Bureaucratization is the process of detaching the managerial apparatus from the needs of society. Features

Bureaucracy is a word that can often be heard in relation to power structures. But the meaning of this concept is not known to everyone.

general information

Bureaucratization is a property of an organization, or rather, of its management system. In what way is this expressed? When talking about a bureaucratic apparatus, from a technical point of view they mean a highly specialized organization or hierarchy in which property, responsibility, human thought and professional competition are collectivized. This is a gradual evolution toward a narrow focus of specialists. Bureaucratization is a process in which it is envisaged to oust "universal" people who can catch the interconnections between different directions and themes of work. In their place come narrow specialists who are not able to remove the contradiction between the ultimate goal and means, as well as not working to achieve it. When there is no evolutionary competition and a certain critical level of the division of labor is exceeded, the effectiveness of the organization can fall to very low rates. The main principle is not the logic of action, but stability and tranquility. Directly productive activity is replaced by its imitation, and all forces go on creating an impression of existing well-being.

State bureaucratization

This is a real scourge of modern times. When the principles of excessive centralization of executive power are applied, this peculiar "disease" arises. In such cases, one can observe the situation when the control apparatus is unreasonably expanding and begins to generate work for itself. Officials often work purely formally, since they hold positions for the most part for their own selfish and personal interests. The Soviet Union can be cited as an example of irrepressible growth. As of 1936 there were only 18 people's commissars. In 1940, their number increased to 40. In the early 70's, the central apparatus numbered more than 60 departments and ministries. In the mid-80's, their number was about 100. It should be noted that during this period the population has increased approximately two-fold. But the number of managing structures is fivefold.

Are there any problems with the market?

When bureaucratization is mentioned, this implies the activity of state structures. But is the private sector of enterprises vulnerable to such negative influence? Yes, this is typical of large companies. The reason for this development was the fact that enterprises constantly increase the number of employed people. As a result, they are becoming more difficult to manage, more time is spent executing decisions, and companies are less likely to support innovation. The selection of people for positions is not carried out on the basis of their professionalism and practical skills, but with the use of formal criteria, which can be education and work experience. Bureaucratization of the organization leads to the fact that the possibility of free initiative disappears. In addition, employees, as a rule, impose reports, which reduces their effectiveness and kills the joy of labor.

Differences

Let's see how the state bureaucracy differs from private bureaucracy. Confrontation between these images of thinking can be shown on the example of public and private ownership of the means of production. So, the state bureaucracy can not worry about its situation. In a certain territory, it is the absolute master, and no one will compete with it. With a private entrepreneur, everything is different. When he has the means of production, he must use them in such a way as to make a profit (which means satisfying the existing demand). If the entrepreneur does not achieve this goal, then he will incur losses and eventually he will be forced out of the market by more successful competitors. In this case, a person will have to be re-qualified as a hired worker.

Calculation

It is used to check everything with maximum accuracy. Entrepreneurs use the calculation of losses and profits to see what the effect of a specific transaction in the overall picture of the company. Ultimately, it allows even the most complex and large firms to accurately establish the results that have been achieved by individual units. From this follows the possibility of judgments about their contribution to the overall success of the enterprise. Based on the information received, it is possible to make decisions about premiums, increase of wages. But it should be understood that precise control has its limits. So, due to accounting it is extremely difficult, and in most cases it is impossible to say about the success or failure of the activity of an individual. Relatively accurately, it is also possible to assess the influence of department heads. If we return to the topic of bureaucratization of officials, it should be noted that in this case, only subjective decisions can be taken (it is bad / good).

Features

But there is one social process where the control apparatus can be confidently evaluated as successful or unsuccessful, war. In this case, it should be noted that this applies exclusively to individual operations. Issues such as the distribution of forces before the start of the process, the impact on the outcome, competence and correctness of measures are also subjective opinions. For example, there were commanders and generals who used genius tactics, but due to some factors (for example, the number, shortage of ammunition) could not fulfill their tasks. They are condemned without thinking. Regarding other army ranks, we can say that they showed the wonders of negligence and incompetence and only by chance circumstances were able to emerge victorious from the battles.

How are the questions resolved?

The process of bureaucratization is very complicated, so trying to solve everything with the help of some calculations is extremely difficult. To facilitate the activity, the heads of organizations issue instructions to their subordinates. Their implementation is a prerequisite for the work of specialists. In normal cases, they provide a plan of conduct, given the normal state of affairs. But if an emergency occurs, then, for example, the use of additional amounts requires a permit from higher-ranking officials. It should be noted that for this it is necessary to pass, as a rule, a tedious procedure. In her defense, it can only be said that this is a relatively effective method of control and accounting. After all, if every head of the department had the right to make all the expenditure from his point of view, the costs would have grown to huge figures. Bureaucracy is a form of interaction, in which many unnecessary expenses arise. In addition, many of the costs that must be incurred to make progress are not made. This applies more to the state control machine than to commercial organizations.

Example of a private enterprise

The fact that the bureaucratization of power leads to certain problems, it is not difficult to demonstrate. As an example, let's look at a private enterprise. On it, a business transaction takes place, where both parties win - the employer and the employer, and there is no service in which only one person is interested. There is also a difference in benefits. So, the employer is interested in paying for the work of his employee. Otherwise, there is a high risk that a qualified specialist will be transferred to another company or company where his work will be paid better. The employee, on the other hand, must perform his duties qualitatively. Thus, he can earn himself a decent fee. It should be borne in mind that the job offer in this case is precisely a business transaction that is strictly regulated by the legislation. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that an entrepreneur is interested in a useful and effective specialist. You can confidently delegate the authority to hire and fire employees, as strict accounting and accounting will be strictly monitored for fair pay.

Example of bureaucracy in state bodies

Now let's talk about government agencies. The problem of bureaucratization here is that it is difficult to identify the specific productive contribution of a unit or person. Therefore, when deciding on the issue of remuneration, personal prejudice and protectionism, as well as other non-statutory relations, can have a significant impact. All this ultimately prevents the organization from acting effectively. In addition, the fact of lobbying is also negative, when official positions are dealt with by people under certain specific agreements.

Conclusion

As you can see, with bureaucracy you can meet not only in public authorities, but also in private companies. True, in our realities the first appearance is felt most sensitively. To avoid the negative consequences of this organization management apparatus, you can use advanced technologies, which include the Internet, automated control systems and similar inventions. Of course, the introduction of such developments is possible only for large enterprises and public authorities. But on the other hand, it is the latter that suffer most from the bureaucracy. And the use of such developments will lead to the fact that the overall performance indicator of the state body or large enterprise under consideration will increase.