What the car consists of: a scheme and description

There are drivers who drive their cars, but do not know what the car is made of. It may not be necessary to know all the intricacies of the complex work of the mechanism, but the main points should still be known to everyone. After all, this can depend on the life of both the driver and other people. In essence, in a simplified form, the machines consist of three parts:

• Engine;
• chassis;
• Bodywork.

In the article we will consider in more detail, what parts of the car consists of and how they affect the operation of the vehicle as a whole.

What the car consists of: scheme

The device of the car can be represented as follows.

In the vast majority of cases, internal combustion engines are installed on the machines. Since they are not ideal, the development of the invention of new motors has been and is being carried out. So, recently, cars with electric motors have been put into operation, for charging which is quite an ordinary outlet. The electric car "Tesla" became very famous. However, of course, it's too early to talk about the large spread of such machines.

The chassis, in turn, consists of:

• Transmission or power transmission;
• Running;
• Vehicle control mechanism.

The body is intended for accommodation in the car of passengers and comfortable moving. The main types of body today are:

• sedan;
• Hatchback;
• cabriolet;
• Station wagon;
• limousine;
• and others.

ICE: Species

It is clear to any person that a malfunction in the motor's operation can become dangerous to the health and life of people. Therefore, it is vital to know what the engine of a car consists of .

In translation from Latin, the motor means "propelling". In the car, a device is meant to be used for converting one type of energy into a mechanical one.

Internal combustion engines are of several types:

• Petrol;
• Diesel;
• Gas.

Most often use gasoline and diesel options.

In the first case, as the name implies, fuel is gasoline. After passing through a special system, it enters the intake manifold or carburetor. Then the mixture sprayed there, which already contains air particles, gets into the cylinders, is compressed from the pistons and ignited by a spark from the spark plugs.

Gasoline engines are carburettor and injector types. The first is almost not used. Injection systems of motors are, in turn, mechanical (in which the mechanical lever, which is able to regulate the mixture obtained) and electronic (where the compilation and injection of fuel is completely carried out by the computer-electronic control unit) is used as a dosimeter. Since the injector works more carefully, its combustion products are less harmful than carburettors.

For diesel engines special diesel fuel is used. This motor does not have an ignition system: when the fuel mixture enters the cylinders, it explodes itself due to the high temperature and pressure values obtained by the piston group.

Gas engines operate on liquefied, generator-driven compressed gas. This fuel is stored in cylinders, from where it enters the reducer via the evaporator and loses pressure. The further process is similar to an injector motor. Sometimes, however, the evaporator is not used.

Motor operation

To better understand the principle of work, you need to disassemble in detail what the engine of the car consists of .

The body is a block of cylinders. Inside there are channels that cool and lubricate the motor.

The piston is nothing but a hollow metal beaker, at the top of which there are grooves of the rings.

Piston rings located below, oil-removable, and on the top - compression. The latter provide good compression and compression of the air-fuel mixture. They are used both to achieve the integrity of the combustion chamber, and as seals to prevent oil from getting there.

The crank mechanism is responsible for the reciprocating energy of the piston motion on the crankshaft.

So, understanding what the car consists of, in particular, its engine, we will understand in principle the work. Fuel first enters the combustion chamber, it mixes there with air, the spark plug (in gasoline and gas versions) produces a spark, igniting the mixture, or the mixture ignites itself (in the diesel version) under the influence of pressure and temperature. Formed gases cause the piston to move downwards, transferring the motion to the crankshaft, because of what it starts to rotate the transmission, where the motion is transmitted to the wheels of the front, rear axle or both at once, depending on the drive. A little later, let us also touch on what the wheel of the car consists of. But first things first.

Transmission

Above we found out what the car consists of, and we know that the chassis includes transmission, running gear and a control mechanism.

In the transmission, the following elements are distinguished:

• Transmission;
• clutch;
• Main and gimbal transmission;
• differential;
• Power shafts.

Operation of transmission parts

The clutch serves to disconnect the gearbox (gearbox) from the engine, then smoothly connect them when switching gears and when starting from the seat.

The gearbox changes the torque transmitted from the crankshaft to the cardan shaft. The gearbox unit disconnects the motor from the cardan transmission as far as it is necessary for the car to move in reverse.

The main function of the cardan gear is the transmission of torque from the gearbox to the main gear at different angles.

The main function of the main gear is the transmission of torque at an angle of ninety degrees from the propshaft through the differential to the drive shafts of the main wheels.

The differential rotates the driving wheels with different frequencies when turning and uneven surfaces.

Chassis

The chassis of the car consists of a frame, front and rear axle, connecting with the frame through the suspension. In most modern cars, the frame is the carrying body. Elements of what the car suspension consists of are as follows:

• Springs;
• Cylinder springs;
• Shock absorbers;
• Pneumatic cylinders.

Mechanisms of management

These devices consist of a steering that is connected to the front wheels by the steering gear and brakes. Most modern cars use on-board computers, which themselves control the control in a number of cases, and even make the necessary changes.

Here we note an important part, such as what the wheel of a car consists of. Without it, the machine would simply not have taken place. This is truly one of the greatest inventions here consists of two components: rubber tires, which is chamber and tubeless, and a disc made of metal.

Body

In most cars today the body is a carrier, which consists of separate elements connected by welding. Today the bodies are very diverse. The main type is closed type, which has one, two, three, and sometimes even four rows of seats. A part or even a full roof can be removed. It is hard or soft at the same time.

If the roof is removed in the middle, then this is the body of the targa.

Completely removable soft top is obtained in a convertible.

If it is not soft, but hard, then it's a hardtop convertible.

On the universal, similar to the sedan, there is a certain extension over the luggage compartment, which is a distinctive feature.

And the van will be obtained from the station wagon in case the rear doors and windows are sealed.

With the cargo platform behind the driver's cab, the body is called a pickup truck.

The coupe is a two-door closed body.

The same, but with a soft top was called a roadster.

The cargo-passenger body with the rear door at the rear is called combi.

Limousine - a closed type with a rigid partition behind the front seats.

From the article we found out what the car consists of. The correct work of all components is important, but it is better understood and felt when there is appropriate knowledge.