Sprinkler irrigation machines

In recent years, the climate in Russia has begun to change gradually. Droughts are increasingly observed in regions where it was very rare. If earlier agricultural producers of these regions only thought about irrigation, today many people faced a choice of methods and methods of irrigation.

The choice here consists of three main systems to date: sprinkling, furrow irrigation and drip irrigation. More and more farmers, both small and large farms, give their preferences in favor of sprinkling with the use of drum type sprinklers. Let's try to understand this issue in more detail.

Watering on the furrows - the method is already quite outdated and requires a lot of expenses for the layout of the site, the formation of slopes, furrows and a large volume of water. Adjustment of irrigation norms with such irrigation is possible only within limited limits.

Drip irrigation is the newest and technologically advanced method. However, requiring large annual equipment costs, manual labor for installation and maintenance. The irrigation norm can be adjusted very precisely, but there is a maximum limit, which is sometimes not enough in dry years. Also, special attention should be paid to the quality of water for irrigation, which should not be excessively saline.

The third way - sprinkling, is the closest to natural irrigation - rain. The irrigation norm is regulated precisely and within the widest limits, the equipment costs are quite high, but they are single costs, labor costs are rather low.

For sprinkling irrigation, several types of machines are used: front and circular sprinklers, long-jet sprinklers, sprinkler irrigation and drum type sprinklers.

The first type of equipment - frontal and circular machines is expediently used on large areas in specialized farms, since special preparation of fields, laying of irrigation canals and installation of pumping stations of great productivity is required. Also it should be noted that this is the most expensive kind of sprinkling machines.

Long-distance sprinklers, which are sprinklers with pumps, hung on tractors, are one of the cheapest methods of irrigation, but it requires the creation of an irrigation network with canals. In addition, this equipment can not be used in automatic mode and requires the constant presence of an operator.

Sprinkler irrigation is a network of pipelines with sprinklers installed at certain distances. This type of irrigation requires significant costs for pipes, sprinklers and diesel pumping stations, and can only be used on the site on which it is installed.

Sprinklers of the drum type practically lack the disadvantages of the above-described types of equipment for irrigation. The minimum financial costs for irrigation of 1 hectare are explained by the mobility of these machines and the possibility of using pumps driven by PTO tractors. For water supply, one main pipeline is used of light pipes with a length of 6 meters each with connections that can be quickly disassembled and moved to another location. These machines can work in semi-automatic mode, and with a special computer in fully automatic with a minimum attendance of the operator. The field does not require special preparation and channeling or leveling of the surface, it is possible to irrigate even slope areas.

Powerful diesel pumping stations can supply water directly to 2, 3 or even 4 machines from one main line.

Irrigation of areas of complex configuration is also not a problem - you can unwind the hose exactly to the length that is necessary in each specific case.

The versatility of these sprinklers and the many additional options allow irrigation of almost all types of crops. In the standard version, you can water most of the vegetable, tilled and forage crops. For fine-dispersed irrigation of small-seeded vegetables, special consoles are used, for high-growth tilled crops - tall trolleys for sprinklers, for gardens and vineyards - trolleys with a lower location of nozzles for supplying water to the crown.

Thus, drum type sprinklers are a simple and technologically correct solution that allows about doubling the yield, and sometimes even making it possible to grow crops in arid climates.