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Biography of Dostoevsky. Interesting facts from the biography of Dostoevsky

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky was born in 1821. He became the second child in a large family (there were six in all).

Classes with teachers, moving to St. Petersburg

Since 1832, Dostoevsky, along with his brother Mikhail, began to study. The teachers came to their home. But in 1833 the children were sent to boarding school "Sushara". However, they did not study there for long. Soon they moved to the boarding house "Tchermak". Dostoevsky loved reading from a young age. In 1837, Fyodor's mother passed away, and after a while his father took him and Mikhail to the northern capital, where they received a good education there.

1838-1843 years .: Engineering School

Admission to this school Dostoevsky considered a tragic mistake. Military orders were alien to him, in addition, it was difficult for Fedor to fulfill the requirements imposed on him. Nothing interested him, and he did not find friends in the school. So suffered in this institution FM Dostoevsky, whose biography is full of such painful periods.

The beginning of the creative path

It's no secret that Dostoevsky was very fond of Balzac's works, so it's no surprise that he decided to translate into Russian his novel entitled "Eugene Grande." This was the beginning of his creative path. In parallel, Dostoevsky worked on translations of works by Georges Sand, as well as Eugene Sue, but they were not printed.

Grandiose success

In 1844, the writer began to appear ideas about "Poor People", and then one day he sat down at the table and began to write enthusiastically. So, the novel completely took possession of his thoughts, and Dostoevsky did not rest until he finished it. When the work was ready, the writer gave a handwritten version of Grigorovich (the man with whom he then lived in the same apartment), who took it to Nekrasov, and spent the whole night reading "Poor People". At dawn they came to Dostoevsky. Both expressed genuine admiration to him. How happy to hear this praise FM Dostoyevsky! His biography contains joyful moments, as we see.

In the circle of writers

Soon the writer was accepted into the circle of Belinsky, where he was cordially greeted by Panayev, Odoyevsky, Turgenev. After some time, Dostoevsky admitted that at that time he was admired by the critic and unconditionally accepted all his views, including socialist ideas. Dostoevsky's biography testifies that he highly valued Belinsky's opinion about his novels. At a meeting with him in 1845, the writer read several chapters of the work "The Double", where it was about a split mind. Soon this topic will be reflected in his main novels.

Arrest and reference

At dawn on April 23, 1849, the writer, along with other members of Petrashevsky's circle, was seized and placed in the Peter and Paul Fortress. Dostoevsky's biography is sometimes striking in its tragedy ...

There the writer stayed for 8 months. He tried not to lose heart and even composed the story "The Little Hero" (it was published in 1857). Soon Dostoevsky was accused of planning a coup d'etat, and he was to be shot. For long minutes, right up until the very execution, the writer was tormented by the painful expectation of death, but suddenly another punishment was imposed: four years of exile and deprivation of absolutely all rights. After serving his sentence, he was to become a soldier. The writer was exiled to Omsk, where he was imprisoned in a fortress. There he was forced to live among criminals. Postponed mental suffering, sadness and rejection, remorse, revaluation of values, a complex palette of feelings from despondency to the hope of the speedy realization of his life purpose - all this baggage, accumulated in custody, was the basis of the novel "Notes from the Dead House." Biography of Dostoevsky is a real drama that can not be read without empathy.

Renewal of Writing Activity

Since the winter of 1854, the writer has served in Semipalatinsk, where he was an ordinary soldier. However, after some 12 months he became a non-commissioned officer. And a year later he was appointed ensign. Soon Dostoevsky was returned to the title of nobleman and the opportunity to publish his works. In 1857, the writer married Maria Isaeva, who had previously supported him and did not allow him to lose heart. On penal servitude, Dostoevsky wrote the works "Stepanchikovo Village and Its Inhabitants", as well as "Uncle's Dream". They were published in 1859. The novels received many admiring reviews. The biography of Dostoevsky and us motivates never to give up and be strong.

"Insulted and Injured"

The writer wanted his magazine "Time" to be perceived by people as a serious publication, and therefore he decided to publish his successful work in it. It was called "The Insulted and the Injured". Critics of the XIX century considered it symbolic for the writer, and many perceived as the personified humanistic pathos of Russian literature.

Family shocks and weddings

In 1863, the writer visited abroad, where he met with Apollinaria Suslova, in which he passionately fell in love. Dostoevsky's biography, interesting facts which amaze the ignorant reader, would be incomplete without mentioning this woman. Their difficult relationship and passion for roulette in the German city of Baden-Baden inspired the writer to create the work "The Player".

In 1864, Dostoevsky's husband died, and, despite the fact that they often experienced dramas and conflicts, it was a serious blow to him. Soon after, Brother Michael died. The writer once again went abroad, and in the summer of 1866 he was in the capital and in the country house, located near the city. During this period he worked on the work "Crime and Punishment". At the same time, work was also carried out on the "Player", which Dostoevsky read to the stenographer Anna Snitkina. When the work was ready (in the winter of 1867), the writer took her as his wife, and as N.N. Strakhov later told, this union was really harmonious and happy. So Dostoevsky's dream of a good family came true. His wife was a wonderful woman, who was very fond of her husband. Dostoevsky's biography is read as a fascinating book, where the main character is the writer himself, is not it?

"Crime and Punishment"

The idea of this work from the writer appeared long ago, even in exile. Although Dostoevsky was in a difficult financial situation, work on the novel was quite active, he was keen on writing. The work was full of social motives and philosophy. They harmoniously intertwined in the plot and complemented the emotional experiences of Raskolnikov. He could be called a philosophical murderer, a modern Bonaparte, whose story ends with the fact that he decides to confess his crime, at least in reconciliation with his conscience. The great master of the word was Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky, whose biography makes us admire his talent.

Great works

In 1867 the "Idiot" was completed, the appointment of which the writer considered an image of an impeccably beautiful person. Prince Myshkin, this ideal character, which can be compared with Jesus, can not be reconciled with displays of anger, neglect, sin and goes mad. Then followed the work of "Demons", the motivation for the creation of which was the activity of Nechaev and the society he created called "People's Massacre". In 1875, the novel "Teenager" was written, which is a confession of a guy who grew up in a thoroughly rotten world, in an atmosphere of widespread degradation. Then began work on the main work of the writer "The Brothers Karamazov", which tells about the tragedy of one family. Dostoevsky wanted to portray the intelligentsia of Russia in it. The writer also wished to make him a kind of life of the main character - Alexei Karamazov. The biography of Dostoevsky is full of literary successes. According to the dates, you can see how his talent developed, what thoughts he had mastered in this or that period.

Death

At the end of his life, the writer won an undeniable authority, many of him considered a mentor and a prophet. At that time, Dostoevsky had numerous plans for future works and wanted to begin work on the next part of the novel The Brothers Karamazov, but in the winter of 1881 he suddenly died.

Dostoevsky's biography: interesting facts

Do you know that in "Crime and Punishment" Dostoevsky portrayed real houses, courtyards and landscapes in the northern capital? Quite an interesting fact, is not it? The writer said that the description of the place where the murderer hid the objects taken from the old woman's apartment, he composed, based on the memories of the courtyard, which he once wrapped around walking in Petersburg.

Did you know that the writer was a real jealous person? He suspected his wife of dubious connections, although she absolutely did not give cause for this. Dostoevsky could suddenly return home and begin to inspect the cabinets and inspect the space behind the furniture. Or he could suddenly be jealous of a decrepit old man, whose apartment was in the neighborhood.

So we examined in general terms how Dostoevsky lived. The biography is short, but informative.

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