HealthDiseases and Conditions

Mastocytosis in children: causes, treatment and consequences

Children are sick, and this does not leave anyone. It's good, if the ailment passes quickly, but it also happens that he stays with the child for many years or even worse - for life. Happy are those parents who only know how the common cold and cold run. We will not talk about these troubles in the article, let's talk about such a disease as mastocytosis in children.

Briefly about the disease

The disease, at first glance, does not cause concern. But it's worth delaying with treatment, in the body of the child, mast cells begin to accumulate. Over time, harmless ailment can be transformed into a malignant form.

Mastocytosis is rare, most often it affects children. It affects not only the skin, but also other organs. About ninety percent of children with this disease suffer from pigmentary urticaria. At the initial stage, if mastocytosis is diagnosed in children, treatment consists in the use of antihistamines. During this period, it is necessary to monitor the course of the underlying disease.

In seventy-five percent of cases, the disease occurs in children under three years of age and does not depend on the sex of the child. Etiology and pathogenesis are not fully understood yet, and it is impossible to pinpoint the cause of the onset of the disease. There is an opinion that sometimes the disease is transmitted autosomal dominant way.

Types of the disease

Based on the characteristics of the disease, mastocytosis in children and adults has the following forms.

  • Cutaneous, infantile. It is observed in children up to three years. The defeat of internal organs is absent. Eruptions on the skin completely disappear in the puberty period and subsequently do not appear. At strongly expressed symptomatology the correct, and the main thing, duly treatment is required.
  • Cutaneous mastocytosis in adolescents and adults. There is a lesion of the internal organs, but with this form it does not progress.
  • System. Most often this type of disease is observed in adults. There is a change in the skin, progressive damage to the internal organs.
  • Malignant form (mast cell leukemia). This form of the disease almost always leads to death. Mast cells change. They affect internal organs and tissues, especially bones and peripheral blood. It should be borne in mind that skin manifestations are most often completely absent.

Types of skin lesions

There are five types of skin lesions in the disease.

  • Maculopapular mastocytosis in children. The photo clearly shows how the child looks during this period. The skin of the baby is completely covered with small spots and papules of red-brown color.
  • Multiple knotty type. Many dense knots formed on the skin. They can be yellow, pink, red. Their diameter is about one centimeter, the shape is hemispherical.
  • Mastocytoma (solitary node). A node appears. Its diameter is from two to five centimeters. It can be smooth or wrinkled. The most common type of mastocytosis in children occurs in the trunk, forearm, and neck. Infants are most likely to be affected by this type of disease.
  • Diffuse. Begins to disturb children from an early age. On the skin foci of yellow-brown color are formed. Most often they are located in the armpits, between the buttocks. Cracks may appear on them.
  • The telangiectatic type. In children is rare.

Causes of the appearance of the disease

As it was said above, it is very difficult to answer what can provoke such a dangerous disease, since its etiology is unknown. But still you can identify the main causes that cause mastocytosis in children. Komarovsky divided them into groups based on the age of the child.

  • Newborns. The cause of the disease can be called a food allergen. The doctor should be followed in the event that the family has previously suffered from this ailment.
  • Nursing age (from one to three years). Promotes the appearance of the disease contact with the environment.
  • Preschoolers. For all of the above reasons, an allergy to toys is added.
  • Schoolchildren begin to get sick due to stress, psychological state, stress.
  • Adolescents often get sick after sweating profusely. One of the reasons is sports training.

To the general factor causing the disease, it is necessary to attribute weak immunity. And it will be interesting to know: if several generations are ill in one family, it can be stated that the ailment has hereditary nature.

Symptoms of the disease

Mastocytosis in children, like any disease, has its own signs. Let's talk about them, although above, in the section "Types of skin lesions," it was already about the symptoms of the disease being conducted. But, as they say, it will not hurt to remember.

In addition to the fact that the sick child is naughty, he does not want to play, he is always ready to be with his parents in his arms, he also has:

  • There is severe itching;
  • The body is covered with red and pink spots;
  • Rednesses turn into bubbles with a clear or bloody fluid;
  • The rash spreads to the torso, face, hands (in the absence of timely treatment);
  • The skin of the baby thickens and acquires a yellowish hue.

The boundaries of the appearing formations are clearly expressed, the surface does not flake. A few days after the appearance of the spots from pink to dark brown.

Sometimes the growth of acne itself can stop, but there are cases when all the skin is affected and their penetration into internal organs begins.

The solitary form

A solitary mastocytoma is a single tumor, formed from mast cells. This species is rare, but it should be known. It represents solitary mastocytosis in children (in the photo it is visible) a tumor-like formation. It is located on the body, most often in the back, chest, neck, forearm. Do not panic in advance. Statistics show that in 90% of cases this stain resolves with time. To sexual maturation of the child, it can completely disappear. For this type of disease is not characterized by severe itching and disruption of the internal organs.

Sometimes a solitary form of mastocytosis can be mistaken for pigment nevus. Lead the child to the surgeon to remove the formation. This will not bring profit to the child and will not solve the problem.

If the baby ranks comb or injures, bubbles appear in its place.

Diagnostics

To whom to turn to determine mastocytosis in children, the reasons for its appearance? These questions are of interest to many parents. In any case, ignore the visit of a specialist is not worth it. In case of spots on the skin of a child, consult a dermatologist. He will diagnose and, if necessary, send to his other colleagues. Do not start treatment on your own. After all, you do not know exactly what factors contributed to the appearance of the rash.

The doctor will carefully examine the baby. For these purposes, a dermatoscope is usually used. This device eliminates errors in the diagnosis. After this, parents will be asked questions about the state of the child. It is necessary to answer correctly, it is desirable to recall all the complaints that came from the mouth of the child. In addition, laboratory studies will be carried out. We will have to pass a blood test, undergo ultrasound diagnosis of all internal organs to eliminate the disease of the system form.

Treatment

Mastocytosis in children is diagnosed. The reasons for its occurrence, as far as possible, are defined. It's time to start treatment. Specific methods have not yet been created. Symptomatic therapy is used to improve the child's condition. The goal of the treatment is to reduce the activity of mast cells. Toddlers and older children are prescribed:

  • Drugs against allergies: Suprastin, Tavegil and others.
  • Medicines that can stabilize the effect of harmful cells.
  • PUVA therapy. The skin is treated with ultraviolet light. It will take twenty-five sessions. It is used in the event that antihistamines do not give a result. The procedure will help reduce the amount of spots on the skin.
  • Cytotoxic agents (in case of systemic form of the disease). The disease with their help can not be cured, but it is possible to slow down and stop the growth of mast cells.

Having ascertained the causes of mastocytosis in children, treatment in some cases can be carried out using traditional medicine recipes.

Treatment with folk methods

At once we warn, to get rid of an illness in this way it is possible only after consultation with the doctor. The plants will help reduce the intensity of itching and irritation of the skin. A few recipes:

  • Coriander (grass powder) is mixed with sugar powder in a ratio of one to one. Eat half a teaspoon before eating.
  • Infusion of ivy. A dessert spoon of oak bark plus ivy leaves is poured with boiling water (one liter) and insisted until it cools. Compress is done. The affected area lasts twenty minutes.
  • Infusion of nettle. Take one tablespoon of dry nettle. Filled with one glass of boiled water. Inflamed sites are wiped with this solution several times a day.
  • Mastocytosis in children is treated with herbal baths. When bathing in vodichku added: chamomile, celandine, nettle, sage and string.

Using these methods to completely save the baby from the problem can not, but his condition will facilitate.

Consequences of the disease

Several times throughout the article it was repeated: having noticed a rash on the baby's body, immediately consult a doctor. After all, a completely innocuous disease can turn into a more serious problem: organ damage and death.

The prognosis of the disease depends on the cause of mastocytosis in children. The photo shows that the problems most often pass by themselves and the body of the child does not even have spots.

Such a conclusion can not be made with systemic lesions. If you are diagnosed with leukemia, you should not talk about favorable development. That's why we repeat: do not delay with treatment. Immediately contact your doctor.

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