Names of herbs. Herbs are wild: names. Medicinal herbs: names from the photo

The flora of our planet is extremely diverse and beautiful. A huge number of different life forms of plants not only aesthetic pleasure, but also brings a very tangible practical benefit: it is a source of nutrition, decor elements, a supplier of medicines, a source of clean and fresh air filled with oxygen and so on.

Among all life forms of plants, a great place is given to grasses, both cultured and wild. They occupy almost 50% of the total mass of the planet's flora, so we will consider them.

Herbs: a general characteristic

Most often, herbs include plants that have a somewhat modified shoot. That is, in the classical sense, the shoot should include a stem, leaves and a flower. So the herbs can not be observed all the structural parts. Often the stem is mutated, the leaves take on a form and dimensions that help to adapt to the environment as much as possible.

The flower, as a reproductive organ, is, of course, in all herbs. However, in size, shape and color, they are also very different. This factor will depend on the method of pollination of a particular plant species.

Wild grasses - a very large group, which includes representatives of almost all known families of angiosperms. The names of herbs are very diverse. There are both historically formed "names" and scientific ones, data on binary nomenclature (in Latin, first name - genus, second - species). For example, Leonurus heterophyllus, or the Motherwort variegated.

The root system, the branching of the shoot, the structure of the flower and the leaves - all these botanical characteristics will be based on the specific genus and plant species, so it is impossible to identify any common morphological features for all wild herbs.

Classification of herbs

In the basis, you can put different signs, but most often the division of herbs into:

• Annuals - buttercups, cornflowers, ageratums, lapchatniki, dope, poppies, chamomile - the names of the herbs of this group can be listed for a very long time, since they are numerous.
• Biannual - malva, spurge, sweet clover, lupine, forget-me-not, bell, viola and others.
• Perennials - begonia, anemone, alissum, St. John's wort, reeds, iris, sour, oregano, elecampane and others. The names of herbs in this category also reflect their purpose. Obviously, many medicinal well-known species are included here.

In addition to this classification, you can bring another. In the basis of putting the field of human use.

1. Medicinal herbs - celandine, a line, thyme, chamomile, sage, calendula, a bug, lily of the valley and others.
2. Cultural agricultural plants - vegetables, fruits, cereals (cereals).
3. Spicy herbs - ginger, fennel, horseradish, anise, parsley, basil, lemon balm, vanilla, cinnamon, cardamom, muscatel, saffron, laurel and so on.
4. Ornamental grasses - decorative cabbage, euphorbia bordered, Dahurian moonshadow, young, biannan, kohia, rogiersia and many others.

In the place of growth, all herbs can be divided into mountain, forest, meadow, marsh, desert, steppe and horticultural (weeds and cultivated plants).

Wild herbs of Russia

There are a lot of such representatives. Almost all the wild herbs, names and photos of their representatives can be seen in any relevant encyclopedia. Let's try and we will consider more in detail the variety of Russian wild herbs.

Only medicinal products are known for more than 900 species, and there are many others. According to climatic zones, their distribution is uneven. It is known that most plants, including herbs, are located in the more southerly, southeastern and eastern regions of our country. The northern, north-western and western regions are densely populated, but not so diverse in species composition.

So, we can cite the example of Siberia (Western and Eastern Siberia, the Far East, all nearby regions, up to Chukotka). Here the most common herbs are wild, the names of which are as follows:

• Paranoid;
• Anchors;
• dandelion;
• sorrel;
• A shepherd's purse;
• primrose;
• Viburnum;
• Callist;
• Highlander;
• Bahan;
• Different sedges;
• feather grass;
• sagebrush;
• quinoa;
• Celandine and many others.

Among these, you can find both medicinal and conventional types. The only thing that unites them is representatives of the flora living in wild conditions. Herbs are plants that can not be embraced by one article. Too many of them. The European part of Russia is represented by a variety of beautiful flowering herbs that form whole carpets of different colors, making the wildlife unimaginably beautiful. Among them are names of herbs such as cranberries, ordinary verbaine, veronica oak groves, raven eyes, heather common, Fisher carnations, forest geraniums, stellate stellate.

Due to good climatic conditions, the central strip of Russia is famous for its many medicinal herbs, which also create beautiful summer, spring and autumn landscapes with their flowers. They are such as a sweet-smelling dolphin, lily of the valley, young shoots, marigold wooded, chamomile, nightshade, blueberry, nettle, hawk, and others.

In mountainous areas and their herbage we will dwell in more detail later.

Forest rank

A beautiful perennial plant with a bright pink coloring of the flower's halo and a wonderful honey aroma that attracts pollinating insects from June and to September autumn days. Many pastoral animals choose this particular wild beauty for food, since many proteins and carbohydrates are found in the roots, stems and leaves. Refers to the family of Motylkovs (Beans). The main economic significance is perennial, carries out annual drainage of the soil, participates in soil-forming processes, it goes well to feed cattle. Medicinal value does not.

Buttercup

A very widespread plant, which is classified as poisonous. It occurs practically in all bands of Russia, it has a high adaptability to environmental conditions. Includes several types of grass, the names and photos of which can be seen below.

Varieties of buttercup:

• Caustic ("night blindness" in the common people);
• Kashubsky;
• creeping;
• Spring cleanseer;
• Garden and others.

For pasture animals is not suitable, since the escape of the plant is poisonous. After drying to the state of hay, it becomes safe. In medicine, the usual is not used, but in the alternative it is very common as a remedy for rheumatism, open wounds, boils, for tuberculosis and burns.

Mountain grass

The most famous among these is, of course, Altai grass. A huge number of cosmetics, medicines, tinctures, balms, ointments is created on the basis of extracts of these miraculous plants.

After all, the air itself of this mountainous region seems to be healing. Almost all plants grown on the stony surfaces of the Altai are medicinal. Animals that eat these herbs are the strongest and healthy. People using fees from these places for treatment have fewer chronic diseases than residents of other areas.

Some Altai herbs, which have received national recognition and are most often used by man:

• Red brush (rhodiola four-petalled);
• Milk thistle;
• The golden rod;
• Hilly solyanka;
• A penny-pin;
• Bovine uterus (one-sided orthility);
• Veronica black;
• White bloodroot;
• Basilophylus small;
• The rank is squat;
• burnet;
• Calendula ordinary;
• Sweet clover;
• Ayr;
• Hawk umbrella;
• Althaea officinalis;
• Chokeberry aronia;
• Immortelle sandy and many others.

Balsams are very common, which combine several herbal components. They help with a variety of problems: they cleanse, soothe, tone up, normalize blood pressure, restore sleep, relieve headaches and chronic fatigue, and so on. Such mountain grasses, wild, whose names were listed above, are very valuable objects of medicine.

Milk thistle

Another name for this Altai herb is the milk thistle. This plant since ancient times was revered as a very good medicinal assistant. Infusions from different parts of the grass help from liver diseases, cleanse the intestines and eliminate inflammation, relieve puffiness and treat jaundice and many other ailments.

The plant itself sometimes reaches 1.5 m in height. The leaves are very beautiful, with a white border and a cut edge. Flowers are like round cones, dark pink or purple. A very valuable property of milk thistle, which makes it possible to use it in folk and traditional medicine, is the complete absence of side effects.

Beautiful appearance allows you to use it not only as a medicinal, but also as an ornamental plant in many gardens and vegetable gardens.

Rhodiola quadruple

In the common people - a red brush. Endemic plant of the Altai Territory. One of the most popular among these mountain herbs. Used in medicine, both traditional and traditional for the treatment of female pelvic organs, infertility, male prostatitis, inflammation. Helps stop bleeding, normalizes the cardiovascular system, helps in the treatment of various viral and bacterial diseases.

Externally very interesting, unusual herbs. The description is as follows: low, growing on rocky surfaces of plants, with narrow, closely spaced leaves. Flowers are little noticeable, pale, but here the fruits in the form of leaflets are very bright, red. The shape of the leaves resembles a brush, for which this plant and got its name.

The most common medicinal herbs

This group includes a lot of representatives around the world. In Russia there is also a great variety. After all, almost all plants (except for highly poisonous) contain useful alkaloids, essential oils, resins, tannins, minerals and other components that allow them to be used as medicinal herbs. The names of the most widespread and famous representatives of this group, growing on the territory of our country, are the following:

• pharmaceutical camomile;
• The drug gland ;
• White bloodroot;
• mother and stepmother;
• Lemon balm;
• Wintering umbrella;
• Bovine uterus;
• Raspberry ordinary;
• Plantain large;
• Pustyrus five-lobed;
• Ayr ordinary;
• Golden root;
• Collision fragrant;
• Red viburnum;
• calendula;
• Schisandra Chinese;
• Dogrose ordinary;
• Eleutherococcus spiny;
• Echinacea;
• Succession;
• Celandine and many others.

Obviously, it is simply impossible to list all the plants, since their species diversity is too great.

Aloe vera

Of house pot plants often used as a medicinal product is a century-old, or aloe. It is a succulent plant with thick fleshy leaves, topped with spines. In the juice of aloe contains a lot (up to 200) of various useful substances. They help to treat open wounds, inflammations, bacterial and viral diseases.

The most common spicy plants

They have been used since ancient times as medicinal, but more often as food additives, making dishes exquisite, original and very fragrant. Some names of spicy herbs in Russia are summarized in the article: horseradish, dill, parsley, celery, parsnip, black pepper, cardamom, peppermint, lemon balm, mustard and some others.