Reserve of the Chelyabinsk region Arkaim. Reserves of Chelyabinsk region: names and descriptions

The oldest mysterious city of Arkaim, located on the territory of the Bredinsky district of the Chelyabinsk region, was discovered in 1987. If you look at this city-temple from above, you can see a spiral curl. Today Arkaim is a reserve of the Chelyabinsk region, a museum under the sky that attracts pilgrims.

"Arkaim" is a tourist place, an entire archaeological complex, which consists of a fortified city center, a utility site, a burial ground and several unfortified settlements. Its geographical position is impressive - the foothills of the Ural Mountains (eastern side) and the river Utyaganka - the left tributary of the Big Karaganka.

The Arkaim reserve is a real treasure for scientists, because on its territory populations of rare animals and plants are preserved.

A Brief History of the Creation of a Protected Area

Arkaim was first seen by military topographers in 1957, but they showed no special interest in the mysterious circle. The usual topographic specialists in the aerial survey of the locality in 1969 found a circular structure, which was considered a secret military base. And only in 1987, the participants of the Ural-Kazakhstan archaeological expedition quite accidentally discovered Arkaim to humanity. Defensive shafts, cuvettes, a street have already been discovered during excavations. Thus, one of the settlements of the Country of Cities, Arkaim, arose.

Creation of a branch of the Ilmensky reserve of state significance, that is, the Experimental Museum, was initiated in 1991 by G. B. Zdanovich. In early 1994, the museum became a historical and archaeological center, and in 2007 it was reorganized into a historical and cultural reserve "Arkaim" of regional subordination with many sights.

Complex structure of the reserve

Many argue that Arkaim is a nature reserve in the Chelyabinsk region - an amazing area where you can concentrate your energy. Therefore this place is always open not only to historians and archaeologists, but also to many pilgrims, clairvoyants, all who believe in the healing and purification of the soul. There is an "Arkaim" special tradition - to observe from the top of the hill behind the sunrise.

Attractions near the Arkaim reserve are very numerous. These are various museums and archaeological sites that are open for viewing.

Fortified area-settlement

This archaeological object of the Bronze Age era is dated to the 3rd-2nd millennium BC. E. From the town there were only small hills, seen from the air. However, in the past Arkaim was a settlement with a rather developed infrastructure for that period. Its territory (diameter - only 150 m) was inhabited by about 2-3 thousand people. There were several dozen houses in the settlement, but for some reason the aborigines burned their houses and left the city forever.

Historical Park

This object of the archaeological complex is located near the Bolshaya Karaganka River, far from noise and fuss. In fact, in this open-air museum, the theme of burial prevails. There are many of the most ancient tombstones of stone and boxes with fences, which testify to the existence of ancestral cemeteries. There are also mysterious menhirs, whose purpose is not established. On the territory of the historical park is the Turkic complex of Aksai from the Middle Ages.

Temir is a reconstructed mound

Ostyakom museum, which displays the ancient mound, were the results of archaeological research of the Sarmatian mound that was in the Chesme district of the Chelyabinsk region. It is dated to the IV century BC. E. Scientists managed to accurately reproduce a copy of the funerary construction of the ancient nomadic tribes. They gave in detail both the appearance and the internal arrangement of the family burial vault. Buried in the mounds only noble representatives of the tribe and their relatives.

Ancient settlement

The way our ancestors lived can be seen in the settlement of the Copper-Stone Age (Eneolithic) reconstructed by archaeologists. This ancient village is shown in natural sizes. Subsoil of its origin were the results of archaeological excavations in the village of Botay in the north of Kazakhstan.

Here you can see the housing in the form of rounded semi-earths, because this form of housing was due to difficult climatic conditions.

Museum of Ethnography

All museum exhibits were collected in the Urals. The workers brought them to the reserve of the Chelyabinsk region and created here the "Cossack Manor". The prototype of this ethnographic museum is the house of Dolgopolovs - Cossacks from the village of Varlamovo (late XIX - early XX centuries). The museum has many household items of that period. Knowledgeable guides talk about the traditions and customs of their ancestors. A very interesting construction of the museum is the "Dutch" windmill (tent type), standing near the house. It was built in Paris in 1929, after being transported to the Warsaw village, where it functioned successfully until the 1960s. In 1999, the mill was transported to a protected area.

Conducted in this museum master classes for those wishing to do needlework. Here, craftsmen can personally make a souvenir item for memory.

Stable nomadic tribes

More recently, that is, in 2010, on the territory of "Arkaim" was reconstructed a new structure - a nomad camp. It is four yurts, in which you can not only see firsthand how the nomads lived, but also stop.

Museum of ancient crafts

This unique building is equipped in a camp for tourists. Many admire operating stoves of impressive size. They were reconstructed in order to show how the furnaces for firing ceramic products, heating, and also furnaces for smelting hardware looked. All things in the museum can be touched, which is especially popular with children.

Shamanikha

Many people love to watch the sun rise and its sunset from the slopes of Mount Shamanka, which is simply called Shamanikha. At the top of this ancient paleovolcano is a spiral of stone. In it there are 13 turns, which symbolizes a chain of incarnations for passage into paradise. There is a belief that those who pass the spiral with their bare feet become one with their ancestral tree, their sins are released.

Mountain of Love

Behind the river Karaganka, in the upper tourist camp, towers the highest mountain "Arkaima" - the mountain of Love. On one of its slopes there is a spiral of stones. The Mountain of Love opens a magnificent panorama of the camp and a view of Shamaniyu.

Other protected areas of the region

Reserves, national parks of the Chelyabinsk region are those places where everyone feels like a part of Mother Nature. In the region there are 3 nature reserves and 2 nature parks. I must say that the reserves of the Chelyabinsk region, the list of which is not so large, have a huge historical, cultural and scientific value.

Thus, the Ilmen Reserve is famous for such crystalline compounds as minerals (sapphire, garnet, topaz, etc.). This is the most famous reserve in the Chelyabinsk region. In fact, it has almost all varieties of minerals of natural origin. They are presented at the exhibition of the exhibits of the Natural Science Museum.

All the reserves of the Chelyabinsk region are significant. The list of their names is replenished with the South Ural Reserve and the so-called radiation (East Urals). Their main task is the protection of the natural fund.

Great reserves of tourists and local people enjoy the reserves of the Chelyabinsk region, the names of which are very well chosen. So, for example, the national park "Taganay" from Bashkir stands for "the mountain of the rising moon". This is a truly amazing place, from where the human eye can see beautiful mountain landscapes and unique stone compositions. But one of the Taganay mountains for a characteristic rounded shape and named - Kruglitsa. Very popular with visitors and residents of the region is also the nature park "Zyuratkul" of national importance. A picturesque ecological path leads to its ridge.

The Ural nature is charming. National parks, Ilmensky reserve, botanical reserves, archeological and historical centers, Arkaim reserve will tell about its secrets. The Chelyabinsk region has allocated about 200 thousand hectares of land to natural monuments.