Raphael Santi's works: list, photo

Rafael Santi, the great Italian artist, graphic artist, architect, follower of the Umbrian school of painting, was born on March 28, 1483 in Urbino. The boy was eight years old when his mother died, and three years later he was left without a father. Giovanni Santi was an artist and, shortly before his death, managed to acquaint his son with the basics of painting.

Beginning of creativity

The first works of Rafael Santi date back to 1496, when the fresco "Madonna and Baby" was painted, which is now in his house-museum. Among the works of the early period also appear "The Gory with the Holy Trinity" (1499), the altar icon "Coronation of St. Nicholas of Tolentino", written for the church of Sant Agostino in the suburb of Citta di Castello. Early works by Raphael Santi were distinguished by the uncertainty of the style, but nevertheless looked like paintings by a fully mature artist.

Study

In 1501, the painter Santi entered the training of the famous artist Pietro Perugino. The work in the workshop of the senior mentor was extremely useful for Raphael. In addition to him, several other students were engaged in Perugino. All the works of Raphael Santi of that period are written in the style of a teacher. However, Pietro Perugino insisted that his most gifted student aspire to finding his own manner of painting.

His own style appeared in the young artist later, by the end of the training period in the master's workshop. Some works by Raphael Santi, paintings, sketches, sketches, began to differ significantly from the work of the mentor. Pietro tried to develop the success of his pupil.

First orders

Rafael Santi, his works, his skill and talent became widely known in the district, he heard about the higher clergy, and the painter received several profitable orders for the murals of the churches in Perugia and Citta di Castello. This was very useful, because the beginning artist lived poorly and needed money.

In 1501, in the works of Raphael Santi was added his first Madonna, the painting "Madonna of Solly." The canvas literally breathed church splendor. Later, the artist will create several more Madonna in different interpretations. This theme will accompany the painter throughout his short life.

Church subjects

Rafael Santi, whose famous works were on a religious theme, nevertheless often turned to the theme of the existence of ordinary people and tried to capture scenes from his life in his paintings. However, over time, the church subjects absorbed a talented painter, he realized that he could use his art in the best way in the temples.

Therefore, in the beginning of the 16th century, he created such masterpieces as "Crowning" and "Betrothal of Mary." Both paintings were written in 1504 and were intended for the altar. In the same period Raphael creates paintings "Portrait of Pietro Bembo", "Saint George and his battle with the dragon", "Madonna Conestabile".

Michelangelo and others

In December 1504, Rafael Santi leaves for Florence. There he meets Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Bartolomeo Porta. The style of Michelangelo and Da Vinci inspires Raphael and he begins to study their manner of drawing, and for greater clarity makes copies of fragments from the paintings of great artists. Cloth da Vinci "Ice and swan" Santi sketches for himself almost completely. With the painting by Michelangelo "Saint Matthew" he does the same. Both masters were supportive of the efforts of the young artist. And he himself decided to equalize as much as possible in the art of painting with Florentine masters.

New Orders

The first order Santi received after his arrival from the nobleman Agnolo Doni, to create portraits of himself and his wife. In the picture depicting a noble woman, the influence of Leonardo and his "Gioconda" is clearly evident. The artist named the portrait "Madonna of Doni".

Having completed the order of Signor Agnolo, Raphael proceeds to write the altar paintings "Lady with the Unicorn", "Position in the Coffin", "Madonna on the throne with Nicola of Bari and John the Baptist." The artist's popularity is growing, he writes many holy images, among them "Saint Catherine of Alexandria" (1507), "Holy Family" (1508), "Saint Elizabeth with John the Baptist" (1509), "Madonna and Joseph beardless" ( 1509).

The main theme in the work of Raphael

Being in Florence, Santi wrote more than twenty Madonnas. The stories were the same: either the baby in his arms, or he plays near John the Baptist, who was also often portrayed in the picture. All the Madons on canvases were depicted with a seal of motherly care on their faces. Among their images of that period, the Madonna of Granduca (1505), The Madonna of Terranuova (1505), The Madonna under the Canopy (1506), The Madonna with the Carnations (1506), The Madonna with the Corn (1505), 1506), "The Beautiful Gardener" (1508).

Vatican

At the end of 1509, Raphael leaves for Rome, where he will live until his death. With the assistance of Donato Bramante, Santi becomes a court painter of the Pontifical residence. He is instructed to paint the frescoes of the four rooms of the palace, the so-called "stanzas". Raphael chooses topics that reflect the different types of intellectual activity of mankind: philosophy, poetry, theology and jurisprudence. In each of the rooms the painter places frescos in accordance with the planned plan. The Raphael's stanzas were named "Justice", "Dispute", "Parnassus" and "Athenian School".

Work of all life

The most important masterpiece of the painter is the world-famous "Sistine Madonna", created in 1513. Raphael painted a painting commissioned by the Sixtus Saint Church in Piacenza. It is an unbelievably integral, highly artistic work, it amazes with an elegant intertwining of lines, everything is subordinated to the elusive rhythm of inner harmony. The canvas is large, but all the smallest details are accessible to the eye.

"Triumph of Galatea"

A well-known patron and patron of the arts, the Italian Augustino Chigi invited Rafael Santi to decorate his country villa on the banks of the Tiber with frescoes. Preference was given in this case to plots from the mythology of antiquity. So the masterpiece "Triumph of Galatea" appeared. The fresco depicted prophets and sibyls. The painting is considered one of the best works of the artist.

Madonna

Rafael Santi, whose most famous works - this is certainly the "Madonna", wrote the paintings in one go. Holy Mary and the baby, this plot was used by the artist most often. Sometimes he added John the Baptist, who organically linked with the main image. In total, "Madonna" Raphael - more than forty paintings, these are those that are in museums. It is in the exhibition collections - the best pictures of such a great artist, as Raphael Santi. The works listed below are the Madonna, portrayed by the painter for his short but fruitful life.

• "Sistine Madonna" - (1513-1514), an art gallery in Dresden.
• "Madonna Solly" (1500-1504), the Berlin Picture Gallery.
• "Madonna Diotalevi" (1504), the Bode Museum in Berlin.
• "Madonna of Granduca" (1504), Florence, Palazzo Pitti.
• "The Madonna of Orleans" (1506), the museum of Conde, France.
• "Holy Family with a Palm Tree" (1506), National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh.
• "The Madonna in the Green" (1506), the Museum of Art History, Vienna.
• "The Madonna with a Chink" (1506), the gallery of Ufizzi, Florence.
• "The beautiful gardener" (1507), the Louvre, Paris.
• "The Great Madonna of the Cowper" (1508), National Gallery of Art, Washington.
• "Madonna Foligno" (1511-1512), the Vatican.
• "Holy Family under an oak tree" (1518), the Prado Museum, Madrid.
• "The Madonna of Divine Love" (1518), National Museum, Naples.
• "Madonna Esterhazy" (1508), Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest.

All the other works of Rafael Santi, photos of which are in the catalogs dedicated to his work, can be found in the registers and directories on the art of painting.
In the period from 1513 to 1516 Rafael Santi is engaged in another papal order, he makes sketches for the tapestries of the Sistine Chapel, there are only ten of them. We got only seven drawings. Then Raphael, along with his disciples, painted the loggias that went to the inner courtyard of the Vatican. In total, fifty-two murals were made on the main biblical subjects.

New posts

In March 1514, Donato Bramante died, and the Pope handed over the St. Peter's Cathedral under construction to the start of Raphael Santi. A year later, the artist receives the post of curator of the antiquities of the Vatican. In 1515 the Vatican was visited by the famous Albrecht Dürer, whose engravings had already made a furor all over the world. He meets Raphael, and since then both are trying to be in creative contact, the good of Germany and Italy are close.

The final

The last dying work of Raphael Santi is the "Transfiguration", written in 1518-1520. The upper part of the canvas is given to the biblical story about the miracle of Christ's transformation before James, Peter and John. In the lower part are the apostles and the demoniac. Rafael did not finish the painting, it was finished after the death of the master painter Giulio Romano.

The great artist died in April 1520, at the age of 37 from a viral fever. Buried in the Pantheon.