Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolaevich: biography, photo

Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolaevich, whose biography is described in this article, is a well-known statesman, member of the RSDLP (b) party. Was the head of a special sector of the Central Committee - the Secretariat of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. By rank - Major-General.

A family

Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolayevich was born on August 7, 1965 in the village of Uspensky, located in the Slobodsky district of Vyatka province. His father, Nikolai, was a landless peasant and worked as a shoemaker. Mother, Nadezhda Efimovna, loved children very much, brought up in strictness, but rightly so. Alexander had several sisters and a brother, who later became a military pilot.

Childhood

Alexander grew up, like all children: he ran fishing, he liked to catch crayfish from the river. I helped my mother with household chores. He was very well-read, as he was too fond of books. He studied at school. He had a friend with whom they were friends until his death, Sasha Bakulin. He lived in a neighboring village. Even at school, the guys sat at one desk. Both Sasha went to sing in the church choir. The boys often called Bakulenya and Poskrebenya.

Education

After school, Alexander graduated from the Vyatka paramedic school. But, having received a specialty, he did not stop and continued his studies, in 1927 enrolled in the Moscow State University at the Faculty of Economics and Law.

Career

Career Alexander Nikolaevich began with a doctor. After the school he left for the Urals, to the town of Baranchu. There he joined the party and was elected secretary of the RSDLP (b). From 1918 to 1919 he worked in the Political Department of the Turkestan Army. From 1919 to 1921, he continued his work in Zlatoust as Chairman of the Military Revolutionary Committee, and then the Executive Committee of the Soviet of Workers' Deputies. From 1921 to 1922 - on the party work in Ufa.

In the twenty-second year Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev was sent to Moscow. There he began as an instructor in the Central Committee of the Party. First, from 1923 to 1924, he worked in the Central Committee of the RCP (b) as deputy manager of affairs. Then, from 1924 to 1929, - Assistant Secretary General. Was transferred to the post of deputy. Head of the secret department. In 1930 he became its head. And from 1934 he headed the Special Department of the Central Committee. In 1935 he became head of the secretariat of the Central Committee of Stalin.

In 1947, Mr .. participated in the discussion of the presidium, and in the autumn of 1952 became a member of the Standing Committee. In the winter of the same year, he was Secretary of the Presidium and Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Work with Stalin

Despite the unprepossessing appearance, Alexander Nikolaevich's power was enormous. And an important role in this played the favor of Stalin. AN Poskrebyshev answered him with absolute devotion. And all Stalin's orders or words even spoke with the intonations spoken by the Secretary General.

Alexander Nikolaevich knew all his moods, habits and illnesses. They understood each other often without words at all. Poskrebyshev fulfilled his duties conscientiously, neshetly. He had an amazing capacity for work and a phenomenal memory. He was called a walking encyclopedia. I remembered all the phones by heart and never wrote them down.

In wartime, from 1941 to 1945, he took part in the development of military operations and materials for conferences. At this time Poskrebyshev became a Major-General. Until 1953, Alexander Nikolayevich worked with Stalin. For twenty-five years, all the information he filtered out through him passed through. Some of them were transferred to the Politburo, and if there were important news, directly to Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin.

Stalin's "Squire"

Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev, Stalin's personal secretary, was his "shadow", solving not only administrative but also personal issues. He followed not only the correspondence of the Secretary General, but also the observance of the protocol and the appearance of members of the Politburo. With Poskrebyshev had to be considered all - and ordinary people, and military commanders.

Despite the closeness to Stalin, his Poskrebyshev could not save his wife from arrest. He had to personally issue a warrant for her. Although he tried to stand up for the wife. But Stalin signed the warrant and, seeing the expression on Alexander Nikolaevich's face, laughed. I decided that Poskrebyshev "needs a new woman," and promised to find him in the near future. And about the arrest was adamant. He considered that if the NKVD had made such a decision, then there were reasons for that. And soon a young woman came to the apartment with Alexander Nikolaevich with the message that she had been sent to farm.

Victim of Beria's intrigues

Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolayevich was the victim of Beria's intrigues. After the fifty-second year, a plan was sent to send General Secretary Stalin to resign. But nobody openly spoke about this. Especially since he was surrounded by devout people. As a result, Beria decided to remove Iosif Vissarionovich with the help of intrigue.

According to Lavrenty Pavlovich, Georgia would be the best place for this case. But because of the "Mingrelian case", Stalin did not go to rest for his countrymen. He lived very secluded. There were only two places left: the Kremlin and the Moscow dacha. But in the Kremlin residence there was an ideal communication, and if they began to insist on his resignation, then the alarm would rise all over the country in a split second. The last option was the Moscow dacha.

But it was reliably protected, while next to Stalin was the security and Poskrebyshev. He could be removed only by the General Secretary himself. Beria told Stalin that secret materials allegedly disappear from the Politburo. And, in addition to Alexander Nikolaevich, no one could do this.

Stalin immediately removed Alexander Nikolayevich from his post and sent to prison. I was going to shoot him. But I did not manage to do it. After Stalin lost his loyal encirclement, very soon he was found killed in his country cottage.

Policy

In 1934, Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev became a candidate member of the Central Committee. In 1936, based on the formulated theses of Stalin, he wrote the texts to the Constitution of the Soviet Union. And in two years - A short history course. In 1939, Mr .. became a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b), and later - the CPSU. Poskrebyshev - a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the RSFSR and BASSR of the 1-3 rd convocations.

Personal life

For the first time Alexander Nikolaevich married in 1919 on Yadviga Ippolitovna Stankevich, a Polish revolutionary. They lived in marriage for ten years and divorced. She subsequently died of tuberculosis in 1937. She was buried in the Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery.

After the divorce with his first wife, Poskrebyshev got married a second time. His wife's name was Bronislava Metallikova. In this marriage he had two daughters - Galina and Natalia. In 1939, Bronislava was repressed for her links with Trotsky and on charges of counter-revolutionary activity.

There is an opinion that the real reason for her arrest is Beria, who wanted to compromise Alexander Nikolayevich, and then replace him with his own man. But this is only an assumption, since at the time Beria with the NKVD and the Ministry of Internal Affairs was not closely connected.

Poskrebyshev made an attempt to rehabilitate his wife, but without success. She was shot when the fascist army approached Moscow. Much later, in 1957, Bronislaw was still acquitted and rehabilitated. She was reburied in the Moscow Novodevichye cemetery.

For the third time Alexander Poskrebyshev married Ekaterina Grigorievna Zimina. In this marriage, a third daughter was born, who was named Elena.

Friends

Despite the busy working schedule for sixteen hours a day, Alexander Nikolayevich still found time for friends with whom he went fishing. There were only three close comrades. A childhood friend of Bakulev, who became a famous cardiologist, General Khrulev and polar explorer Papanin. Poskrebyshev loved not only books and fishing, but also active rest: tennis, playing in small towns. He liked to go to his friends to the country house, rest there, fish and hunt.

Character

According to the nature of Alexander Poskrebyshev, photo of which is in this article, was determined and purposeful. By nature very kind, but at work collected and strict. As his daughter remembers, he always said that a person should be kind, but not kind.

Death of Poskrebyshev

Alexander Nikolaevich did not have time to shoot, since Stalin died. Khrushchev came to power and freed Poskrebyshev from the stasis. He was no longer allowed to work, but was sent to rest on his pension. He lived for twelve years longer than Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolayevich, Stalin's secretary and his right hand, died on January 3rd sixty-five. He was buried in the Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery.

Awards

Alexander Nikolaevich Poskrebyshev was awarded four Orders of Lenin, a medal "For victory over Germany in the Second World War". He also has a medal "For Valiant Labor in the Second World War".