The subject and the object of management are the conditions for interaction

A system is a relationship and a relationship that forms a certain unity of the elements among themselves. Based on its laws, management principles are formed . There are more than 200 definitions for this term, but each of them carries a single meaning - control. It can be represented in simplified form as a contour, which contains two subsystems. One of them is the subject, the second - Object.

The management object in management is a subsystem that receives management commands from the entity and operates in accordance with them. Between the governing and the controlled mandatory condition is the interaction. It consists of a number of factors.

Connectivity

Any organization has its own communication system, which ensures the exchange of information. The subject gathers, perceives and analyzes information about the operation of the management object and its results. After that decisions are made, they are transformed into signals that determine the further operation of the controlled subsystem.

The transfer of information from the object to the subject is the reverse. It is expressed in Reports, messages, etc. The process of transferring information from the control subsystem to a managed subsystem is called a direct link. It is expressed in orders, orders, instructions, commands. Information on both types of communication should be complete and reliable. Only then does management lose its effectiveness.

Motives and incentives

The important factors of interaction of subsystems are control levers. Under them, motivation and incentives are often considered. Do not confuse these two methods. The object of management consciously chooses one or another type of activity and fully satisfies their basic needs - this is motivation. It is aimed at the process of changing the existing situation. If, as the needs of the management object meet the motivation is not weakened, then it can be considered effective.

Strengthens the existing provision of incentives. It carries a moral, social and economic function. In doing so, it can be positive and negative. The management object positions the incentive as an opportunity to receive additional benefits or as their loss.

The mechanisms of motivation and stimulation must be formed on a situational basis. For this purpose, there is a large arsenal of various means in the world management practice.

The subject is the same object of management

The control object is often both a subject. Let's consider such transformation on an organization example. The director, the chief engineer, the shop managers are the control subsystem. Specialists, workers - managed. But at the same time, the object of management is both the director and the chief engineer, so the bodies of the legislative and judicial power act in relation to them.

For trading enterprises, the managing subsystem is the store manager, managed - departments, sections. Their managers are subjects for sellers, consultants, cashiers.