Mavrina Tatiana Alekseevna, artist: biography, creativity

Mavrina Tatiana Alexeevna is the only Soviet artist awarded the Hans Christian Andersen Prize for his contribution to illustrating children's literature. In these days before New Year she would have turned 116 years old. According to the surviving information, the girl, who later became a famous painter, was born on December 20 (in the old 7th) in 1900. Being an adult, on occasion invariably took a couple of years. Probably from here are the dates of birth of 1901, 1902. A cheerful smiling man, a master of colossal efficiency, is what her contemporaries describe.

70 years of creativity

Mavrina Tatiana (1900-1996) lived in the world for almost a century. Her childhood passed under the tsar, youth and maturity - under Soviet power. About such as she, they say: "I've seen a lot". The difficulties of the turning points did not affect her positive worldview. For seventy years of painting and book illustration, she created a whole gallery of beautiful memorable literary images.

It seemed that in the Soviet Union there was no child who did not admire the sight of the beautiful royal daughter who died from the treat of Chernavka. The book "The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights", designed by Tatyana Alekseevna, was published in 1949. The country learned and remembered the manner of the letter, close to primitivism, Old Russian and folk art.

Once impressions of visiting the Epiphany Fair in Nizhny Novgorod sunk in the heart of the girl. Being a mature man, Lebedeva remembered how she enjoyed the toys: loaded transports were coming from behind the Volga. She admired the view of the frosty horses covered with needles, on which her favorite Semenov and Gorodets toys were brought.

The choice was so great that the eyes flared. The children went and chose until they turned into "stiff figures". Love for the folk toy had an impact on the creation of the schedule.

Dreams Come True

"Sample brush" in the new field was successful. The artist Tatyana Mavrina left a rich legacy: she has more than 200 books on the highest class. The most part is "Mavrinskaya Pushkiniana". Remember the three girls under the window, who were spinning late in the evening, svjatyu Babu Babarhu, other colorful heroes "Tales of Tsar Saltan."

Or a graceful scholarly cat on the golden chain of the sprawling oak ... The artist created a special world: trembling, awakening the imagination, pushes to thinking. He is a part of our childhood. There is information that Mavrina Tatiana Alexeevna illustrations for Pushkin's fairy tales dreamed of writing in the years of the Great Patriotic War. Despite the military devastation, fairy-tale images were seen by her everywhere.

From Nizhny to Moscow

Since childhood, familiar with the work of the classic, on the ancient spiers of Zagorsk pink buildings (Zagorsky from 1930 to 1991 called Sergiev Posad), the artist mentally deduced the Golden Cockerel from the fairy tale of the same name. However, to seriously engage in illustrating Pushkin's works, the painter-graphic was decided only after the Great Victory.

Who is she, Tatiana Mavrina? The biography of a representative of the cohort of the Russian Soviet intelligentsia is not a secret. She was born in Nizhny Novgorod. My father's name was Alexei Ivanovich Lebedev. The teacher and the writer gave his daughter his name. But in 1930 she took a pseudonym - her mother's maiden name.

Ancestral noblewoman Anastasia Petrovna Mavrina, like her husband, was engaged in teaching (she was the director of the Nizhny Novgorod school named after Gatsis for girls from poor families). Alexei and Anastasia had four children - three daughters and a son. They were brought up in a variety of ways, instilled a love of literature, art, music.

Life in the capital

Tatyana is the most famous of her sisters. Her younger brother Sergei entered the Soviet history as a scientist, who was at the source of the computer industry. From Nizhny Novgorod to the noble family moved in 1920. The girl studied at the famous creative school Vhutemas-Vhutein (higher art and technical workshops and institute). She studied the work of French artists.

At a certain stage the students were carried away by folk art (they were interested in icon painting, lubok, tiles, gingerbread boards). His own picturesque language, where the color "sounds" openly, the world is wide and decorative, and the compositions are bold, Mavrina Tatiana gradually formed. The formation of the artist helped teachers N. Sinezubov, G. Fedorov, R. Falk.

A glorious "fucking dozen"

In 1929 an exhibition took place in Moscow, in which 13 artists took part. The creative group of young supporters of the drawing "at the tempo of nature" was called "Thirteen" (by the number of participants). Young Lebedeva and her future husband and colleague Nikolai Kuzmin were members of the deniers of "gothic kinks and mental imbalances".

Having become spouses, in winter they lived in a small room on Sukharevskaya Square in Moscow. The warm period of the year was preferred to spend at the dacha in Abramtsevo. Probably, there they found a healthy and joyful way of life, for which they advocated. And they wrote in the genre of "quiet art". Mavrina Tatiana created expressive and picturesque (sometimes with an erotic shade) easel works. They attracted spectator attention.

Essential state of life

In the art of the 1930s, chamber and parade realism appeared. Because of strict censorship and ideological pressure, many artists (including Mavrina and Kuzmin) turned to chamberness, depicting landscapes full of love for their native land, scenes of family life (everything that was outside the literary and ideological framework).

Group "13" developed its graphic style. Soon within the community there was a split, it broke up. However, in the mid-1930s, the stylistic findings of the "Devil's Dozen" became firmly established in the book and magazine illustrations. Painting Tatiana Mavrina mostly belongs to this period. The works are reminiscent of the French post-impressionist trends.

Collector and creator of miracles

Oil painting on canvas for the last time the artist wrote in 1942. It was a picture of "Dancing on the veranda of the club." After that, according to her own confession, another life began. But the strong woman did not despair because of the lack of colors and fabrics for painting. Revealed a simple notebook and penciled in Moscow. The capital passed through and through. After the fiery fortieth years of the twentieth century, Tatyana Alekseevna was fond of collecting icons, clay toys, trays, embroidered works. With Nikolai Kuzmin they compiled an enviable collection of folk art.

Together with her husband, she painted spinning wheels, small birch bark boxes (bottles), bottles, made copies of luboks, as if creating illustrations for waking tales. So, from the subject to the object, decorated in a decorative dashing manner, a master of folk art was born. In 1950-1960, the artist with a capital letter was carried away by the depiction of nature. I went to Russian settlements, the chronicle of which has been kept since ancient times.

Blue lights of cornflowers

In what place Tatyana Mavrina peeped at the cornflowers on the window - it does not matter. The main thing is that the image appeared and lives even after the death of the author. Looking at the picture of the same name, former Soviet schoolchildren recall a textbook on the Russian language, which was taught in primary classes. On the basis of this bright picture, the guys developed (and develop) an interest in works of fine art.

Detailing each detail on the canvas, and today the children describe what they feel, as they understand the artist's idea. Having drawn a window on the top floor, the master of the brush seemed to bring the audience closer to the sky. Over the roof, which is clearly visible to the person "in the room", there is no sun. But the invisible presence of the luminary gives out golden clouds, gleams on the windowsill and a glass jar.

Miracle-alphabet

Due to the fact that the objects in the picture (flowers, clouds, house) do not have clear contours, there is a feeling of unusual dynamics: everything changes position in space, as if it melts from heat. Simple spreading strokes, and what is the effect! We feel like the heat of the sun's rays. The sky is so clear that it's clear: it's a summer day. Flowers on the window, and not inside the room - like a roll of living and inanimate nature. Clear "eyes" of flowers in a tone of heavenly blue. Perfect solution.

Some believe that the "Alphabet" Mavrina - another version of the illustration for fairy tales. The book for the youngest reflects the wealth of folk fantasy. Studying letters, our children will learn a good joke, receive unobtrusive instructions, rejoice in miracles.

The primer is considered one of the masterpieces, which in children's book publishing is not so much. Those who deeply studied and studied the legacy of the Russian graphic artist, argue: the vertex of creativity that shines by all sides is practically unattainable.

A unique plexus of miracles

An unusual book for children of younger preschool and school age, published in 1969 not as a simple textbook. The masterpiece "Goznak" (Moscow) made a masterpiece, working only on orders of state importance. Lovers and fans of polygraphy remember this thin red cardboard, gold embossing on the lid, a dust jacket painted on a gold background.

How did Tatiana Alekseevna Mavrina call her work? "Fairy-tale alphabet." No wonder: this talented woman could not live without peace, where all lies, yes in it a hint, dear little children lesson. By coloring the alphabet, the artist created a complex pattern of many fairy tales.

Learning by playing

A, b, c, d, d ... A ladder in the sky of knowledge is simple, cheerful, bright, reliable. It seems that in our diverse world (there are only variations of only the literal characters) this classical alphabet has no equal in accessibility, wisdom, conciseness. Children love the game "in words". Mavrina Tatiana used this "cunning".

The images that inhabit each letter are living and acting in the same vein with their fabulous prototypes. Mastery of the highest class - to make so that each literary line, every baritone, works for the recognition of the letter. You can watch all evening long as flying geese-swans (and Baba-yaga against), how the mushroom-boletus grows, the fleet of Tsar Saltan moves, takes out Dudon from the bag of the Golden Cockerel.

The most famous and favorite heroes of fairy tales Tatyana Alexeyevna depicted not only in "encrypted form", but also on separate pages. An eternal child in the shower, Mavrina did not always give answers to riddles. She asked the children to solve them themselves.

Here lives wisdom

What happiness, that lived, was in the world Mavrina Tatiana Alekseevna! Paintings of the master, as if come from a fairy tale. Fabulous illustrations like fantastic pictures. Spirituality, which is so lacking in modern children. A cheerful clue where to find the proven essence of life. There is an opinion that children, brought up on the heritage of the Russian graphic arts, feel thinner, deeper, more sublime.

"ABC" is republished in our days. In the virtual, catastrophically ransacked world, the Queen's son Elisey, Sister Alenushka, Emelya on the stove, Sivka-Burka, Went Kaurka, returned. Many parents admit: they really want the children to make friends with a book decorated with the hand of a real, thoughtful master. Some advisers make a remark: "If you like the" Moorish style "." We hope you and your children will like it.

Our pride and beauty

We finish the narration with those that were mentioned in the beginning: it is very difficult to list all the Russian cities where Mavrina Tatiana Alexeevna visited. Her visits were long remembered by the old residents of Zvenigorod, Pereslavl Zalessky, St. George's, Suzdal, Uglich, Yaroslavl, Kostroma. The result of creative travels is a book-album called "Roads-roads", compiled in the publishing house "Artist of the RSFSR" in 1980. In the base - 212 kinds of unique corners of Russia (water color, gouache).

The traditional rubric "About the author" contains text in several languages (including English, French, German). The book was printed in Germany in an encyclopedic format. Tatyana Alekseevna chose the sheets herself and built a layout. In 1976, for her works she was awarded the title of Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, became Honored Artist of Russia.

Interestingly the following opinion of art critics (and just indifferent citizens): often after the death of the artist, many of the created dims, is overestimated. In this case, the opposite is true: the phrase "brilliant artist" can be pronounced without embarrassment, as it happens in life. The works of TA Mavrina are in all major museums in Russia.