How to make a wooden well yourself?

Despite the appearance of new, more modern materials, the wooden log houses of the wells have still not lost their popularity. This is due primarily to the availability of round timber, timber and board, as well as the relative simplicity of their processing. Everything else looks wooden wells "in the old days" in suburban areas much more spectacular, for example, made of the same concrete or plastic rings.

Timber choice

Most often, logs of wooden wells are made from:

• Fumed oak;
• Hornbeam;
• Larch.

Sometimes for this purpose, lumber and other species are used.

Bog oak

Owners of suburban areas, who decided to equip a chopped wooden well, first of all, it is necessary to determine exactly with the kind of logs. The most suitable for facing the walls of mines is a material called stained oak. Logs made of such a round, in the underwater part can last several decades, and on the surface - up to 25 years.

Made from ordinary oak stained by a fairly simple technology. For this purpose, the logs are put in running water for a minimum of 1-2 years. But, of course, to carry out such a long preparation of the material under the frame most of the owners of suburban areas will hardly agree. Therefore, fumed oak for the lining of wells is usually just bought.

Grab and larch

Of course, stained oak can be the best solution for building a log house. But such material is, unfortunately, very expensive. The price of it in certain cases can reach up to 8-10 thousand dollars per cubic meter. Therefore, it is only worth choosing people who are not too cramped in the means.

Of course, you can make a wooden well and a regular oak tree. But most dacha owners do not advise using such material for the assembly of the log. The round oak is not too expensive (up to 12 thousand rubles per cubic meter in 2016). However, these logs differ in that they give the water a slightly bitter taste and color it brown. Therefore, if you buy a stained oak, there is no possibility, it is better to use the material of some other breed for the facing of the mine.

A good option is, for example, the construction of wooden wells with log huts. The tree of this breed is a bit cheaper than an oak tree and at the same time it is similar to it in many features. The advantages of the material include, first of all, resistance to abrasion, hardness and toughness. But, unfortunately, the hornbeam also has certain drawbacks. First of all, it is a certain tendency to get wet.

A slightly more expensive larch of such a minus is devoid. This material is not afraid of moisture at all. In this case, larch, like the hornbeam, does not emit absolutely no harmful substances into the water. It is worth a cubic meter of a round of this breed about 5500 rubles. If desired, moraine larch can also be used for lining the well. The price for such logs usually does not exceed 10 thousand rubles per 1 m ³ .

Other types of wood

In addition to larch, hornbeam and oak for assembling a log house, you can use:

• elm;
• Alder;
• Willow.

Very often in order to save the owners of suburban areas make an underwater part of the log house of more expensive wood, and surface - from the cheap. To assemble the above-ground walls of the well, it is possible to use, for example, a lime tree. A good solution will also be the use of cheap pine. The cubic meter of this material costs only about 2,5 thousand rubles.

Sometimes birch or spruce is used to assemble the log cabins. Wells made of such sawnwood are very cheap, but, unfortunately, they have a short service life. Birch can serve in the underwater part for no more than 10 years, and in the surface water - no more than 5. Spruce is slightly more durable, but also very quickly dries up, cracks and rot. In addition, because of the large amount of resin impregnating such wood, it can be used only for the erection of the above-water part of the walls of the log house.

General requirements for the material

The best round for assembling well logs is a round wood with a diameter of 150-200 mm. Such logs must be sawed into lengths, the length of which depends on the size of the future well (usually 1х1, 1,5х1,5 or 2х2 m). Next, the preforms prepared in this manner are sanded and stored under a canopy. In the sun to keep logs, intended for log houses, it is impossible. Otherwise, they very quickly crack. The production of wooden wells from such spoiled material is not allowed.

Before the assembly of the logs, it should be carefully processed with a fuser or electric drums in such a way that they do not have chips, burrs and roughness.

What materials can I use

Log logs, subject to strict compliance with the technology of assembly are durable and high-quality. Therefore, it is in this way that wooden pits are most often made by hand. Photo, located just below, the reliability and beautiful appearance of the log structures demonstrates clearly. However, unfortunately, the round timber of even not too noble wood species is relatively expensive. Therefore, sometimes for the assembly of a log house, the owners of suburban areas use other, more economical materials. This can be, for example, a bar or even just a thick edged board. The rules for choosing the type of wood in this case should be the same as for buying a log.

Ways to Build

How to make a wooden well with your own hands correctly? You can mount the frame in the mine in two ways:

• from the bottom;
• Build-up from above as you dive.

Below we will consider the features of these technologies in full detail. But first, let's look at the way in which the well logs themselves can be assembled.

Mounting technologies

The answer to the question of how to make a wooden well with your own hands depends first of all on what kind of material it will be for it. If this is a log, the corners of the walls are joined by the "paw" method. When using a bar, a "half-tree" assembly method is used. Cutting the same thick boards are fixed simply on the frame. The latter is made of a bar, the thickness of which depends on the size of the well (usually 100x100 mm).

How to join a log

First, let's find out how wooden wells are made from this material. Log houses are assembled on a relatively simple technologically, but rather laborious method. From a material with a diameter, for example, 160 mm, the walls of the well are mounted like this:

• At the end of the log on both sides, the edges are 1.5-2 mm in diameter.
• A trapezoidal projection, called a paw (by 113 mm), is cut off. The length of its inner short side should be 28 mm, length - 57 cm, external respectively - 57 and 85 mm.

It is most convenient to cut logs when assembling a log-house using the "paw" method using a pre-cut template. Actually, the very processing of wood should be done using a gasoline or electric saw. To stack logs with fastening "in a paw" follows with rattling. In this case, the finished log house will be the most dense and high-quality.

How to connect the beam

The assembly of the log from this material is done using wooden nagels. Previously, at the end of one bar, remove the upper half, and at the end of the second - the lower half. After they have laid two crowns, they begin to rally. To do this, through the entire perimeter of the log house make holes (in the upper bar - through, in the bottom - up to half) and clog them nagli. The length of the latter should be such that on top of them you could lay the third crown. In it, under the nagel, holes are also drilled (up to half the thickness). By this method the assembly of the log is continued to the required height.

How to trim a well with a board

When using the material of this variety for the shelling of the walls of the shaft, a frame is first assembled in the form of a parallelepiped of a bar. Its length should be such that, when installed at the bottom of the well, it protrudes above the surface of the earth by 40-50 cm. Along the perimeter, the frame must be slightly narrower than the shaft. After plating the board from four sides, the resulting structure is simply lowered into a dug hole. The result is a fairly reliable and durable wooden well. At the final stage, the earth is filled with free space between the walls of the pit and the skin.

Installation from the bottom of the shaft

Easy lining of the planks on the frame to put in a pit, so it's easy. But with a frame from a beam or a log to do a similar operation, of course, it will hardly come out. Therefore, in this case, they act differently. If the depth of the mine does not exceed 6 m, its walls do not crumble, and the water does not come too fast, you can perform the assembly of the frame by the method from the bottom. To do this, the frame-base is first knocked down in the pit or laid down (logs split in half). Further, according to the technologies described above, the actual cobbled or log frame itself is assembled. The incoming water can be pumped out for convenience of work.

Scaffolding from above

A wooden well is often done by its own methods. This method is used for wells with a depth of 8 to 9 m. The work in this case is carried out in several stages:

• Digging a mine depth of 1.5 m;
• In it is going to log from below upwards so that the top crown is at a height of about half a meter above the surface of the earth;
• In the middle under each wall of the log house to a depth of 20-25 cm under the ground;
• All walls are supported by wedge pads;
• The soil at the corners of the log is selected;
• Wedges are released;
• The frame evenly settles on the bottom of the pit;
• The next wreaths are collected and a digging is again done.

Thus, the work is conducted to the required depth of the mine. Sometimes it happens that the frame in the pit is stuck. In this case, it should be tried to be precipitated by blows on the upper crown. If this does not help, you should arrange flooring of logs and boards on the top crown and put a very heavy load on it (weighing up to several tons).

How to equip a well

To ensure that the water in the shaft was clean, after assembling the frame or installing the paneling, its bottom should be covered with a layer of gravel, crushed stone or washed river sand in the thickness of 20-25 cm. The seams between the crowns of the log house, if necessary, are rubbed with clay. But this operation is not mandatory. You can just leave it as it is. After all, the water enters the mine not only through the bottom, but also along the walls.

Of course, a wooden well must be equipped with a roof. In addition, it is necessary to install a lifting gate above the log house.

How to make a roof

Canopy for the mine can be manufactured using different technologies. Very beautiful wooden wells are obtained, for example, when installing over log houses of small gable roofs, covered with the same material as the roof of the house. These constructs are assembled in several steps:

• On two bars (best to take a material with a length of 3 m) there are places of fastening of the lifting gate;
• Racks are treated with an antiseptic. At the same time, their ends, which will subsequently be buried in the ground, are impregnated with bituminous mastic.
• In the immediate vicinity of the two opposite sides of the log house, pits under the uneven bars of a depth of about 70 cm are excavated.
• In the grooves prepared in this way, sand is poured.
• Next, the racks are installed in pits and concreted.

A few hours after the solution seizes, the posts are connected by a bridge at a distance of approximately 50 cm from the upper edge. Further works are performed as follows:

• On both sides of the resulting structure, longitudinal rails under the roof are packed at the same level from the outside. In order for them to hold tight, they should be supported by the jibs (from the posts to the outer edges).
• The longitudinal bars are connected with each other by a bar so that a rectangle forms around the posts.
• Connect the upper ends of the posts to the beam.
• Filled on the resulting skate and bar a rectangle of two or three rafters on each side.
• Mount the crate from the boards or bars.
• The roof is roofed with the selected roofing material.

How to make a lifting gate

With the use of such a structure, very convenient wooden wells are obtained. A photo of a log-framed log, presented to the attention of the reader below, clearly shows the convenience of such a structure. Produce such a simple device, as a gate, usually from a piece of smooth logs of small cross-section. On both ends of such a deck, you need to choose small holes of small diameter. Then, from the sheet of sheet metal, cut two circles with a diameter equal to the section of the log, and two strips with a width of 5 cm. The latter need to wrap the edges of the log. In the metal circles in the center, drill holes with a diameter slightly more than those selected in the deck. Then they need to be fixed on the ends of logs by means of nails. Place the fasteners in a circle with an indentation of 1.5 cm from the edge of the deck.

Then in one of the pillars is made a hole. Through it is passed a metal rod. Then it is put on one edge of the deck. The diameter of the rod should be slightly larger than the diameter of the hole chosen at the end of the log. It is necessary to hammer it with effort, so that later the deck does not come off. The second rod should be arched in the form of a handle and hammer into the log through the second rack in exactly the same way.

At the final stage closer to the edge of the log attached to the chain under the bucket. To fix it on a deck it is possible by means of the bracket bent, for example, from a thick nail.

How to draw a well

Manufactured by the methods described in the article, the wooden frame of the mine itself can become a real decoration of the site. In particular, such designs look good in yards designed in the style of country or Provence. But if desired, the well can be decorated additionally.

Very impressive, for example, look wooden pits (photos of the designs thus shown can be seen on this page) surrounded by greenery. Therefore, around the well, it is necessary to break the lawn. You can also plant a hedge near you and sow flower beds with flowers. Beautifully look wooden wells and the background of wicker fences. Such hedges are harmoniously combined with pavements made of stone around the frame.