Aplastic anemia

Aplastic anemia is a complex disease of the blood. It is associated with a decreased production of granulocytes, erythrocytes and platelets in the bone marrow. Medical terminology refers to this ailment for depressive diseases of hematopoiesis.

Aplastic anemia is characterized by a decrease in the lifespan of erythrocytes, accompanied by the destruction of erythrocyte cells within the brain of the bone throughout all stages of development.

This disease has a very negative effect on the work of many organs. Therefore, timely diagnostic activities and competent treatment of the disease can significantly improve the quality of life.

Aplastic anemia can develop at any age. However, more often, according to statistics, people more than 50 years old are more likely to be affected.

The cause of the development of the disease remains unknown in about 80% of cases.

In other respects, according to research of specialists, presumably, the disease is caused by external factors, for example, prolonged use of medicines (antibiotics, anti-tuberculosis drugs, sulfonamides, anti-inflammatory drugs and others).

Aplastic anemia progresses with prolonged inhalation of mercury vapor, petroleum products, benzene compounds, and also due to radiation exposure.

Some cases of the condition are associated with the development of infectious processes in the body, various disorders in the functioning of the immune and endocrine systems.

The above described reasons are referred to the acquired form of the disease.

Hereditary nature of the disease manifests itself in several species.

The disease may differ in the presence or absence of congenital anomalies in development with a common lesion of erythrocyte formation. There is also anemia with selective pathology.

Symptoms depend on the type of condition.

Symptoms of anemia Fanconi are observed in early childhood. Congenital anomalies are expressed by serious defects in the development of bone tissue (hamstring, incomplete number of fingers on the hand, etc.). Together with this, there is general weakness, headaches, susceptibility to colds. A blood test reveals an elevated ESR. Typically, this condition lasts until eighteen years and ends with a fatal outcome as a result of accidental infection or bleeding.

With anemia of Estren-Dameshek, there are no congenital pathologies. This type of disease is extremely rare.

In case of Diamond-Blackfang anemia, lesions of the eyes and skeleton are rare in rare cases. Frequent symptoms of this condition are the grayish cutaneous shade and enlarged spleen. The blood test reveals a decreased hemoglobin and a sharp increase in the ratio of red blood cells and leukocytes. As practice shows, most patients do not survive to twenty years.

Acquired acute disease is characterized by abundant intestinal, renal, nasal and cutaneous bleeding. At the same time, fever develops.

For several days, patients have a sharp decrease in the concentration of platelets, leukocytes and erythrocytes. The examination reveals the inhibition of cell maturation and destruction in the blood. Death occurs approximately four to eight weeks later.

Subacute form is characterized by less severe bleeding. The life period after the onset of the disease can be from three to thirteen months.

The chronic form of the disease has a slow course. It is characterized by long-term periods of remission.

In patients with functional adrenal insufficiency, normocytic normochromic anemia is observed in an easy degree. This condition in many cases is difficult to identify, due to a simultaneous decrease in plasma volume.

As a result of the hematopoietic hepatic function, macrocytic anemia develops.