1. The technician should be located by the cashier-operator so that the buyer could see, what sum breaks through.
2. The cashier-operator before the beginning of the working day should check the technician for serviceability and determine the correctness of all settings (time, filling of the tape, etc.).
3. When making a purchase, the cashier-operator first clearly names the customer the amount, after which he takes the money and then punches the check. The latter is given to the client along with the delivery (if any). Money for a purchase is put in a cash box.
4. When returning paid products under the supervision of the administrator and when presenting the check, the money is returned to the client. The check remains in the checkout. On it at the end of the shift an act of return is drawn up.
5. At the end of the working shift, the cashier-operator issues the proceeds and the report to the administrator or the senior cashier. All indications are recorded in the cashier-operator's book.

More complete model rules for the operation of cash registers can be studied in document No. 104 dated August 30, 1993, approved by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

Prospects

In 2016, the configuration of the CCP, their maintenance and price may change due to the innovations described in Order No. 431 of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan on October 13, 2014. The bottom line is that already customary CCTV models must necessarily be equipped with modules that allow data transfer to the processing centers via GPRS / GSM, Ethernet in real time. Will undergo changes as an autonomous cash register machine, as well as a fiscal registrar. However, those who will have time to purchase and register the cash desk before the end of the 2015 working year will work according to the old scheme until the end of the equipment operation period (7 years).