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Biography Tyutchev. Brief history of the most important

The poet FI Tyutchev, whose biography and work was known to a few during his lifetime, was really popular recognition only many years after his death. And only now does the value of his works for the Russian nation become understandable.

Childhood and youth FI Tyutchev

The place of appearance of the future poet was the Ovstug estate located in the Bryansk district of the Orel province. His parents came from an old-noble family. Fyodor's father was promoted to an out-of-court adviser and left rather early. His mother, Tyutcheva Ekaterina Lvovna, had a greater impact on the development of the boy. Until the age of 12, N. A. Khlopov, cared for by his uncle, took care of Fyodor. In November 1812, the family moved to live in their house in Moscow. Here Raich, the poet-translator, graduate of the seminary, was hired as a teacher for the boy. In 1818 the father introduced Fyodor to V. Zhukovsky. The biography of Tyutchev (short) , provided by the researchers, reports that it was from this moment on that he was born as a thinker and poet. His imitations Horace read in the Society of lovers of Russian literature. And already at the age of 14, Fyodor was elected as his employee. At Moscow University, of course, at his verbal branch, Tiutchev continued his education. There he became acquainted with many novice writers, and in the same place he "got infected" with Slavophile views.

Tyutchev's biography is short: marriage, a new post

With a candidate's degree, Fyodor graduated from the university three years earlier than expected. The family council decided that he should enter the diplomatic service. My father took him to St. Petersburg. Soon the 18-year-old was given the rank of provincial secretary to the Foreign Affairs Board. At the same time Osterman-Tolstoy, in whose house Tyutchev temporarily lived, took care of the young man to receive the post of supernumerary official of the Russian Embassy in Bavaria, whose capital was Munich. Apart from small breaks, Tyutchev lived there for 22 years. Here, in 1823, Fedor met his first love - 15-year-old Amalia Lerchenfeld. But her father, noticing the infatuation of his daughter Tiutchev, hastened to marry the girl to Alexander Krutyener, who served as secretary of the Russian embassy. After her wedding Tyutchev too quickly married Eleanor Peterson. He took a young widow with three children, and then they had common children, three daughters. In 1833, at one of the balls Tyutchev was introduced to the old Baron Dörnberg and his young wife Ernestina, 22 years old. A few days later her husband died. Between Fyodor and Ernestina began a novel, which soon learned and his wife. She tried to kill herself, but she was rescued, and Tyutchev promised to part with the baroness. These events coincided with success in the literary field. A brief biography of Fyodor Tyutchev has, from now on, seemed to have changed for the better. The Russian authorities transferred the poet to the embassy in Turin.

Life Abroad

Eleanor was staying with her children in St. Petersburg in the spring of 1838. When they returned to Turin by boat, a fire broke out there. Saving children, the woman experienced a severe shock and was very weakened. On her return, Eleanor caught a cold and died in August of the same year in her husband's arms. For one night Tyutchev became gray. But nevertheless this event did not prevent him in December of the same year in Genoa to secretly conclude an engagement with Ernestina. In the summer they were married. Tyutchev was fired from the service and stripped of his rank. After 6 years, the couple returned to the homeland of the poet. Thanks to the fact that Nicholas I approved Tyutchev's speeches for uniting Eastern Europe with Russia, he was restored to the rank of chamberlain and given a position at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The acquaintance of the poet with a new love, Elena Denisyeva, happened in 1848. She was almost the same age as his daughters (24 years old). Their connection was quite open and lasted 14 years. They had three common children. Denisyeva died before the poet, in 1864, from tuberculosis. After the Crimean War Tyutchev was promoted to the actual state councilor.

Tyutchev's biography is brief: a return to Russia

The poet blamed himself for Denisyeva's death. He immediately returned to the family, which remained all this time abroad. But a year later he again went to Russia. For him came the hardest period of life. At first two children died from Denisyeva, then the mother, another son, the only brother, daughter.

The last days of the poet

In 1869, the poet was in Carlsbad for treatment. There he met Amalia, his first love. They spent a lot of time together, remembering youth. Three years later, the poet paralyzed when he went out, despite the warnings of doctors, for a walk. The whole left side was struck. But even in this state the poet continued to write feverishly. In the summer of 1873, in Tsarskoe Selo, Fyodor Ivanovich died. He was buried at the Novodevichy St. Petersburg cemetery. Of course, Tyutchev's biography, outlined above, is so brief that it could only cover the main milestones of the life of the largest diplomat, publicist and poet.

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