Belovezhskoe agreement, or the country that we lost

Instead of the preface

The current President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, called the collapse of the Soviet Union the greatest geopolitical mistake of the 20th century. And the Belovezhsky agreement, and as a result of it, the formation of the CIS could not fix it.

Causes and consequences

History has proved that no matter how strong an empire is, it experiences three basic stages: origin, flowering and extinction. The largest power of the 20th century - the Soviet Union - was no exception. Born in the bloodshed of revolution and civil war, past through the cruelties of collectivization and the famine, the genocide of Stalin's repressions, total devastation and misery, defeated in the most terrible war at that time - World War II, turned into ruins and, like Phoenix, rebelled from the ashes, and He turned out to be a colossus on clay feet, obeyed the general law of genesis and disintegrated 21 years ago.

There were serious preconditions for such an event, and one of the main ones was the relentless rivalry between the USSR and the USA, Moscow and Washington.

During the Cold War, the West realized for itself the only truth: the Soviet Union can not be defeated militarily, it can only be shattered economically, and it is best to find allies within the USSR for this. And indeed, they were found - in the person of some leaders of the Union republics.

The goals of the West were very clear. But what moved the heads of government of individual "sister republics"? As it turned out, the notorious ancient principle: "divide and conquer". Yes, they were tired of being subordinated to the main Center - Moscow, they wanted to become rulers of their own patrimonies, to live "beautifully and freely," as America propagated.

Breaking to power in the RSFSR, Boris Yeltsin really wanted to be the head of state. Similar goals were cherished by leaders of other influential regions. But they did not shine in the conditions of the existence of the Soviet Union. There was only one thing: to conspire to liquidate the integrity of the country, especially since in the Soviet Constitution, adopted in 1977 on October 7, each republic was considered a sovereign state and had the right to freely withdraw from the USSR.

Struggle for...?

President Gorbachev tried to prevent the collapse of the Union, to preserve the unity of the state. For this purpose, on March 17, 1991, the All-Union referendum was held, at which the majority of citizens voted for the preservation of their country. On the 20th of August 1991, the signing of a new Union Treaty was scheduled. But it was disrupted by the putsch, which went down in history under the name of the State Emergency Committee. At the same time, on August 24, 1991, Ukraine adopted the Declaration of Independence. On December 1 in Ukraine, simultaneously with the presidential elections, a referendum was held on Ukraine's independence from Russia and other republics. The main question was formulated quite floridly to confuse people who are not sophisticated in the subtleties of political games and formulations. Therefore, 90% of those who voted supported the idea of independence, especially since the issue referred to the preservation of allied relations with the former republics. When preparing the referendum, a wide campaign of nationalist persuasion was conducted, the essence of which was reduced to the theses-call: "Enough to feed Moscow!" If you take in your hands the unique document of those years - agitation leaflets distributed free of charge in the streets of populated centers of Ukraine, we will literally read the following. The appeal on the first page, typed in capital letters, and then the table with the text:

"CITIZENS OF UKRAINE, DO NOT GIVE UP YOURSELF! The production of per capita products and the place of Ukraine among the most highly developed countries in the world ... "The table indicated that Ukraine ranks 1st in terms of area of territory compared with Germany, Japan, England, that in mining, including iron ore, And steel smelting is also 1-2 places among the listed countries, that food production, including bakery, meat and dairy products in Ukraine is several times more than in the same countries. From the leaflet it turned out that Ukraine is a rich state, able to exist on its own, to feed itself and provide everything necessary for full-fledged functioning. And Ukrainians do not live richly and happily only because everything is selected by Russia, that Moscow, like a giant leech, has sucked to the people's body and sucks the last one: "Ukraine is developing, the Union is exporting, the currency is taken away by Moscow. We and our children leave an economic ruin, genetic degeneration and poverty. " Then, in the Ukrainian language was a list of issues in which it was stated that the Communists leading the Union were completely fooled, and most of the stolen consists of the property of Ukraine, that law enforcement agencies are corrupt and pursue purely their criminal interests, not observing any legal norms, and from The people suffer, and first of all the Ukrainian one. This "masterpiece" was coming to an end again with a large-scale appeal: "A CITIZEN OF UKRAINE, INDEPENDENT OF NATIONALITY AND PARTY ACCESSORIES! CONSIDER BEFORE THE REFERENDUM WE SENT TO THE CENTER: DO YOU NEED A PROPOSED UPDATED SSR? »

Similar campaigns were conducted in other republics. People were told that Russia was taking all the funds, and without it an epoch of abundance would come, as in the West. Thus, a conspiracy was created, which resulted in the destruction of the USSR and the Belovezhsky Agreement.

They figured for three ...

So, the meeting of the heads of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus - Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich - took place in Belovezhskaya Pushcha, in the residence of Viskuli. It was there on December 8, 1991, the historic signing of the Belovezh agreements, documents according to which the USSR ceased to exist, and the Commonwealth of Independent States - the CIS, was formed instead. It was later joined by 9 other union republics.

The fact that the Belovezhsky Agreement is unique in its criminal nature, as well as the conspiracy itself, is evidenced by the fact that after signing all the documents the conspirators immediately called the US President George Bush Sr. and reported their "achievements". So to say, they reported on the work successfully done.

And Mikhail Gorbachev, the president of the USSR, learned about what happened only the next day. Shortly thereafter, on December 25, 1991, Gorbachev made his last speech in a televised address to the Soviet people as president. He resigned his presidential powers and immediately afterwards handed over the nuclear suitcase, and with it the whole management of the nuclear forces, to Russian President Boris Yeltsin.

On the evening of December 25, many television companies of the world broadcasted from Moscow the ceremony of descent of the flag of the USSR over the Kremlin and the rise of the Russian tricolor instead. So, without a single shot, the largest, most powerful country in the world was destroyed. The thirst for power proved stronger than common sense and patriotic convictions.

Summarizing

What gave the former Soviet people the collapse of the Union and the creation of the CIS? Alas ... While the borders were eroding in Europe, the EU grew and strengthened, visa-free regimes were introduced and a common economic space was formed, continuous borders and customs began to appear inside the former USSR. A huge single national economic complex was destroyed. The crisis of the 1990s affected the well-being of citizens of all republics, from the rich in natural resources of Russia, industrial Ukraine and to a small poor Moldova, the same Tajikistan, etc. In each newly emerged country, its ruling elite began to skillfully speculate on the national question, fueling quarrels And strife and under this cover plundering and "prihvatiziruyuschaya" former state property. A caste of oligarchs has arisen, and it is flourishing now. The people were thrown out to the side of life and dragged on a miserable existence for 21 years already. And the undoubted prize brought the Belovezhsky agreement only to the West.