The first cars in the world

So it was led that in the history to the accomplishment of great discoveries often leads a chain of accidents. It was as a result of a banal coincidence that the first cars appeared.

Many great minds dreamed of building a "self-propelled wagon". More Leonardo da Vinci worked on the drawings of the first car. His wagons with a spring drive during the Renaissance participated in parades and folk festivals. Scientists of Florence in 2004 recreated the construction of Da Vinci in accordance with the surviving drawings and sketches. This clearly demonstrated that the first cars could well exist in the era of the great inventor.

But the Italian spring drive did not inspire confidence in the reliability of the mechanism. Work on the creation of more perfect models did not stop. And another discovery was the invention of the Russian mechanic Polzunov steam automatic machine. The machine itself did not move, but it was able to convert the energy of the fuel into thermal energy, which, in turn, contributed to the process of vaporization in the boiler. And the steam could be used at your discretion. On the basis of the steam engine Polzunov, the French inventor N. Cunho created a self-propelled wagon. It was used as a vehicle for transporting guns. Wagons with a steam installation by weight and size could compete with modern trucks. What was worth only the weight of fuel and water, necessary for its movement. With such a mass, the speed of the first car could barely reach 4 km / h.

The steam engine did not give rest not only to foreigners. Ivan Kulibin, a well-known inventor-self-taught, also worked on the creation of a car. Its design was technically more complex than that of the Frenchman. In the Kulibinsky rolling cart there were roller bearings, which significantly reduced the coefficient of friction, the flywheel, which allows increasing the shaft speed, brake and even a similar speed box. However, the first Kulibin cars did not find practical application.

So the history of the automotive industry would revolve around the steam engine if Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz did not create a gasoline engine. Of course, it would be unfair to fully attribute these two great people to the glory of the invention of an ICE. It is unfair to the other 400 co-authors, among whom was engineer Nicholas Otto, who received a patent for an internal combustion engine.

The appearance of ICE was a turning point in the history of the creation of self-propelled machines. Now Karl Benz more or less accurately represented what the first car can firmly establish itself in history. In 1886, Benz patented his new creation - a self-propelled crew. As a driving force in it, a gasoline engine was used. Ironically, another German designer, Gottlieb Daimler, creates the same crew. In this case, the two inventors worked independently of each other. Despite the fact that Daimler created the first carburetor and motorcycle the year before, the car's inventors got the laurels of Benz.

The first cars of Karl Benz were three-wheeled double crews. Instead of horses, they were driven by a gasoline engine with water cooling. The engine was located in a horizontal position above the rear axle. The torque was transmitted to the axle by means of two chain and one belt drive. To start the engine, the designer installed a galvanic battery. Despite the fact that the frame of the car consisted of metal tubes and was very fragile, and the maximum speed that the driver could count on did not exceed 16 km / h, this was a tangible progress in the history of machine building. It was these carriages that later enabled designers to create high-speed modern cars.