The computer turns on, but the operating system does not start: possible causes and solutions

Unfortunately, sometimes you can find quite serious problems with the inclusion of computers and the launch of operating systems, although up to a certain point nothing boded ill. It happens that the computer does not turn on at all, but most often the computer turns on, but the operating system does not start. It is about such situations that will be discussed later. Consider issues related to why the computer does not boot, and what to do in such situations. There are several universal solutions.

The computer turns on, but the operating system does not start: causes

Among all possible situations when there are failures at the stage of loading, we can distinguish several typical cases.

There are three options:

• A black screen appears;
• A blue BSoD screen appears;
• The operating system starts, but can not fully boot.

In the first case, when the computer does not start (loading does not start), messages appear on the black screen that indicate physical or software problems. In the simplest case, when nothing serious happens, the system can report that, for example, there is no keyboard (for stationary PCs). Its simplest solution will be to connect and restart it.

If the computer turns on but does not start the download, and instead warnings appear on the black screen about software failures or missing files, there may be a lot of reasons for this behavior of the system. Among them, first of all, you can identify problems with the hard drive, damage to the operating system (accidental or deliberate removal of system components or registry entries), the impact of viruses, invalid boot sector entries, memory conflicts, etc. By the way, if the blue screen comes out, it mostly refers to "RAM" or newly installed device drivers, which cause the emergence of conflicts no longer on the software, but on the physical level.

What should I do if the computer does not boot and the operating system does not start for the above reasons? Depending on the situation, there are several solutions. For an uninitiated user, they may seem complicated enough, however, in certain situations only them can be used to resuscitate the system. So you have to spend time and energy.

The computer turns on, but does not boot: what should I do first?

So, let's start with the simplest. Suppose that a short-term technical malfunction has occurred in the system, for example, if the operation is terminated incorrectly or the voltage drops.

As a rule, almost all currently used versions of Windows usually automatically restart when the system restarts . If this does not happen, before starting the system, you will have to use the F8 key to call up an additional boot menu (another method is used in Windows 10).

The computer turns on, but does not start the operating system? Do not get upset. Here, in the simplest form, you can select the boot line for the last working configuration. If the system components are OK, the system will boot without problems. If this does not help, you'll have to use the troubleshooting section, and sometimes even a boot attempt in safe mode can succeed.

Possible viral infection

Unfortunately, viruses can cause such situations. What should I do if my computer does not turn on? The ways to solve this particular problem are to use a powerful anti-virus scanner that could check for threats before the OS starts.

Among the whole variety of anti-virus software, it's worth noting disk utilities that start directly from the optical media or USB-devices, have their own boot records and even a graphical interface like Windows. One of the most powerful tools can be called Kaspersky Rescue Disk. Its use can guarantee almost 100% detection of viruses, even hiding in RAM.

Memory conflicts

Now let's see what to do if the computer does not boot, and instead a blue screen appears. As already mentioned, most often this indicates problems with drivers and RAM. Do not touch the drivers yet, but let's look at the "RAM".

The proposed solution in the question of if the computer does not boot up, is mainly designed for stationary PCs. In this situation, you should remove all memory slots, and then insert them in turn and check the load. Perhaps, some of them are the link that causes malfunctions. This can be observed when the bars of different manufacturers are added.

If the system succeeds in somehow loading, using the same safe mode, the "RAM" immediately should be checked by the utility Memtest86 +, which will help to identify the true cause of the problem.

The system does not see the hard drive

Now the worst situation is when the computer does not boot. Causes and ways of their elimination can be connected with a hard disk.

Winchester can have a problem both programmatically and physically, although sometimes it's not even that. The problem can be completely trivial: the user in the BIOS settings has the priority of loading from a removable device, for example, from an optical disc that is currently in the drive, but is not a system disk. It should simply be removed and the download repeated.

On the other hand, another problem that the computer does not start (the system does not start) may be due to the fact that the loader and the corresponding sector are corrupted. A solution to this situation will be discussed a little later. But in the simplest case, you can try to restore the disk data using Recovery-utilities.

Sometimes it helps to change the settings of the primary BIOS input / output system. Here you need to find the partition associated with the hard drive configuration, and in the SATA configuration parameters deactivate the use of AHCI mode.

Finally, the hard drive can have purely physical damage, and there is no way to do without outside interference.

Using the Installation Disc

Many users clearly underestimate the help that an installation or boot disk with the system image can provide in solving problems related to situations when the computer turns on but does not boot the operating system.

First, in almost every package includes the so-called recovery console, with which you can eliminate a lot of software failures, and secondly, you can use the command line. By the way, this is the most effective method. Further it will be clear how this works.

Problems with the BOOTMGR bootloader

It is believed that the most common problem when the computer turns on but does not start the operating system is the Windows boot loader (Boot Manager) corruption. In this case, the system just writes that there is no system partition (it simply does not see the hard drive).

You can correct this problem if you start from the boot disk and go to the command line in the Recovery Console, for which you should press the "R" key. Next, you must first use the disk check command, and then fix (restore) the boot records.

The whole sequence looks like this:

• Chkdsk c: / f / r;
• Bootrec.exe / FixMbr;
• Bootrec.exe / FixBoot.

After entering commands punctuation marks are not put, and the input key is pressed. If for some reason these commands did not have a positive effect, then you can use the full overwrite of the boot sector, which is performed by the Bootrec.exe / RebuildBcd command. If the hard drive does not have physical damage, this should work, as they say, one hundred percent.

You can also use some third-party utilities. The most suitable program is a tool called MbrFix, which is part of the Hiren's Boot CD. After its call, for example, for Windows 7, provided that this system is installed, and only on one disk (no partitioning), you should write the following:

• MbrFix.exe / drive 0 fixmbr / win7.

This saves the user from having to make changes to the boot records, and the download will be restored.

Problems with accessing the NTLDR file

When a message appears that the component is not present in the system, the load commit is first applied, as in the previous case.

However, if the result is not achieved, you will need to copy the original file to the root of the system partition. For example, if it is a "C" drive and the drive is "E", the command will look like this:

• E: \ i386> copy ntldr C: \ (after copying the system will boot without problems).

A corrupted or missing HAL.dll file

In the case when the computer turns on, but the operating system is not loaded in normal mode, the cause may be in the corrupted HAL.dll component (the corresponding notification can be shown on the screen).

In this situation, you need to boot the system in safe mode, call the command console and write the following line in it:

• C: \ windows \ system32 \ restore \ rstrui.exe (the Enter key is then pressed and restarted).

Instead of the total

Here, briefly, and everything that concerns the problem of the inability to start the operating system. Naturally, it did not touch upon the issue that the reason could be low power, a failure of the CMOS battery, loose loops, dust inside the system unit or other malfunctions. But in the program plan, the above methods work flawlessly.