Podkamenschik ordinary: photo, description. Stubble ordinary in the aquarium

The stubble is an inhabitant of fresh fresh water. It occurs in small rivers or transparent lakes. Choose a rocky bottom. The reservoirs, where the common stump man lives, are not very deep.

This is a single fish, which is almost never met even in small flocks. Their favorite habitats are under-stone spaces. Very rarely are holes in the sand. This behavior explains the name of the species. Features of this fish can be traced with the help of an aquarium, where conditions identical to its habitat are created.

Appearance

The ordinary manger (cottus gobio) differs in its original appearance and behavior.

Outwardly it is a small fish, which has about 10-15 cm in length. Her head is quite wide, and the body is small and tapers to the tail. This is one of the main features of the structure of the ordinary underbody (cottus gobio).

Head, broad and long, flattened from below and convex from above. At its very top are red eyes, looking in different directions.

The jaws are quite large, which allows the scraper to catch a fairly large fish. Jaws have a number of small teeth.

On each side of the head the fish has a large hook-shaped spike. In case of danger, this gives the stumpier a more formidable appearance.

Body structure

The ordinary person has a naked body (photo is shown below). On it there are small warts that secrete mucus. This makes the fish slippery and allows it to escape from predators more easily.

The old ordinary stump man has a darker color, and the young one is pale. Fins are also quite original. Dorsal ridges consist of one small semicircular and the second long. Pectoral fins small, abdominal - wide. Zadnoprokhodny fin long, similar to the dorsal crest. The tail of the ordinary stump can be described as small, as if chopped off.

This fish does not have a swim bladder. It is superfluous for a species that lives in shallow water and does not float to the surface.

Behavior at Will

The ordinary stalker (pictured below), in a pond, leads a sedentary life, hides under rocks and swims very rarely.

But at the moment of hunting or danger, the fish is able to develop a very decent speed due to its strong pectoral fins.

There are not many enemies in the underbody. He often goes to catch trout. Inhabited in the immediate vicinity of the minnow and the white-fronted gudgeon, the ordinary stalker is not too much of a prey for predators.

The stout does not suffer from a lack of appetite. It feeds mainly on mokritsami, crustaceans, larvae of water beetles. It happens, they eat caviar toads or fishes. A large specimen of this species can even feed on young fish. The ordinary and white-bellied minnows often co-exist. Therefore, the latter often falls on the table to cottus gobio.

Aquarium conditions

In the aquarium of the ordinary stalker you can meet very rarely. This is due to their sensitivity to environmental conditions. Fish of this species like cold water, which must be well saturated with oxygen. This should be done with the help of the editor or change the water every day.

The depth should be small, and closer to the corner it is necessary to equip the grotto. The stalker will be able to climb it close to the surface.

Color change

A healthy underburner is an ordinary one, the description of which was presented earlier, has beautiful dark spots. Their congestion is observed on the back.

If you look closely, this color consists of small black dots, which at a high concentration look like a dark spot.

Being in the aquarium, the underbody is very sensitive to all restrictions. If his color becomes pale, you should change the water. Otherwise, the fish will die. Once it gets into the water saturated with oxygen, the color will be the same very quickly.

According to Newman, who studied the behavior of undergrowth in aquarium conditions, they are able to change color depending on the lighting. This ability, he said, is also observed in fish that are exposed to irritants or strong muscle tension.

Observations in the aquarium

Observations on the behavior of a species such as the ordinary stump, in the aquarium was able to hold the Frankfurt explorer Frenkel. He caught several representatives of this fish family in the stream and placed them in an aquarium of 120 x 50 x 40 cm. It contained 20 buckets of water.

The soil was made of sand 5 cm thick. In some places smooth stones were placed on the bottom. The vegetation was represented by water moss and vallisneria bush.

The researcher conducted ventilation and enrichment of air artificially with the help of an injector.

When the fish were placed in this ecosystem, each large individual took its place near one of the piles of stones and began to protect its territory. They aggressively drove everyone away from her. Small fishes tried to keep together.

The first two days the underlings were mastered in new conditions. And since the third day, they were offered food in the form of earthworms and enchitreas. Fish pounced on food greedily, catching it on the fly and collecting from the bottom.

Twice a week, 5 buckets of water were taken from the aquarium and added a new one. It was noted that the stumpy ordinary felt himself in these conditions well.

Reproduction in the aquarium

A month later, 5 of the fish significantly increased abdomen. Males have acquired a brighter color. He also became clearer in females, but not so clearly. Fish began to actively move along the aquarium. Males aggressively behaved with each other. The largest of them raged more than others. But he treated the females differently, especially the largest. He drifted through them and touched the pectoral fins with his snout.

This caused the female to swim away. Then this stumper followed her. They floated for a while on the aquarium.

A few days later the female and male fell on a stone. She peeled her pectoral fins and face. The male stood at this time on guard and did not let anyone approach her. Then he swam to his partner, and they quickly swirled around each other.

After this, the fish descended on the largest peeled stone. They settled their heads in one direction. The female began to sweep the eggs, and the male watered them with milk.

It lasted about an hour. Then the fish parted and lay motionless on the bottom. The male later stood up for guarding the eggs. He vehemently beat everyone who was approaching them.

After 4 weeks, fry appeared. During this time, their father almost did not eat anything. A total of about 500 fry. They swam in a flock and at the slightest sign of danger hid under stones.

Having plunged into the world of a submarine predator like an ordinary man, one can understand the processes taking place in this ecosystem. This is an original fish in every respect, to watch which is very interesting and informative. Especially if you do it in an aquarium.