Procedure for opening a bank account: detailed description

Many people are interested in the procedure for opening an account with a bank. If you think about it, there is nothing special about this. In any case, if it is a physical person. But legal, as well as IP or organizations, will not be easy. Therefore it is necessary to know about all the features of opening a bank account in this or that case. If properly prepared, then no problem either with the receipt of money, or with the conclusion of the contract will not be. So what should citizens pay attention to? How to open a bank account? What advice do people give each other regarding the issue they are studying? In reality, everything is not so simple. Especially when it comes to an individual entrepreneur. Often such people think about what kind of account and where to open it. About this a little later.

Different types of accounts

The procedure for opening a bank account begins with the study of the types of accounts that are offered in this or that case. Without realizing this feature, you should not start an account opening activity. Why? Because each account usually has its own purpose. Accordingly, the terms of service will be different.

At the moment in Russia, you can find the following options:

• checking account;
• current;
• Budgetary;
• correspondent;
• Deposit;
• special.

What is the purpose of all of the above accounts? Knowing the answer to this question, you can easily determine which option is suitable for a citizen or organization. It is necessary to consider many factors. Especially when it comes to large companies.

A settlement account is the most common option. Suitable for IP, and for legal entities, and for natural persons. It is intended for non-cash payment. In fact, this is a universal type of account. Quite often it is recommended to open it.

The current account is intended primarily for the general population. It is ideal for calculations that have nothing to do with profit. Organizations usually do not use this option.

Budget - bank account, which is intended for actions with government money. This solution is suitable for legal entities. It is usually opened rarely, and mostly by those who are supported by the government. In practice, budget accounts in banks are a depository of funds of state institutions.

Correspondent - suitable for servicing institutions that offer lending.

A deposit account is another common option. Required specifically for storage and a small increase in cash. It is opened either by individuals or legal entities.

Special - designed for special operations. Usually clients do not open. It is predominantly internal.

From all of the above, it can be concluded that the order of opening a bank account - the process is not so simple for the average person. The first task that faces citizens is to choose the type of cell to open. Most banks offer even separate accounts for individual entrepreneurs and legal entities. And on fairly favorable terms.

After the person is determined, for what and what expense is needed, you can proceed to the next important stage. What is it about? On the choice of the bank with which cooperation is planned.

Selecting a bank

It's hard to believe, but this feature is extremely important for citizens. The fact is that if you turn to an unreliable bank, you can lose almost all the funds. Also, experts advise not to put all the money on one account and in one financial company, if it is a question of individuals. Or about any "deposits" that are meant to save money.

You can invest in:

• National Bank;
• Non-governmental (commercial) organization;
• A foreign financial company.

For working in Russia it is recommended to pay attention to resident banks. In other words, those that are on the territory of the country and work inside it. It is preferable to give preference to state organizations. They, as practice shows, are more stable.

Where is the best place to transfer funds? At the moment it is recommended to pay attention to the following organizations:

• Sberbank.
• VTB 24.
• "Opening".
• "Gazprombank".

They are distinguished by their stability and quality of service. Also, these companies offer advantageous terms when opening certain accounts. Just what all citizens and organizations need so much. But what other features include the procedure for opening a bank account?

About collection of documents

It is necessary to pay attention to such a moment as collecting all the necessary papers. In fact, this process takes a lot of time. Especially if it is an organization or a legal entity. Usual citizens, as a rule, documents do not cause trouble.

It is recommended to provide to the bank both copies and originals of all the securities provided. You have to open accounts personally. If it is an organization, then the head / director should act. Permission is granted through a legal representative. But then you need to have an additional certificate - a power of attorney.

Age for opening accounts

The procedure for opening a bank account in a bank or any other necessarily includes such a feature as age restriction for potential customers. At the moment, not all citizens are able to open and close accounts in financial companies.

Individuals have the right to carry out such procedure from the age of 14-16, but only if they have permission from legal representatives. Until the age of majority, it is impossible to manage the money that is stored on the account without prior agreement with the parents and provide written confirmation from them.

Most often open bank accounts after adulthood. So citizens will have all the rights to use the money that is available on the balance sheet.

If we talk about legal persons, companies, firms and individual entrepreneurs, they are allowed to open accounts with financial organizations from the moment of registration. Or rather, after receiving all the registration documents.

The procedure for opening accounts in Russian banks is not limited to this. All this is only the beginning. Further it is necessary to consider the documents that citizens should bring with them to the chosen financial organization in one or another case.

Documents for individuals

The procedure for opening an account with a bank to an individual does not cause trouble. As a rule, a citizen should bring only a few documents with him. If it is a question of a resident of the Russian Federation, then we can limit ourselves to:

• Identity card (passport);
• Application form;
• A bank card (if any) with a signature sample (optional);
• Funds that are planned to be transferred to the account (if desired).

More than anything from the citizen will not be required. And how to be a non-resident? If a foreign person wants to use the service of opening an account, he will have to show:

• passport;
• Certificate of registration;
• Extracts that confirm the legality of being on the territory of the country;
• Application in Russian.

In fact, everything is not so difficult. The procedure for opening and maintaining bank accounts for individuals is the simplest option. IP and legal entities have pretty much try in this regard.

For an entrepreneur

What documents will be required to submit to the selected organization, if the applicant is an individual entrepreneur? There are several options. Everything depends on the selected account. For example, the procedure for opening a current account in a bank for an IP may be similar to an individual. What does it mean?

At the moment, individual entrepreneurs who work "for themselves" without employees (this is an optional item, it is needed in order that the bank does not have additional questions), have the right to open an account as individuals. And use it to generate income. Only need to inform the tax authority about this event. Then the IP documents provide exactly the same as in the case of individuals.

If we talk about a specialized account, then the procedure for opening customer accounts in a bank is somewhat difficult. After all, the documents will have to bring a lot. An individual entrepreneur must provide:

• Identity card (passport);
• INN;
• A statement in writing;
• Certificate of registration with the tax authority;
• Extracts from the FIU and FSS.

In this sense, the procedure for opening an account in a commercial bank and the state is no different. After checking the information about the applicant, the organization will make a decision. As a rule, it is positive. And it will be possible to proceed to the final stage. About him a little later, because he is one for all situations.

Legal entities and companies

The last category of applicants is organizations and legal entities. What awaits them on the way to realizing the task? What is the procedure for opening bank accounts for legal entities? At the moment, according to the established rules, you will have to submit quite a few documents to the chosen financial institution.

As a rule, among all the necessary papers, the following points are singled out:

• Passport of the applicant (usually the head);
• Constituent documents and their copies (with certification);
• Application for opening an account of one type or another;
• Certificates from the FSS and FIU;
• Certificate of registration and registration with tax authorities;
• A card with samples of a seal and an imprint of the company (certified by a notary);
• An extract from the Unified State Register of Enterprises.

If the account is opened not by the head of the organization, then, as already said, to bring a power of attorney for the operation. With you to the bank you will also need to take a company seal. This is the procedure for opening an account of an enterprise with a bank of the Russian Federation at the moment. Everything is not so difficult, if properly prepared.

Contract with the bank

Submission of previously listed documents - this is only part of the case. Once the bank has given its approval for the conclusion of the transaction, it will be necessary, as already said, to move on to the final stage. Which one? What is the procedure for opening a foreign currency account in a bank, as well as a ruble account in this or that case?

The basis for servicing a customer of any category is a contract to be concluded. Accordingly, the parties must conclude a deal. The text of the contract specifies all the details of use, as well as the account closure. The type of his "contribution" is also prescribed in the agreement.

It also indicates which option was chosen - currency or ruble. The first option is allowed to individuals and organizations that work with foreigners. But the IP is most often used in the second sentence. It should be noted - the transformation of the account from one type to another in relation to currencies is not provided. That is, if you need to close a ruble account, for example, and open a currency account, it's done. First, a citizen comes to the bank with treatment in accordance with the established procedure and terminates the previously opened account. At the same time, he concludes a contract for a new one. There is nothing complicated or specific in this.

Experts recommend that you carefully read the terms of the contract. After all, it is often possible to clarify the questions regarding the replenishment of the balance, the cost of content and the interest rate, if any.

In foreign banks

What is the procedure for opening an account with a foreign bank? The process as a whole does not differ from everything previously described. The principle of opening an account is the same everywhere. The main task is to choose a country and a financial organization that deals with servicing Russian citizens. It is recommended to choose among allied countries of the Federation. So you do not have to worry that the account will be frozen due to existing sanctions. No one needs unnecessary problems.

It is necessary to open a currency account. And in addition to all previously listed documents, letters of recommendation from other banks should be attached. Of course, if they are available. The citizen concludes the contract, signs it - and everything is done. As experts say, there is no significant difference where to open an account - in a foreign or state bank.

About closing

But this is not the end of the conversation on the topic under consideration. The fact is that the procedure for opening and closing accounts in a bank is a nuance that every depositor must know.

As a rule, the account is closed at the request of a citizen (or organization). Without this operation, it will not be possible to translate the idea into reality. The procedure for contacting the bank is exactly the same as when opening an account. You can close the account without any problems. It is recommended that you immediately report this action to the tax authorities. Especially when it comes to a legal entity or an IP.

What will happen to the funds in the account? Here much depends on the owner of the "contribution". The procedure for opening and closing accounts in the bank indicates that the financial organization can not appropriate money to itself. So, the account holder must worry in advance about withdrawing funds.

What are the ways to cancel an account? At the moment, it is allowed:

• Withdraw money in cash;
• Transfer available funds to another account in the bank (in any).

Most often, the second option is used. As a rule, the procedure for opening bank accounts (LC or any other state, not important) for legal entities provides that all transactions are made by bank transfer. Therefore, with the cashing of money, certain problems can arise. This is quite normal.

And if the citizen decided to close his account, he should be concerned in advance about not having money on him. Otherwise, cash will be given out upon termination of the contract with the financial institution.

Cancellation and termination of the agreement

Do not think that opening an account is so easy. In fact, the procedure for opening accounts in a bank (a non-resident or a resident is not so important) indicates that in some situations citizens and organizations may refuse to conclude a contract or terminate the agreement in a compulsory manner. When is this possible?

Usually conditions are prescribed in the contract itself. But if we talk about early or forced termination, then, as a rule, citizens are given such an opportunity if:

• The bank does not fulfill its obligations;
• The financial company ceases to operate;
• The account holder waives its own obligations.

As a rule, if a person opens an account, he usually closes it at his own will. And there are no problems with this.

Failure to conclude a contract can also follow. And it does not matter which company is going to open an account. The main thing is that there are reasons why legal entities, as well as ordinary people, have every right to refuse.

When is this possible? At the moment, most often identify the following options:

• Provision of incomplete package of securities;
• Discrepancy between the status of the applicant and the account (for example, a natural person can not open a budget account);
• Forgery of documents;
• Liquidation of the applicant organization.

Perhaps that's all. Unjustifiably no one has the right to prohibit opening accounts. Therefore, if there are no significant reasons for refusal, you can complain about the financial institution. And the account will be best opened in another company. Wherever conscientious employees work.

For the bank

The procedure for opening an account for organizations in the bank (or individuals) is now clear. But this is only on the part of the applicant. Employees of financial companies also need to know how to open an account. After all, if you do not follow the established rules, there will be certain problems.

All accounts must be entered in a special accounting journal. All open deposits are recorded there . They are entered on the day of opening of the zero balance on the account. That is, at the time of the conclusion of the contract.

It should also be noted that when closing an account, it is entered in another journal. The document in which information about the "deposit" will be stored - the journal of closed accounts. It should be in every bank. At the moment it can be presented both in electronic form and in paper. The second option is mandatory. An account is entered in this journal after the termination of the agreement.

Accordingly, the basis for opening the studied component is the conclusion of a contract with a citizen or organization. The agreement is granted for signature to the parties in duplicate. Legal entities also put their own seal. Just like the organization. But IP does not necessarily have a seal. It is delivered only if there is a corresponding object from the citizen. Quite often people are simply registered as entrepreneurs and do not produce seals. Their signatures are enough.

The reason for closing the account is nothing like the cancellation of the contract. About how it can happen, has already been said. Therefore, we should pay attention to this.

Operations on the account, as a rule, are carried out on the day of the "order" of an operation. But there may be delays of several working days. To the order of opening accounts has nothing to do with this feature. It simply needs to be taken into account by both sides.

Conclusion

From now on it is clear what the procedure for opening a foreign currency account in a bank, as well as the ruble one. In general, the whole algorithm of actions can be summed up under the following steps:

1. A citizen or organization chooses the bank in which the account will be opened.
2. There is a collection of documents and their copies. The latter are assured by a notary if it is a question of organizations and legal entities.
3. A package of papers is being submitted for consideration.
4. With a positive response from the bank, the contract is concluded in two copies. At the same time, the account is opened and entered in the journal of open accounts.
5. If required, the applicant himself will close the account by submitting a written application. After this, you can enter a "deposit" in the journal of closed accounts.

Accordingly, no special manipulation is required. In fact, everything is not so difficult if prepared in advance. In addition to the account, you can attach a bank card. It is very convenient. It is enough to apply for the manufacture of plastic and its binding when signing a contract or after opening a deposit. But the order of opening special accounts in the bank very few people are interested. In general, this process is not much different from all the earlier examples. In practice, as already mentioned, this option is almost never found.