Where is the Kivach Nature Reserve? Animals in the Kivach Reserve

In 1931, they decided to create the Kivach Reserve. It was founded in order to ensure the protection of the eponymous plain waterfall, which is overthrown by ledges. Lovers of eco-tourism are often interested in: "Kivach Nature Reserve where is?".

Location:

The nature protection zone covered the picturesque taiga plains, dotted with rocky mountain ranges, lakes and marshes, cut by the river of the river Suna. Ten thousand hectares with the reserve, reserved for the reserve, are spread over the expanses of the Kondopoga district, in the Republic of Karelia.

In the north-west, eighteen kilometers from the natural park, bordering the village of Sopokha, is the city of Kondopoga. The reserve stretches along the Central and Spasogub forestry. The village of Kivach is the main manor of the national park.

Description of the reserve

The reserve on the edge of the ancient glacial depression - the synclinal fold of Lake Onega - is stretching in a place where the quaternary glaciation worked hard on the relief. The area on which the Kivach Reserve is spread is represented by forests, swamps, large and small lakes typical for the taiga.

Left here an indelible mark the gigantic lake, which absorbed the melted waters of the glacier. It almost four millennia worked on the destruction of moraines and ridge-oz. His waves tirelessly rubbed stones and sands, turning them into a microscopic suspension. The retreating lake left a rich legacy in the form of moraine ridges that did not give way to blurring, uneven clay bottom. It was as if scattered over a multitude of daughter lakes that occupied basins-troughs.

The reserve zone is underlain by rocks, whose age is close to two billion years. Smooth mountain ranges rise above the western glacial valleys. Rocks-selgas in the form of a dome formed smooth ledges there. The bed with a crystalline wavy base, covered with glaciers, is covered with moraines formed from debris of rocks.

From the east and in the center the Kivach Nature Reserve is a plain along which two chains of sandy ridges-lakes stretch. The sandy ridges that occupied the fissures of the disappearing glacier formed sedimentary rocks, carried by powerful streams of strong taiga rivers.

Kivach swamps

The landscape of the natural park includes swamps. Their reservoirs have become numerous hollows. Lowland marshy areas, overgrown with grass, mixed herbs and near-water vegetation, feed on groundwater and replenish with surface runoff.

The Kivach reserve and the moor, which feed only atmospheric precipitation, are rich. They were completely covered with domes formed by sphagnum mosses, alternating with a cassandra and a Ledum. The swamps are so different that there is no chance to find two identical water bodies, like twin brothers. The life forms and species diversity of each marshy site are unique.

Forest tracts

The glacier disappeared, leaving the land devoid of soil. Over the gloomy sandy and clayey surface of the earth, striated by hollows with streams, mighty rocks rose proudly. It was this severity that determined the appearance of the newly emerging ecosystems, rapidly occupying free pieces of space.

Climatic conditions and soils, practically devoid of humus, limited the domination of plants in the middle taiga. The Kivach Reserve has become the realm of conifers. Pine forests predominate on the heights, spruce forests have mastered the slopes, hollows of the disappeared lakes and marshy lowlands. The tops of the rocks are covered with pine forests of the White Sea, the soil cover in which is formed by lichens, mosses, heather and evergreen cowberry. The marshy areas are covered with stunted pine trees.

Bilberry-green-green biocoenoses were formed in the middle of the series. The fir trees spread over clay sites. They "ran up" on the hill, forming pine-spruce stands. Spruce dominates in the center of the reserve, along its lowlands and logs, getting along with the sickly alders, tavolga and mosses settled on bumps. Occasionally, conifers dilute a stand of birch and aspen. In mixed forest tracts, there are trees rare for the South Karelian land - lindens and elms.

Flora of the reserve

Vegetation of Kivatch is quite rich. About 600 species of plants have found shelter in its open spaces. Representatives of the Arcto-Alpine relics, which appeared in the early post-glacial period, settled there. He sheltered the immoral oak-wood "aliens".

On it scattered many typical taiga and meadow plants. The reserve zone is chosen by rare species that have fallen on the pages of the Red Book. Part of the Sopokhsky boron is formed by relict trees that have lived for three and a half centuries.

Kivach Fauna

Protected lands are an ideal arena for the livelihoods of many animals. In Kivache inhabits a myriad army of invertebrates. They process living and dead plants, sending to the soil the components necessary for the existence of grasses and trees. Representatives of this numerous hordes of "vegetarians" now and then snack predatory invertebrates - spiders, bugs and hymenopterans.

The terrestrial vertebrates are represented in this nature protection zone by amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. They flocked to this region from all over the continent. Kivach - a reserve, the animals of which have created incredible biocenoses, is unique. Here, with taiga representatives, individuals from the northern and southern latitudes adjoin.

Periodically, the area of forest lemming is expanding so much that it is difficult to notice the vital activity of the taiga rodent. They inhabit typical Siberian taiga - shrews of three species and red voles. Once upon a time, mammals came here from the northern border of the forest-steppe zone and the southern forest massifs. They are represented by mice and mice.

The general background of the fauna is formed by common species: gray toads, woodpeckers, hares, bears, elk, lynx, wolves and other animals. Next to them coexist "northerners" - wolverines, cuckoos and shrews, "southerners" - roe deer, orioles and wild boars.

Also in the reserve are acclimatized individuals. Ondatras and Canadian beavers took root in water bodies. There were secluded nooks for raccoon dogs and American mink. Searched falcons for their nests.

In Kivach, 216 species of birds settled. His visitors were corncrows and turtledoves. Nightingales and the Orioles nest in the taiga. Hoopoes and goats have settled in secluded corners. Sometimes nestling Beloklyuk loons, geese Lesser White-fronted Goose. Occasionally a white swan slides along the watery surface of the lakes. Sometimes you hear the hooting of an owl. There is here than to profit the golden eagle and white-tailed eagle.

Kivach waterfall

The ledges of the picturesque eleven- meter-high Kivach waterfall formed in the river Suna. The name of the waterfall is of Finnish origin. The Finns called him nothing but "kivach", that is, swift, or powerful. The first mention of the water body dates back to 1566. Its description is found on the pages of the scribe book.

Near the waterfall parking is organized, a souvenir shop and a cafe, where guests are pampered with Finnish-Karelian buns and dishes cooked on charcoal. Nearby there is a museum with interesting expositions and an arboretum - the abode of exotic plants and Karelian birches.

The unique Kivach Reserve, whose map indicates exact routes, offers guests various excursions. Ecological trails cover all the tourist facilities of the natural park. Paid excursions are introduced to the waterfall, dendrocollection, the museum of nature and other sights.