Submucosal node in the uterus: signs and methods of treatment

Women often turn to a gynecologist with complaints about prolonged menstruation. This disorder can indicate many violations in the work of the reproductive system. One of them is the submucosal node. Timely detection of pathology makes it possible to cure it without any complications. Therefore, every woman should know what symptoms she manifests.

Brief description of the problem

Submucosal node (or submucous myoma) is a benign neoplasm localized under the mucous membrane of the genital organ and partially protruding into its cavity. This pathology is considered one of the most common in gynecology. Recently, it is increasingly diagnosed among young women, which is very alarming doctors.

Causes of pathology development

The exact causes of the onset of the disease have not yet been established. However, numerous clinical studies have made it possible to identify a number of factors, the combination of which increases the likelihood of the birth of a submucosal node. Among them are:

• A change in the hormonal background;
• Excess body weight;
• Prolonged physical activity;
• Inflammatory diseases;
• Repeated abortions;
• Reception of means of an oral contraception;
• Genetic predisposition.

Even a qualified doctor can not always accurately determine what exactly triggered the pathological process. At the same time, it is important to consider all possible factors. For example, a disorder of the hormonal background is often a consequence of polycystic ovaries. This pathology is considered extremely unfavorable for a woman's reproductive health.

Excess body weight also leads to disorders at the hormonal level. Sometimes the submucosal node is observed in anamnesis of women over 30 who did not give birth until this time. Determining the cause of pathology allows you to predict its outcome.

The first signs of violation

Approximately in 50% of cases the development of the pathological process is asymptomatic. The remaining women at the initial stage of formation of the neoplasm observed hyperpolymenorrhea - profuse and prolonged menstruation. The appearance of this symptom is due to the increase in the size of the submucosal node. As a result, the myometrium can not fully decrease, and the endometrium begins to be partially discarded. In the future, the body will try to independently normalize the work of the reproductive system. Unfortunately, not always the efforts result in a positive result.

Very often with hyperspolymenoreal separation of mucous secretions is observed. The entire period of menstruation is accompanied by severe pain. Many women complain of increased discomfort when sitting.

If the submucous node is small in size, there is no pain between menstruations. As the growth grows, a disproportionate increase in abdominal volume can be observed. Twisting of its legs is accompanied by a sharp rise in temperature. With such an acute course of the pathological process, it is urgent to call a team of medical workers. Disregard for one's own health is dangerous by the development of infertility.

Is pregnancy possible?

Many women who learned about their diagnosis, the question arises: "Have found a submucous node in the uterus - to operate or not?". In most cases, you can hear a positive response, because the neoplasm is one of the causes of infertility. The thing is that the progression of the pathological process leads to hormonal changes and the absence of ovulation. In addition, the node can block the exit from the fallopian tubes. This adversely affects the progress of the egg to the site of implantation, as a result, an ectopic pregnancy is diagnosed.

Every woman of childbearing age should understand that the treatment of this pathology is necessary. Begin it as soon as possible. Only in this way can we hope for a favorable outcome - the onset of pregnancy.

Methods of diagnosis

When you have symptoms of ailment, you should immediately contact a gynecologist. Diagnosis of the neoplasm is carried out in several stages. First, the doctor examines the gynecological chair. He can easily determine the deformation and enlargement of the uterine body, which is typical for this pathology. Then they move on to instrumental methods of diagnosis to identify the type of neoplasm. The examination includes the following procedures:

• Ultrasound (transabdominal / transvaginal);
• MRI;
• Hysteroscopy.

The two most recent diagnostic options are considered the most informative. With the help of MRI it is possible to determine the presence of neoplasm at the initial stages of its development, to visualize the slightest changes in the tissues of the genital organ. Hysteroscopy allows you to take the material for later laboratory testing. Sometimes this method removes the submucosal node.

Basic principles of therapy

Treatment of the pathological process consists of two stages. First, with the help of hormonal means or surgical intervention, the effect on the neoplasm is realized. Then the woman is assigned measures to restore the reproductive function. The choice of a specific treatment regimen depends on the size of the site. At its early detection preference is given to conservative methods.

Hormonal therapy

If a woman is diagnosed with a small submucous knot, the treatment is started with hormonal drugs. Their use usually leads to regression of the neoplasm, but sometimes the opposite effect can be observed. Therefore, this therapy is cyclical, when the medication alternates with their cancellation. This approach reduces the risk of relapse.

Of the great variety of hormonal drugs, doctors today prefer combination drugs or pure gestagens. The first category includes "Yarina" and "Zhanin", and the second - "Dyufaston", "Utrozhestan." The treatment regimen is selected individually and depends on at what stage of development is the submucous node in the uterus.

Treatment with combined oral contraceptives is prescribed from the first day of menstruation. It is advisable to take the tablet at about the same time. After completing the course (21 pills), take a break for seven days, then start a new pack. In this week's interval there is a menstrual reaction.

Pure gestagens are prescribed one tablet twice a day. They should be taken from 5 to 25 day cycle, so the course of treatment is also 21 days. After a one-week break. Then the treatment resumes with a new package of pills.

Operative intervention

If the birth of a submucous node is significant, and hormonal treatment is ineffective, surgical intervention is required. Currently, the following operative manipulations are used:

• Laparoscopy (removal of neoplasm through small incisions on the abdominal wall).
• Embolization of the uterine arteries (introduction of special solutions for obstruction of vessels feeding the node).
• Hysteroresectoscopy (the tumor is removed with a hysteroscope).
• FUS ablation (treatment with ultrasound waves).
• Hysterectomy (operation of the cavity type).

In most cases, patients are assigned hysteroresectoscopy of the submucosal node. This is a minimally invasive operation. It is considered the best option for those women who want to restore reproductive health and in the future try on the role of mother.

The most radical method of treatment is hysterectomy. During the intervention, the surgeon completely removes the uterus, which leads to irreversible infertility. This operation is resorted only in extreme cases, when there is rapid proliferation of the node.

The help of traditional medicine

Many of the fair sex, after learning about their diagnosis, do not rush to start treatment. They prefer to resort to the help of traditional medicine, even when gynecologists warn them about possible complications. Doctors admit the option of non-traditional treatment for submucosal nodes, but only as a supplement to the main therapy.

Traditional healers offer to fight with pathology with the help of various decoctions and douching. The most positive feedback from the mug from the mug. For its preparation, it is necessary to pour 500 grams of boiling water into 5 grams of dry raw material, let it brew for eight hours. Take the remedy before meals for 100 ml.

Such infusions can also be prepared using carrot tops, aloe or calendula. It should be noted that before starting treatment, you should always consult a doctor. Sometimes folk recipes do more harm than good.

Reproductive health

After removal of the submucosal node, you can begin to plan pregnancy, but before that you need to undergo a survey. According to his results, the doctor will be able to tell whether ovulation occurs or not. When there is an anovulation phenomenon, a woman is prescribed special preparations to stimulate her. The effectiveness of the treatment is assessed using ultrasound. If the dominant follicle grows and then breaks, the therapy is considered effective.

In this case, we can say that the probability of pregnancy is high. The woman is prescribed gestagenic medicines to maintain the luteal phase. After successful conception of the child, these drugs will contribute to the normal development of pregnancy.

Prognosis for recovery

Treatment of neoplasm by any of the methods listed in this article provides a positive result. However, today there is no such technique that could guarantee the patient's recovery. Each treatment option is distinguished by its advantages and contraindications, shortcomings, possible complications. Therefore, it is impossible to say exactly which method of treatment is most preferable for the diagnosis of "submucous node in the uterus".

To operate or not, to appoint or install hormonal preparations or to be limited to expectant tactics - all these questions are solved by the doctor. In doing so, he must take into account the condition of the woman, the severity of the pathological process and a number of related factors. It is worth noting that the chances of recovery are very high, but much depends on the patient herself. Some women after the operation can save the reproductive function. They successfully nurture a child and give birth.

What is dangerous for a submucous node in the uterus?

Lack of timely treatment of pathology or poor-quality therapy can lead to the development of complications. Among them, the most dangerous are the following:

1. Uncontrolled bleeding. Often the discharge becomes so abundant that the patient is diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. In this disorder, a woman experiences weakness, she is troubled by headaches, the skin acquires a characteristic pallor.
2. The appearance of myomatous formation. This disorder is usually caused by intense physical exertion. The first symptom is strong cramping pain, which ends with heavy bleeding.
3. Impaired feeding of the submucosal node. The cause of this disorder is considered to be the torsion of the foot of the neoplasm. As a result, tissues die, which requires an emergency operation.

Another unpleasant complication of the pathological process is infertility. A little more about this in the article.

Preventive measures

The main way to prevent any gynecological disease, including the submucosal node, is a regular visit to the gynecologist. This means that at least once a year you need to go to the reception to this specialist. Timely detection of the problem is the key to a speedy recovery.

In addition, it is necessary to avoid causing ailments factors. These include frequent abortions, prolonged use of oral contraceptives, lack of lactation until age 30. Elimination of the above factors makes it possible to minimize the risk of such pathologies as uterine myoma, submucous node.