Shipborne helicopter Ka-27: description, technical characteristics, scheme and history

From time immemorial the person aspired to the sky, therefore it is not surprising that over the years he succeeded. For today, aviation is not only passenger and freight traffic, but also defense of the air borders of the state. In this article, there will be a speech about an aircraft like a Ka-27 helicopter. About how this machine was created and what its characteristics are, we'll talk.

Historical reference

In the spring of 1970, after the completion of the consideration of the flights of the "Ocean", the commander-in-chief of the Navy held a meeting with the chief designer of the Kamov Research Institute and with the deputy commander of the fleet aviation, Lieutenant-General Naumov. As a result of the conversation, a decision was made to open a new project. The final decree on the development of a special anti-submarine helicopter Ka-252, intended for sea-going ships project 1143, was adopted at a meeting of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in April 1972. The meeting of the State Commission for an air car was held the following summer.

Production start

The Ka-27 helicopter, in its essence, is an improved version of the Ka-25. Serial creation of a new car took place at a plant in the city of Kumertau. However, this was preceded by the flight of a prototype, which first took off in the air on August 8, 1973. In December of the same year the car made its first flight along a circular trajectory.

The scheme of the Ka-27 helicopter is quite standard for the Kamov Design Bureau and is a twin-screw coaxial. It should be noted that this combat aircraft was approximately three to five times higher than that of its predecessor Ka-25. In particular, such parameters as the duration and length of the flight increased by almost 40%. Also, the installation of more powerful and reliable engines led to an increase in the specific power-to-weight ratio by 1.7 times.

Service

The Ka-27 helicopter was adopted in April 1981. Before that, in 1978 five vehicles were delivered to the Minsk missile cruiser. In 1979, a special helicopter regiment, consisting exclusively of Ka-27, was formed at Severomorsk-2 airfield.

Today, the Ka-27 serves on the cruiser Admiral Kuznetsov, as well as on other destroyers and anti-submarine ships. In addition, the car was sold to China, India, Syria, the former Yugoslavia.

Main purpose

The Ka-27 helicopter serves for detection, tracking and neutralization of enemy submarine vessels, which follow at a depth of up to 500 m at a speed of not more than 75 km / h and are removed from the main ship to two hundred kilometers. At the same time sea excitement is allowed in 5 points. Meteorological conditions can be both normal and complex. Time of day does not matter. Also, the helicopter is able to perform the tasks assigned to it both independently and as part of a group.

Constructive elements

Combat helicopter Ka-27 is equipped with three-bladed propellers with the opposite rotation, which are added during the stay on the ship. The blades of these screws are made of fiberglass, and their bushings are titanium.

The fuselage of the machine is made of a single aluminum alloy. For stable provision of both longitudinal and track stability of the helicopter, a tail unit with two keels is used. The washer of each keel has an uncontrolled slat and is turned with a sock to the axis of the fuselage itself.

The chassis has four non-retractable supports and is equipped with a hydraulic system for a small lift of the helicopter in order to provide easy access to the cargo bay. A characteristic feature of the front wheels is self-orientation. There is also the possibility of installing skis.

Aircraft power section

As a drive on the helicopter, two turbofan engines TV 3 are used, the total take-off power of which is 2х2200 horsepower, and the reducer BP-252. The carrier screws have a stabilized speed during the flight.

The main sources of electric power are two three-phase alternators with a frequency of 400 Hz, which are driven by a reducer BP-252. Generators work in parallel mode, but only the left is connected to the network, and the right one is in reserve. The direct current on the helicopter is obtained by converting from a variable one using two VU-B semiconductor rectifiers.

Emergency power supply provides two nickel-cadmium batteries, as well as two current converters.

During the emergency landing on the water surface, inflatable ballonets are activated, which during normal flight are laid in a collapsed position in the side containers of the helicopter, located on the fuselage. It is important to note that the ballonets do not guarantee the required buoyancy of the car when the engines are off.

Also, the Russian Ka-27 helicopter is equipped with an autopilot system and a semi-automatic system for transmitting coordinates and other information about the detected submarine.

The crew consists of three people: a pilot, navigator-coordinator and an antisubmarine system operator.

"Octopus"

This is the name of a special airborne complex, which includes:

• A radar station that solves navigational problems and the search for submarines that surfaced. The fairing system is located on the nose of the fuselage.
• Lowered sonar station. It is located in the rear section of the fuselage and determines the coordinates of the submarines.
• The device of calculation and sight. Provides automatic withdrawal of the helicopter to the point for the subsequent discharge of damaging means.
• Buoy radio-acoustic type.
• The detector is magnetic.

In addition, the anti-submarine helicopter Ka-27 is capable of dropping markers, smoke generators, beacon-responders.

Surface targets this combat aircraft during a flight at an altitude of up to 500 m reveals:

• If the EPR is up to 250 m, a minimum of 25 km.
• If the ESR of 2 m is not less than 5 km.

A distinctive feature of the system "Octopus" - the availability of a special digital information and computing subsystem, as well as the highest degree of automation of the process of detecting boats. Particular attention should be paid to the speed of the system: in one hour of its work it is able to conduct a detailed survey of the water surface, the area of which does not exceed 2000 square kilometers.

Weapons equipment

With the aim of destroying submarines, the Ka-27 ship helicopter in the special compartment keeps AT-1MW anti-submarine torpedoes, as well as aircraft bombs, the caliber of which ranges from 50 to 250 kilograms. In addition, on the aircraft engine, if necessary, it is possible to install guided missiles to neutralize submarine vessels of the APR-2E type.

Technical specifications

The Ka-27 deck helicopter has the following technical characteristics:

• The number of people in the crew is 3.
• The normal take-off weight is 11,000 kg.
• The maximum speed of the flight is 270 km / h.
• The cruising speed is 230 km / h.
• The dynamic flight ceiling is 2950 m.
• The actual range is 800 km.
• The support screw has a diameter of 15.9 m.
• The length of the car is 11.3 m.
• When folded, the vessel has a height of 5.4 m.
• The load capacity is 5000 kg.
• The weight of the fuel in the tanks is 12,000 kg.

Modifications

Helicopter Ka-27 PSD is designed for performing search and rescue operations. He has an increased maximum take-off mass, which is equal to 12,000 kg. It also strengthened the suspension of the chassis, mounted auxiliary fuel tanks, so that the total fuel capacity of the helicopter was 4830 liters.

There is also a Ka-27E model. This helicopter was located on a sea ship providing "Apsheron" and served to inspect ships for the presence on their board of various dangerous radioactive materials and elements.

The Ka-27PL is a ship-based anti-submarine version of the helicopter, and the Ka-27 is an export model of an airmobile. This modification of the helicopter is painted as follows: white paint is applied to the board, and red strips on the fuselage and belly.

The aircraft is equipped with powerful means of rescue, illumination and rescue. To the hoisting winch, if necessary, attach a seat or belt for astronauts. In addition, on board there are also inflatable belts, two boats, rafts.

It is also very convenient that the search and rescue model of the helicopter can be completely converted by the operating personnel into the training version. To do this, in place of the navigator, a control handle is installed in the longitudinal-transverse direction, the pedals, the step lever.

In the case of using the helicopter in the role of sanitary it is possible to install a stretcher in the amount of 4 pcs., A pair of folding stools, a table for the medical worker, oxygen devices.

The Ka-27 SS helicopter is the most popular model, as it is mostly operated as a transport aircraft on offshore facilities and offshore bases. Initially, it is a rescue vehicle that searches for and assists crews of ships in distress, and also searches for landing aircraft. The crew of this helicopter is four people, among which there was a place and a paramedic-rescuer, who, in turn, necessarily has special diving and medical training. He must also be able to descend on the winch from a height of fifty meters.

As for the price of the aircraft, the exact cost of the Ka-27 helicopter by the defense department of Russia has not been disclosed.